三维激光扫描技术在引水隧洞检修中的应用

三维激光扫描技术是国际上近年发展的一项集光、电和计算机技术于一体的新技术,利用该技术可以快速、精确地获取空间数据。锦屏二级水电站引水隧洞放空检修时发现少数洞内存在混凝土破损情况,但受时间与费用等因素限制,难于以采用常规手段详细检查混凝土表面缺陷与变形等问题。通过采用三维激光扫描技术对隧洞进行全断面扫描,及时探查了混凝土表面的缺陷并进行了处理,确保了工程安全运行;同时,还得到混凝土表面的三维坐标信息,建立了混凝土表面缺陷基准数据库,可为后续进一步分析混凝土表面缺陷的变化情况提供参考。     

Deformation similarity measurement in quasi-conformal shape space

This paper presents a novel approach based on the shape space concept to classify deformations of 3D models. A new quasi-conformal metric is introduced which measures the curvature changes at each vertex of each pose during the deformation. The shapes with similar deformation patterns follow a similar deformation curve in shape space. Energy functional of the deformation curve is minimized to calculate the geodesic curve connecting two shapes on the shape space manifold. The geodesic distance illustrates the similarity between two shapes, which is used to compute the similarity between the deformations. We applied our method to classify the left ventricle deformations of myopathic and control subjects, and the sensitivity and specificity of our method were 88.8% and 85.7%, which are higher than other methods based on the left ventricle cavity, which shows our method can quantify the similarity and disparity of the left ventricle motion well.     

基于NoSQL数据库的大数据存储技术的研究与应用

实际工程中采集和处理的数据量特别大,这对传统数据库技术提出巨大挑战。针对传统关系型数据库存储速度慢、对硬件要求高的缺点,提出一种以NoSQL数据库为基础的大数据处理方法,打破了传统数据库的关系模型,数据以一种自由的方式存储,而不依赖固定的表结构。该方法主要是将经验模态分解并与NoSQL数据库技术相结合,应用于大型结构件的变形监测中,构建出一个基于NoSQL数据库系统的大型结构件变形监测系统。仿真结果表明,该方法可以实现大型结构件变形监测数据的实时处理,在计算收敛性、算法稳定性和处理速度上都优于传统数据库技术。     

Mixing in the transition flow regime with helical ribbon agitators

The effects of the non-Newtonian properties on the effective deformation rate, mixing and circulation times and flow behaviour have been investigated in the transition flow regime of mixing systems. Based on the equivalent Couette flow, three models are proposed and are shown to predict similar and drastic increases of the effective deformation rate with the impeller rotational speed in the transition regime. The predictions are shown to fit very well data obtained for various non-Newtonian fluids mixed with helical ribbon agitators, and with literature data for anchor, blade turbine and flat disc agitators. The elasticity along with shear-thinning properties appear to have slight effects on the dimensionless mixing and circulation times in the transition regime, whereas their effects in the laminar regime are quite drastic, as reported by others.     

Time Deformation,Continuous Euler Processes and Forecasting

Abstract. A continuous Euler model has time‐varying coefficients. Through a logarithmic time transformation, a continuous Euler model can be transformed to a continuous autoregressive (AR) model. By using the continuous Kalman filtering through the Laplace method, this article explores the data application of a continuous Euler process. This time deformation of an Euler process deforms specific time‐variant (non‐stationary) behaviour to time‐invariant (stationary) data on the deformed time scale. With these time‐invariant data on the transformed time scale, one may use traditional tools to conduct parameter estimation and forecasts. The obtained results can then be transformed back to the original time scale. Simulated data and actual data such as bat echolocation and the US residential investment growth are used to demonstrate the usefulness of time deformation in forecasting. The results indicate that fitting a traditional autoregressive moving‐average (ARMA) model on an Euler data set without imposing time transformation leads to forecasts that are out of phase while the forecasts of an Euler model stay mostly in phase.     

基于曲面形变的三维人脸样本配准

三维人脸样本是人脸识别、人脸动画等领域进行模型训练、算法设计及性能比较的重要数据平台。为了提高三维人脸样本的配准效果和配准速度,提出一种基于曲面变形的三维人脸样本配准方法。该方法通过对标准化样本实施一系列的变形操作来建立原始样本与标准样本之间的对应关系。然后基于该对应关系对原始样本进行配准处理,在处理过程中使用统计方法对样本上的毛刺点和空洞进行修补。实验结果表明,使用该方法可以快速、有效地对不同格式的原始样本进行配准。     

玻璃钢件固化成型中变形现象的剖析

结合实例剖析由产品结构、成型工艺和工艺装备等主要因素影响的复合夹层结构玻璃钢件和实体玻璃钢件在固化成型中的变形现象，并指出了预防变形的各相应有效措施。     

曲线拟合法在热变形温度与维卡软化点测定仪中的应用

通过试验和分析提出了在热变形温度与维卡软化点测定仪中应用温度曲线拟合的测定方法，介绍了拟合方程系数的在线修正方法。通过与其他传统温度测量方法的试验结果比较，验证了采用曲线拟合方法在动态温度测量中的优越性。同时还扼要叙述了系统相关部分的软硬件实现原理。     

软弱破碎围岩隧道二衬施作的合理时机判别研究

为了合理判别软弱破碎围岩隧道的二衬施作时机,结合工程实践,通过洞室拱顶沉降和边墙变形收敛的现场监控量测,提出了利用围岩-初支系统变形实测数据判别软弱破碎围岩隧道二衬施作合理时机的考虑支护是否保守的五级速率比值法并研发了相应的软件,并通过工程实例进行了成功验证。研究表明：1研制的软件操作具有界面简洁、友好,以及操作简单易用的特点,具有测点围岩-初支系统位移和收敛的现场监测数据的录入、储存、修改和管理等功能,能方便地进行软弱破碎围岩隧道的二衬合理时机判别;2通过工程实例验证分析表明,提出的方法是可行的,与现行的二衬时机选择的方法本质上是相同的,但更加具有可操作性,研究成果可以为同类型隧道的二衬时机选择提供可资借鉴的方法。     

优化变形能的平面多边形同构剖分

平面多边形间的同构三角剖分是平面形状渐进过渡与插值的基础,降低对应三角形的变形程度是获得高质量应用的关键.文中提出一种基于变形能优化的2个平面多边形的同构剖分算法,其中包含同构剖分生成和变形能最小化2个模块.首先根据用户指定的对应特征点对多边形进行顶点重采样,得到顶点一一对应的2个多边形;然后利用带约束的Delaunay剖分对其中的一个多边形进行三角化,得到源网格;再用重心坐标将源网格的内部顶点嵌入到另一个多边形得到同构剖分(目标网格);最后逐一检查三角形的变形能,对源网格中变形能超过阈值的三角形进行细分,用同构剖分模块生成新的目标网格.实验及数据统计分析表明,该算法可以得到较好的同构三角剖分,提升网格质量,并能很好地避免纹理细节失真.