智能控件化虚拟仪器开发系统建模的研究

介绍了智能虚拟控件及其仪器的有关概念、原理;讨论了基于计算机的系统建模的五元模型;通过对智能控件化虚拟仪器及其开发系统的深入研究,将基于计算机的系统五元模型引入到智能控件化虚拟仪器开发系统的系统建模,提出并详细论述了智能控件化虚拟仪器开发系统的模型。该模型从原理上实现了智能虚拟控件的基本思想,检验了该构想的可行性和先进性。同时,这一模型功能强大,具有很强的扩展性和可操作性,利于系统的继承和分工开发。     

论中国传统女红文化资源的传承和发展

本文从阐述传统女红文化的内涵入手,对女红文化资源面临的危机与表现进行了深入的分析;通过对中国传统女红文化的发展前景进行理论剖析,指出了保护、传承中国传统女红文化资源的必要性,并对传统女红文化的继承和发展提出合理化建议,使中国传统女红文化资源在现代社会得到传承和发展。     

一个基于MVC的通用Client/Server应用开发框架

在论述了应用开发框架的基本概念及优势的基础上,给出了一个基于MVC模式的Client/Server通用应用开发框架,详述了该框架客户端、代理和服务端的主要组成及其实现技术。该框架主要借鉴了目前流行的J2EE和Struts框架原理,利用代理在客户端和服务端转发XML格式的业务数据,在保持传统的Client/Server优势的同时,增强了系统的可扩展性并实现了用户界面和业务逻辑数据的分离,为大型Client/Server应用软件系统开发提供了一个高层次的通用开发平台,大大提高了软件复用度和缩短了软件开发生命周期。     

Electric cooperatives and the political economy of rural electrification in Africa: Insights from Uganda

Rural electrification is a crucial process of enhancing the modern energy access of rural communities which is an important global development goal. Electric cooperatives have played an important role as drivers of rural electrification worldwide, both historically and contemporaneously. The emerging role of cooperatives in rural electrification is yet to be examined in the context of East Africa, a region that experiences serious infrastructure deficits alongside widespread rural poverty. This study adopts a political economy perspective to explore the roles and challenges of cooperatives in rural electrification in Uganda. Through a high-level case study of two electric cooperatives, we show that while the cooperatives can deliver rural electrification, they face a series of political and economic challenges in fulfilling their mission. To enhance rural electrification through cooperatives, the challenges should be addressed by policy solutions: (1) providing more support to rural households that cannot afford electricity; (2) providing further support to cooperatives to avoid overburdening the community; (3) enhancing investment to upgrade the grid and extend its geographical coverage; and (4) exploring new financial and technological options for rural electrification. We expect the findings of this study to be useful to policymakers, implementers, cooperatives, and international donors currently working in rural electrification in Africa and beyond.     

世界主要国家工程科技重大计划与前沿问题综述

本文梳理了近年来世界各主要国家工程科技领域的重大战略计划和措施,简要分析了当前工程科技主要领域发展状况、水平,对主要国家工程科技领域计划的目标、路径与内容进行了比较分析,描绘了工程科技计划关系图、聚焦点和前沿问题。     

Can twice weekly hemodialysis expand patient access under resource constraints?

The convention of prescribing hemodialysis on a thrice weekly schedule began empirically when it seemed that this frequency was convenient and likely to treat symptoms for a majority of patients. Later, when urea was identified as the main target and marker of clearance, studies supported the prevailing notion that thrice weekly dialysis provided appropriate clearance of urea. Today, national guidelines on hemodialysis from most countries recommend patients receive at least thrice weekly therapy. However, resource constraints in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC) have resulted in a substantial proportion of patients using less frequent hemodialysis in these settings. Observational studies of patients on twice weekly dialysis show that twice weekly therapy has noninferior survival rates compared with thrice weekly therapy. In fact, models of urea clearance also show that twice weekly therapy can meet urea clearance “targets” if patients have significant residual function or if they follow a protein‐restricted diet, as may be common in LMIC. Greater reliance on twice weekly therapy, at least at the start of hemodialysis, therefore has potential to reduce health care costs and increase access to renal replacement therapy in low‐resource settings; however, randomized control trials are needed to better understand long‐term outcomes of twice versus thrice weekly therapy.     

