Efficient decolorization of dye-containing wastewater using mycelial pellets formed of marine-derived Aspergillus niger

In order to improve the efficient decolorization of dye-containing water by biosorbent and understand the biosorption mechanism, the self-immobilization mycelial pellets were prepared using a marine-derived fungus Aspergillus niger ZJUBE-1, and an azo dye, Congo red was chosen as a model dye to investigate batch decolorization efficiency by pellets. The pellets as biosorbent showed strong salt and acid tolerance in biosorption process. The results for dye adsorption showed that the biosorption process fitted well with models of pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 263.2 mg·g~(-1) mycelium. During 6 batches of continuous decolorization operation, the mycelial pellets could possess efficient decolorization abilities(98.5%).The appearance of new peak in the UV–Vis spectral result indicated that the decolorization process may also contain biodegradation. The mechanism studies showed that efficient biosorption ability of pellets only relies on the active zone on the surface of the pellet, which can be enhanced by nutrition supplement or be shifted outward by a reculture process.     

Revealing azo-dye decolorization of indigenous Aeromonas hydrophila from fountain spring in Northeast Taiwan

This study provides a first attempt to seek for indigenous strains with excellent decolorization capability for dye-laden wastewater treatment from an unpolluted and likely the most biodiverse region (Lanyang Plain) in Northeast Taiwan. For isolation, serial selections were conducted by using of the fungicide nystatin and model diazo-dye C.I. reactive red 141 (RR141). Thirteen bacterial strains (NIU 01-13) with the excellent capability of azo-dye decolorization were predominantly isolated from samples of a fountain spring near Chiao-Hsi in Lanyang Plain. According to profiles of protein expression and PCR-augmented 16S rRNA gene analyses for strain identification, >98% of gene sequences in isolated strains NIU 01 and NIU 12 were similar to Aeromonas hydrophila compared to available gene sequences in the NCBI BLAST gene bank. Phase-curve profiles indicated that azo-dye decolorization was found to be non-growth associated for isolated strains. Color removal efficiency of the culture was ca. 16-fold to that of Pseudomonas luteola, indicating a promising feasibility of isolated cultures to be used for practical treatments. This point apparently suggested that exploring a biodiverse indigenous microbiota with high performance of specific characteristics (e.g., color removal) from a unpolluted region (e.g., Northeast Taiwan) for practical applications should still be possible.     

高活性TiO_2光催化剂降解酸性红B的研究

以烷基氢氧化铵为水热反应助剂制备了锐钛矿相纳米TiO2晶粒,采用XRD、TEM、SAED等手段对所得产物进行了表征,并利用这种高活性光催化剂降解酸性红B废水;通过UV-Vis、TOC和HPLC等方法对脱色过程中中间产物的形成、变化和分解进行初步探讨。结果表明,该光催化剂具有良好的结晶和形貌;对酸性红B有着优良的脱色效果,在pH值为4、催化剂用量1.0g/L、光照60min后,可使质量浓度为50mg/L的酸性红B溶液的脱色率达到94%;光催化降解过程中pH值对中间产物的产生与分解速率有较大影响。     

水解/缺氧/好氧/脱色工艺处理羊绒生产废水

介绍了水解／缺氧／好氧／脱色工艺在羊绒生产废水处理中的应用实例。运行实践证明,该工艺对COD的去除率可达90％,对BOD5的去除率〉90％,且具有处理效果稳定、占地面积小、投资少、能耗低的优点,可用于水量大、色度深、有机物含量高甚至有一定毒性的废水处理。     

活性染料脱色霉菌的筛选及其脱色特性

利用马丁氏培养基从印染厂废水中筛选出具有脱色能力的霉菌,研究所筛选霉菌对26种不同类型活性染料的脱色效果,选取优势脱色菌株,研究其脱色特性;利用紫外-可见、气相质谱对优势脱色菌株脱色前后的培养液进行检测,分析其脱色前后波谱的变化,确定其基本的脱色机理;对优势脱色菌株进行基因测序,结合形态学特征,以确定其种属。结果显示,从印染厂废水中分离出3株霉菌,命名为YR01、YR02、YR03,分别对26种活性染料进行脱色试验,3株霉菌均对虎红、藏青M-GD、曙红B、胭脂红、绿KE-4BD、翠兰KN-G、艳兰X-BR具有明显的脱色效果,其中霉菌YR03对以上7种染料的脱色效果最优,菌株YR03对虎红脱色前后染液的光谱吸收峰变化明显,说明染料分子结构发生了破坏,存在着先吸附后降解的脱色机制,其他均为吸附脱色。对菌株YR03进行形态观察与基因测序,确定为1株黑曲霉菌。     

