基于NB-IoT的海岛海水淡化远程监控系统

针对我国海岛海水淡化设备无人少人值守、集中监管力度不足、设备运行可靠性差以及设备维护检修时效性差等问题,设计开发了一套海水淡化远程监控系统.通过对比主流通信手段和方式,从实用性、经济性、可靠性角度出发遴选窄带物联网(NB-IoT)作为该套监控系统的通信组网方式;从系统硬件设计和软件开发两个方面进行详细阐述,硬件方面重点...     

蒸馏／反渗透海水淡化及其耦合工艺研究

海水淡化是解决淡水危机的重要途径，新工艺、新型膜材料及新能源的利用，有望进一步降低海水淡化成本。介绍了多效蒸发、多级闪蒸、压气蒸馏、反渗透等海水淡化工艺以及基于膜技术的海水淡化集成工艺的最新进展，分析了利用风能、太阳能、核能和化学热能等可替代能源进行海水淡化的可能性，在此基础上，提出了海水淡化未来的发展方向。     

国外反渗透淡化系统余压回收技术研究概况

综述了目前世界上较先进的几种用于反渗透淡化系统的余压回收技术，包括HTC、HPB、WEER、PX、PES及正在研究中的VARI－RO和Clark Pump技术，介绍了其工作原理、技术特点和应用情况，并指出了中国开展相关技术研究的必要性和紧迫性。     

Performance of solar still with a concave wick evaporation surface

Surfaces used for evaporation and condensation phenomenon play important roles in the performance of basin type solar still. In the present study, a concave wick surface was used for evaporation, whereas four sides of a pyramid shaped still were used for condensation. Use of jute wick increased the amount of absorbed solar radiation and enhanced the evaporation surface area. A concave shaped wick surface increases the evaporation area due to the capillary effect. Results show that average distillate productivity in day time was 4.1 l/m² and a maximum instantaneous system efficiency of 45% and average daily efficiency of 30% were recorded. The maximum hourly yield was 0.5 l/h. m² after solar noon. An estimated cost of 1 l of distillate was 0.065 $ for the presented solar still.     

Performance evaluation of a two-stage silica gel + water adsorption based cooling-cum-desalination system

The first objective of this paper is to show that a single-stage adsorption based cooling-cum-desalination system cannot be used if air cooled heat rejection is used under tropical conditions. This objective is achieved by operating a silica gel + water adsorption chiller first in a single-stage mode and then in a 2-stage mode with 2 beds/stage in each case. The second objective is to improve upon the simulation results obtained earlier by way of empirically describing the thermal wave phenomena during switching of operation of beds between adsorption and desorption and vice versa. Performance indicators, namely, cooling capacity, coefficient of performance and desalinated water output are extracted for various evaporator pressures and half cycle times. The improved simulation model is found to interpret experimental results more closely than the earlier one. Reasons for decline in performance indicators between theoretical and actual scenarios are appraised.     

纳滤预处理反渗透海水淡化研究进展

反渗透(RO)海水淡化是一种有效获取淡水的技术,同时,结垢、浓水处理、能耗等问题制约着反渗透的进一步发展.采用纳滤(NF)作为反渗透的海水淡化预处理工艺,能有效解决反渗透膜结垢问题,并降低能耗,有助于排放浓水的处理.本文从海水淡化预处理纳滤膜的性能、海水淡化纳滤预处理的工艺以及NF-RO与其他方法联用三个方面综述纳滤-反渗透联用进行海水淡化的研究进展.     

ControlLogix5000系统在贵州瓮福新脱盐水项目中的应用

贵州瓮福新脱盐水项目的自动控制系统是以罗克韦尔自动化公司的ControlLogix5000为平台所构成的，实现了对工艺流程的控制。实践证明该系统具有良好的应用效果。本文从系统设计的角度对该系统做了详细的阐述。     

印染废水回用中除盐技术的应用

阐述了印染废水回用中存在盐含量的积累问题，分析了离子交换和膜分高技术在印染废水回用过程中除盐的特点．提出了降低离子交换进水的有机物和盐质量浓度能够最大限度地发挥离子交换在印染废水回用中的技术优势．同时，随着膜使用成本的降低，膜分高技术在印染废水回用上的应用前景光明．     

D-核糖发酵液电渗析脱盐及工艺优化

D--核糖发酵液中残存着大量的无机离子,如不去除会影响后续D--核糖的纯化。目前工业上常采用离子交换树脂脱盐,随着料液含盐量的增加,其脱盐成本也成比例增加,并产生大量的废水,既不经济也不环保。为明确电渗析脱盐是否可行、具体脱盐成本及最佳的脱盐工艺,以D-D-核糖发酵液的滤液为原料,采用均相阳离子交换膜CMX和阴离子交换膜AMX组成的小试设备LANRAN-40-2040,进行了电渗析法脱盐研究。结果表明,将脱盐率控制在54%,产品收率达到97.68%,但当进一步提高脱盐率时,会有一定量的D--核糖渗透到电渗析浓缩室中,且随着运行时间的增加,浓缩室的D--核糖质量浓度增加较快。采用电渗析联合离子交换树脂脱盐工艺比全树脂脱盐工艺产品收率提高了1.9%,节约一半的离子交换树脂及酸碱用量,并减少一半的废水排放,因此为D--核糖的工业生产提供较好的参考。     

酪蛋白酶解液的脱盐纯化方法研究

研究了DA201-C，NKA-Ⅱ，AB-8，XAD1180，XAD16和HZ-816六种大孔吸附树脂在酪蛋白酶解液吸附和解吸附过程中的脱盐作用。在了解树脂物理参数的基础上，通过静态吸附实验，筛选出脱盐效果最佳的树脂和洗脱液，然后进行动态吸附实验研究。结果表明，DA201C对酪蛋白酶解液的脱盐是最佳的，而且采用70％乙醇溶液为洗脱剂时洗脱率和脱盐率均较高。