裂隙岩体渗透特征的研究

采用力学理论研究了裂隙岩体渗透系数随埋深及水压力的变化规律，得出渗透系怀埋深水及水压力的关系式。另外，将裂隙岩体介质假设为互相平行的几组裂隙网络，提出了应力与渗流的耦合模型，得出了裂隙岩体与三向应力的关系式。     

瞬变电磁测深在工程勘察中的应用

本文介绍了瞬变电磁测深的基本原理、方法技术及其在黄河西霞院坝址勘察中的应用效果.     

小底坡梯形明渠临界水深求法探讨

本文提出了一条求解小底坡梯形明渠临界水深的新途径——预估修正法。方法以简单的数值逼近原理为基础,没有繁复的数学推导,也不需要物理假设,所以使用时不必依赖图表。数值实践证明:该方法简单易行,且仍能保证较高的精度,可供工程实际推广应用。     

Improving Depth Image Acquisition Using Polarized Light

Control of the source and analysis of the polarization properties of the reflected light in a laser rangefinder based on triangulation offer a potential solution to the problem of distinguishing the primary laser stripe from unwanted inter-reflections caused by holes and concavities on metal surfaces. In this paper, the established polarization theory of first and subsequent inter-reflections from metallic surfaces is reviewed. This provides a point of comparison for ellipsometric measurements which verify the particular applicability of the microfacet surface model in our context. We demonstrate how a conventional laser rangefinder can be modified to discriminate between primary and secondary reflections. However, our experiments on third and subsequent reflections show that more complex models are required to provide complete resolution of the problem. Furthermore, error analysis demonstrates the requirement for very precise control of the source and receiving optoelectronics. We conclude by demonstrating the acquisition of a depth image with and without polarization optics and discuss the significance of our results for laser depth measurement.     

裸露穿河管道在压重块保护下的冲刷特性

水流冲刷引起河床变形的不确定性对水下穿越管道的安全运行造成威胁.为了探究裸露穿河管道在压重块保护措施下的冲刷特性,通过水槽模型试验,研究压重块长度、压重块布置间距、水流流速、河道水深等因素对管道周围河床地形和冲刷深度的影响.试验结果表明:水下穿越管道在压重块保护措施下的冲刷过程可分为冲刷坑形成、压重块迎流侧悬空、管道迎...     

Nanometer-level autofocus air gauge

A noninvasive, pneumatic, low-flow, differential, hot-wire, top-surface sensing device is described and demonstrated for use in the Etec ALTA^® mask and reticle writer. This apparatus, a nanometer-level autofocus air gauge, is capable of sensing the distance from the final objective lens to the top surface of the photoresist with greater than 0.1 μm accuracy, 100-Hz bandwidth, and less than 10 nm of peak-to-peak noise. It can do this quite independent of the resist’s surface or bulk properties, such as the dielectric constant. The engineering requirements and efficacy of hot-wire sensing are developed and implemented. The theory, in general, for modeling hot wires in this device, as well as the fundamental time constants, transmission line effects, and constraints, are discussed. The necessary electronic circuitry for creating constant temperature bridges using hot wires and running them differentially is also developed and implemented. Results and data are included.     

叠前深度偏移的应用范围和几点认识

讨论了叠前深度偏移解决地质成像的应用范围,从时间偏移和深度偏移的基本概念出发,并给出了两个量板;从水平相对误差和垂直相对误差两方面给出了对何种地质构造的成像需使用深度偏移。深度偏移着重解决倾斜的、速度横向变化的地层以下构造的成像问题。结合了波动理论和射线理论的观点,引入一种基于拉东—高斯射束原理的深度偏移方法,这有助于解决我国陆相沉积构造的成像问题。深度偏移成功的关键是建立精确的地下速度模型,所以在文中还分析了多种速度建模的方法。     

牙形石色变在碳酸盐岩油气田勘探中的应用

以四川盆地上二叠统为例,论述牙形石色变指标ＣＡＩ在碳酸盐岩油气田勘探中的应用。由２０余条实测剖面,获取了相应的ＣＡＩ值,据此划分了盆地上二叠统有机质热变质的成熟期,认为广元、北川、安县一带处于成熟期;川中、川南和川东等地区处于高成熟期;成都、南充、绵阳等地区处于过成熟期。根据ＣＡＩ值推算了盆地各地区的古地温,认为高值（１７０～４００℃）区在绵阳、成都、南充、达县及旺苍等地区;低值（５０～１００℃）区在广元至江油以北地区;川东、川南广大地区为１３０～２００℃。根据ＣＡＩ值及古地温,推算出上二叠统顶面埋藏深度,编制了埋深等值线图,与实测结果基本吻合。综合以上推算结果,预测四川盆地上二叠统的原油、凝析油主要分布在龙门山前缘带,其余地区主要产天然气。图３表５参６（梁大新摘）     

利用镜质体反射率数据估算地层剥蚀厚度

认为依照Ｄｏｗ（１９７７ ） 提出的直接利用镜质体反射率数据估算不整合面地层抬升与剥蚀厚度的方法所获得的计算结果并非不整合面地层剥蚀厚度,其物理意义相当于正断层错动造成的地层缺失厚度。强调了古地热梯度随时间的变化及其在剥蚀厚度估算中的意义;阐明利用镜质体反射率数据计算古地热梯度、进而估算剥蚀厚度的方法;通过对Ｄｏｗ（１９７７） 的井下数据进行的再评估, 演示了此方法的实际操作过程;为使此方法简便易用,给出了用于镜质体反射率与最高古地温换算的ＲｏＴｔ 曲线图解。     

建筑安装工程施工图设计与管理系统的实现

对安装工程施工图综合设计与管理系统的背景、总体设计作简要的介绍,由传统的二维图生成三维建筑构造图,建筑师可直接在三维空间设计水、风、电等安装子系统,进行碰撞检查和工程量统计,并对由三维模型图自动生成二维施工图的实现技术作较为详尽的叙述。