Youth gambling behaviors: An examination of the role of resilience.

The study of resilient children has overturned many deficit-focused models concerning the ontogenesis of children raised in adversity. This study explored the relationship between risk and protective factors, resilience, and youth gambling behavior. More specifically, this study examined the relative contribution of various risk and protective domains in relation to problem gambling behavior and examined whether youth identified as resilient (high risk exposure- high internalized protection) were as likely as those identified as vulnerable (high risk exposure-low internalized protection) to engage in excessive gambling behavior. The sample consisted of 1,273 students ages 12 to 19. The findings demonstrated that risk and protective factors each provide a unique contribution to the prediction model of gambling problems. Resilient and vulnerable youth differed significantly in their self-reported gambling severity. As well, resilient youth were not statistically distinguishable from low-risk exposure groups in terms of their gambling severity. Findings are interpreted with respect to resilience and prevention research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

变形观测与高精度测量机器人系统

介绍了中南大学自行研制开发的高精度测量机器人系统的组成，工作原理，以及该系统实现高精度观测所采取的主要措施；仪器室内检定，野外边频同测，高精度气象改正，周日观测等，同时以某电站大坝的变形观测为例，简单介绍该系统可达到的精度及工程应用领域。     

热压/热变形Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe纳米双相永磁体的研究

为了制备各向异性块状Nd2Fe14B／α—Fe纳米双相永磁体，研究了热压／热变形工艺参数与样品微观组织结构、磁性能之间的关系。结果表明，饱和磁化强度Js随模压温度的升高而提高；而剩磁Jr、内禀矫顽力Hcj和最大磁能积(BH)max开始都随模压温度的升高而上升，但超过一定温度后反而降低；同时提高热压压力会使磁性能增加，而热变形温度对磁性能影响很小。热变形后样品垂直于压力方向的磁性能略高于平行于压力方向，呈现出轻微的各向异性。Nd2Fe14B／α—Fe纳米双相永磁材料在热压／热变形后没有产生晶粒的择优长大，在晶体学上仍然是各向同性的。     

大塑性变形制备纳米结构金属

细化晶粒是改善材料性能的有效手段，传统的压力加工技术(如轧制、挤压、拉拔和锻造等)可以细化晶粒(微米量级)。纳米结构金属由于具有很小的晶粒尺寸(20-500nm)和独特的缺陷结构，从而表现出优异的物理—力学性能。大塑性变形(SPD)具有将铸态粗晶金属的晶粒细化到纳米量级的巨大潜力，近年来已引起人们的极大关注。介绍了4种大塑性变形制备纳米结构金属的方法、原理、变形特点及应用，分析了纳米结构金属的强度和超塑性变形特征，以及当前研究中存在的主要问题，并对大塑性变形技术的应用前景进行了展望。     

难处理金矿石加石灰焙烧焙砂中CaS的消除

介绍了用空气氧化预浸加石灰焙烧焙砂中的CaS，以消除其对金氰化的影响。预浸后金的氰化浸出率可从58％提高到80％以上。     

Study on Hot Deformation Cracks of Steel D2 Using Procesing Map

ＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＨｏｔＤｅｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎＣｒａｃｋｓｏｆＳｔｅｅｌＤ２ＵｓｉｎｇＰｒｏｃｅｓｉｎｇＭａｐＧａｏＳｈａｎ，ＬｉｕＸｉａｎｇｈｕａ，ＷａｎｇＧｕｏｄｏｎｇＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＴｈｅｈｏｔｄｅｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒｓｏｆｓｔｅｅｌ...     

高效率平面磁控溅射器的研制

介绍一种新型磁控溅射装置。它采用两块极性相对的环状磁铁的设计方法，通过扩大靶表面的等离子放电区域面积，使传统磁控溅射枪使用中经常受到的两个限制──溅射速率与靶的利用率得到了较大的改善。实验中铜靶在溅射功率密度为11W／cm~2时溅射速率约为800nm／min，如果继续提高功率则可获得更高的速率。而靶的利用率可达64％左右。另外，在认为出射粒子符合cos~nθ分布的前提下，发现当n＝3．3时，实验数据和理论数据符合得较好。     

内蒙古大青山麻粒岩相糜棱岩石英的变形行为

在内蒙古大青山地区发育一套高温区域变质岩──麻粒岩，在这高温变质岩内有一系列的糜棱岩带．通过对糜棱岩带中石英的研究，对比深部地壳与浅部地壳石英的变形特点，获得一些新的认识．对石英显微构造、动态重结晶、TEM研究及石英岩组学方面进行了研究，发现石英的塑性变形显著，以缎带石英产出，发育各种塑性变形的显微构造，变形带、波状消光和亚颗粒显著：TEM观察到石英中有直线状的位错．岩组学研究显示出石英高温变形和多期构造叠加的特点．     

A simple conceptual model for predicting the dissolution of phosphate rock in soils

Laboratory experimental and literature data were integrated to develop a simple, conceptual model to describe and predict the dissolution of a reactive phosphate rock (Gafsa phosphate rock, GPR) in soils. The model showed that initial solution Ca concentration strongly influences the time required for a single application of GPR (at 30 kgP ha^?1) to dissolve. The model predicts that all of the GPR will dissolve within a year of application in an unlimed, acid (pH_w 4.5) loam. However, if the soil has previously been limed to (pH_w 5.8, and contains permanent charge only, the model predicts that only about 50% of the GPR would have dissolved by the end of the second year after application. On the other hand, if a previously limed soil ((pH_w 5.8) contains variable-charge components, the model predicts that virtually all of the GPR would have dissolved in this soil by the end of the second year after application. These results emphasise that, even in the presence of a high proton supply, solution Ca has an overriding influence on the dissolution of GPR. The faster rate of GPR dissolution in the limed soil with variable charge, compared to that in the limed soil with permanent charge only, demonstrates the ability of the variable-charge component of soil to act as a sink for some of the lime-derived Ca. According to the solubility product principle, this allows more GPR to dissolve. Because of the generally stronger buffering of soil for P than for Ca, a relatively large proportion of any P removed by leaching and plant uptake is buffered by the sorbed phase. Consequently, the influence of leaching and plant uptake on GPR dissolution is attributed primarily to the removal of the relatively less-strongly buffered Ca.     

川东地区井下套管损坏的原因分析及对策

本文就近年来在钻井施工中遇到的４口井发套管损坏的问题进行了原因分析，提出了防止井下套管损坏对策。