Deformation and failure study of surrounding rocks of dynamic pressure roadways in deep mines

In order to understand the change rules of stress-displacement in surrounding rocks of dynamic pressure roadways in deep mines and to obtain a theoretical basis for analyses of roadway stability and designs of support,we established a coupling equation of adjacent rock strength,mining stress and supporting resistance on the basis of an elastic-plastic theory of mechanics.We obtained an analytical solution for stress and displacement distribution of elastic and plastic regions in surrounding rock of dynamic pressure roadway..Based on this theory,we have analyzed the changes in stress-displacement in elastic and plastic regions of surrounding rocks of dynamic pressure roadways in the Haizi Coal Mine.The results show that:1) radial and tangential stress change violently within the first 4 m from the inner surface of a roadway after excavation;radial stress increases while tangential stress decreases within a range of about 6 m from the inner surface of the roadway as a function of q3;2) radial and tangential stress increase with an increase in the mining pressure coefficient k;the increase in the rate of tangential stress is greater than that of radial stress;3) the radial displacement of the inner surface of roadways decreases with an increase in q3,provided that k remains unchanged.     

Deformation behavior and microstructure of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr alloy during hot deformation

The hot deformation behavior and microstructures of Al-7055 commercial alloy were investigated by axisymmetric hot compression at temperatures ranging from 300°C to 450°C and strain rates from 10-2 to 10 s-1,respectively.Microstructures of deformed 7055 alloy were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The dependence of peak stress on deformation temperature and strain rate can be expressed by the hyperbolic-sine type equation.The hot deformation activation energy of the alloy is 146 kJ/mol....     

高速滚珠丝杠副弹性变形的有限元分析

对于高速滚珠丝杠副,考虑螺旋升角的影响,建立了滚珠丝杠副的受力模型,利用有限元方法分析计算了螺旋升角对滚珠丝杠副弹性变形的影响.结果表明,随着螺旋升角的增大,滚珠丝杠副的法向弹性变形量变化不大,而轴向弹性变形量减少,更有利于提高定位精度.     

置换率对刚-柔性桩复合地基的影响

为了研究桩置换率对刚-柔性桩复合地基性能的影响程度,在温州地区进行了多个大型刚-柔性桩复合地基静荷载试验.在静荷载试验中对刚性承压板下压力盒进行同步检测,根据检测成果比较不同置换率下刚-柔性桩复合地基沉降情况,分析置换率对刚-柔性桩复合地基的桩土应力、桩土应力比以及荷载分担比的影响.检测结果表明:复合地基中刚性桩置换率对沉降特性影响较大,增大刚性桩置换率会明显减小沉降.刚-柔性桩复合地基中刚性桩在承载方面发挥重要作用,刚性桩置换率越高作用越明显.复合变形模量随复合地基中桩置换率减小而减小.刚性桩置换率越高,刚性桩承载力发挥度越小,柔性桩承载力发挥度越大,土承载力发挥度越小.     

Constitutive equations and finite element implementation of strain localization in sand deformation

A recently proposed model coupling with the solid-fluid of the saturated sand was utilized to study the deformation band. Based on the critical state plasticity model by Borja and Andrade, the hydraulic conductivity tensor was naturally treated as a function of the spatial discretization matrix about the displacement and the stress field, allowing a more realistic representation of the physical phenomenon. The fully Lagrangian form of the Darcy law was resolved by Piola algorithm, and then the flow law was gained, leading to the implementation of a modified model of the saturated sand. Then the criterion for the onset of localization was derived and utilized to detect instability. The constitutive model was implemented in a finite element program coded by FORTRAN, which was used to predict the formation and development of shear bands in plane strain compression of saturated sand. At last, the formation mechanism of the shear band was discussed. It is shown that the model works well, and the simulation sample bifurcates at 1.18% axial strain, which is in a good qualitative agreement with the experiment. The pore pressure greatly affects the onset and development of the deformation band, and it obviously increases around the localization-prone regions with the direction toward the outer side of the normal of the shear band, while the pore stress flows nearly horizontally and is distributed equally far away the shear band region. Foundation item: Project(2006G007-C) supported by the Foundation of the Science and Technology Section of Ministry of Railway of China; Project(77206) supported by the Excellent PhD Thesis Innovation Foundation of Central South University, China     

Deformation characteristics of surrounding rock of broken and soft rock roadway

A similar material model and a numerical simulation were constructed and are described herein. The deformation and failure of surrounding rock of broken and soft roadway are studied by using these models. The deformation of the roof and floor, the relative deformation of the two sides and the deformation of the deep surrounding rock are predicted using the model. Measurements in a working mine are compared to the results of the models. The results show that the surrounding rock shows clear rheological features under high stress conditions. Deformation is unequally distributed across the whole section. The surrounding rock exhibited three deformation stages: displacement caused by stress concentration, rheological displacement after the digging effects had stabilized and displacement caused by supporting pressure of the roadway. Floor heave was serious, accounting for 65% of the total deformation of the roof and floor. Floor heave is the main reason for failure of the surrounding rock. The reasons for deformation of the surrounding rock are discussed based on the similar material and numerical simulations.     

地下连续墙施工变形监测与结果分析

以抚州市电力大厦为例,监测其地下连续墙的水平位移和沉降监测。从水平位移监测值来看,北侧的水平位移较大,D8的位移达到预警值,D5临近预警值,为此,在1层开挖位移增加值较大处（深度为4．2m）加大对部分观测点的观测频数,并加强北面的支护体系,增加角支撑,并在长边增加2根对撑。沉降变化曲线表明：地下连续墙墙顶在整个开挖过程中存在一个波浪式的抬升现象。除第V阶段开挖过程因开挖面积及土方量均较小、反应不明显外,伴随着每次挖土过程地下连续墙墙顶均有一次明显的抬升过程,在楼板的制作和养护期间,墙顶先下沉后逐渐趋于稳定,大底板浇筑后墙顶又逐渐下沉。     

混凝土坝裂缝变形的不确定性分析模型

混凝土坝裂缝的发生和发展受到不确定因素影响。将大坝系统及其安全监控看作一个受诸多因素影响的不确定性系统,结合裂缝实测资料,应用近似推理模型和信息分配法,建立了裂缝变形的不确定性分析模型。     

基于灰色残差GM（1，1）模型的建筑物沉降预测的研究

针对现代高层建筑进行沉降观测,对其未来的变形趋势进行准确地预测具有重要的意义。针对传统灰色GM（1,1）模型存在的模型精度不高的问题,提出了灰色残差GM（1,1）模型,并将其应用于对建筑物的沉降变形进行定量分析。通过与原始模型的对比分析可以发现,灰色残差模型在精度上有了显著的提高,更加适用于基础沉降的预测,具有很好的工程应用价值。     

地基弹性反力与板式基础共同工作的精确算法

推导了一种精确的地基弹性反力与板式基础共同工作的计算方法.本方法引入了地基弹性反力刚度矩阵的概念,与传统的计算方法相比理论上具有更高的精度.结合具体算例,将本算法和传统算法的结果进行对比表明,这一新算法是有效的,且将对更加精确地计算基础变形起到积极作用.