探析大学计算机专业教育一体化建设之路

本文就目前大学计算机教育出现的问题进行分析,讨论了信息化社会环境下需建立终身学习的高素质教师协作团队,提出大学计算机教育一体化培养建设的体系结构,并就一体化培养存在的问题进行讨论,就面向工业接轨还是面向科研等教育实践问题提出了个人见解。     

Exploring factors influencing consumers’ behavioral intention to adopt broadband in Malaysia

The purpose of this paper is to examine various normative, attitudinal and control factors influencing consumers’ intention to adopt broadband internet in a developing country such as Malaysia. This study is based on empirical data collected using a self-administered questionnaire relating to the normative, attitudinal and control variables. Structural equation modeling analysis is conducted to test the role of numerous variables on consumers’ behavioral intentions to adopt broadband internet in Malaysia. Results revealed that Primary Influences (PI), Relative Advantage (RA), Hedonic Outcomes (HO), Facilitating Conditions Resources (FCR), and Self-Efficacy (SE) are positively associated with consumers’ Behavioral Intention (BI) to adopt broadband in Malaysia. The significance of this research study is twofold. Practically, this research study provide some useful guidelines to industry players, be it the internet service providers (ISPs) or the policy makers, to understand which are the factors (primary influences, self-efficacy, relative advantage, hedonic outcomes and facilitating conditions resources) that can have an influence on consumers’ intention to adopt broadband technology. It was found that primary influences, self-efficacy and relative advantage are the key determinants that influences consumers’ broadband adoption. From here, practitioners could take into consideration our findings when revising and restructuring their marketing strategy. Theoretically, the research framework used in this study is an extension from the past research models used (i.e. TPB, DOI and MATH). With the newly integrated framework, a greater level of comprehension can be attained with regards to the broadband acceptance among the Malaysian consumers.     

The business value of information technology as measured by technical efficiency: Evidence from country-level data

The value of information technology (IT) in a business production process has long been a debatable issue. Explanation of the so-called “productivity paradox” has been one of the central topics in this arena. Much work has focused on firm-level analyses. This paper investigates IT contribution at a country level, using production theory in microeconomics. It negates the relationship between IT value and productivity based on grouping of countries, when the individual analytical method is applied and technical efficiency is used as the performance criterion. Findings obtained by applying stochastic production frontiers to a comprehensive country-level panel data set suggest that the IT contributions, as determined by the increase or decrease in the technical efficiency, to individual countries differ in magnitude from a production frontier to another, but are robust. It also shows that IT spending does not necessarily improve technical efficiencies of individual countries, regardless of whether they are developed or developing countries, and that given technological changes, the so-called productivity paradox may exist in a country, no matter whether it is a developed or developing nation. Finally, the significant implications of the findings are presented.     

Scientometric Study of the Progress and Development of e-Government Research During the Period 2000–2012

Many countries have implemented changes in public-sector management models, based on the strategic and intensive use of new information and communication technologies. From a critical standpoint, this paper analyzes and characterizes the contributions made by research in the field of e-government, identifying future areas of interest and potentially valuable methodologies. In addition, it compares research efforts focused on developing countries with those concerning developed economies, in order to identify research gaps and possibilities for improvement in the context of e-government research in developing countries. Diverse scientometric approaches are employed in this analysis of papers published by international journals listed in the SSCI index in the fields of Public Administration and of Information Science & Library Science. Our findings reveal the existence of various research gaps and highlight areas that should be addressed in future research, especially in developing countries. Indeed, the research approach to e-government remains immature, focusing on particular cases or dimensions, while little has been done to produce theories or models to clarify and explain the political processes of e-government. In addition, significant differences are found between the impact of scientific output and patterns of scientific production as regards developing and developed countries.