重烷基苯精馏釜底产物的脱色工艺研究

为了提高重烷基苯精馏釜底产物的产品品质和应用范围,探索了白土和活性炭吸附剂吸附脱色和催化加氢脱色以及这两种方法的组合对其脱色效果的影响。通过考察脱色过程的各种影响因素,发现单用吸附脱色时,活性炭比白土脱色效果好;原料色度较低时,用吸附脱色或催化加氢脱色都能达到较好的脱色效果;原料色度较高时则需要使用这两种方法的组合工艺才能得到理想效果。     

Biodegradation and detoxification potential of rotating biological contactor (RBC) with Irpex lacteus for remediation of dye-containing wastewater

Use of fungal organisms in rotating biological contactors (RBC) for bioremediation of liquid industrial wastes has so far been limited in spite of their significant biodegradation potential. The purpose was to investigate the power of RBC using Irpex lacteus for decolorization and detoxification of industrial dyes and dyeing textile liquors. Recalcitrant dye Methylene Blue (150 mg L⁻¹) was decolorized within 70 days, its mutagenicity removed, and the biological toxicity decreased more than 10-fold. I. lacteus biofilm in the RBC completely decolorized within 26 and 47 days dyeing liquors containing disperse or reactive dyes adjusted to pH4.5 and 5-fold diluted with the growth medium, respectively. Their respective biological toxicity values were reduced 10- to 10⁴-fold in dependence of the test used. A battery of toxicity tests comprising Vibrio fisheri, Lemna minor and Sinapis alba was efficient to monitor the toxicity of textile dyes and wastewaters. Strong decolorization and detoxification power of RBC using I. lacteus biofilms was demonstrated.     

TiO_2/ZnO复合膜-H_2O_2光催化体系对甲基橙废水的降解脱色

采用仿生合成法制备TiO2/ZnO复合膜光催化剂,并以氙灯模拟日光光源,甲基橙为模型反应物,研究了催化剂投加量、H2O2投加量、溶液初始浓度、pH值和催化剂重复使用等因素对H2O2协同光解脱色甲基橙效率的影响。结果表明,当pH值为6,催化剂投加量为0.7 g/L,H2O2投加量为3.90 mmol/L时,对初始质量浓度为15 mg/L的甲基橙废水,130 min内脱色率达100%。酸性对光催化反应有促进作用,碱性对反应有抑制作用。催化剂重复使用5次后,处理130 min对甲基橙染料废水的脱色率仍可超过70%。     

Fenton试剂对偶氮染料活性黑5的脱色研究

以活性黑5染料溶液为研究对象,通过匹交实验确定了Fenton反应中各影响因子的最佳操作条件为：染料初殆浓度=50mg／L,pH=4,H2O2浓度=5．78mg／L,Fe^2＋浓度=9．52mg／L。同时考察了反应时间、溶液pH值、H2O2浓度、Fe^2＋浓度、染料初始浓度对脱色效率的影响。实验表明脱包反应在15min内基本完成,Fenton试剂能在较宽的pH范围内保持较好的脱色效果。增加H202浓度可以提高活性黑5溶液脱色率,但超过5．78mg／L后效果捉高不明显。在6.16～16．24mg／L的范围内,Fe^2＋浓度对脱色效果的影响不显著。染料脱色率随染料初始浓度的升高而降低。     

明胶微球的制备及其对直接染料脱色性能研究

以明胶为原料,戊二醛为交联剂,采用乳化交联法制备明胶微球,利用扫描电镜(SEM)和激光粒度分析仪对明胶微球进行表征.探讨了搅拌速度、明胶用量、水油相体积比和乳化剂用量等制备条件对微球粒径的影响,结果表明:微球粒径随搅拌速度和乳化剂用量的增大而减小;随明胶用量和水油相体积比的减小而减小.同时选取了3种常见直接染料直接大红4BE、直接蓝2B和直接黄R,研究明胶微球对直接染料的脱色性能,结果表明:明胶微球对直接染料脱色性能良好,具有潜在的应用前景.