珠江口盆地砂岩侵入体的识别特征及其石油地质意义

对国外报道的砂岩侵入体与中国南海珠江口盆地的岩心、测井曲线和地震反射等资料的对比分析,认为珠江口盆地发育有砂岩侵入现象,其特征在岩心中表现为不同规模的泥岩碎屑,大量的液化和泄水构造以及砂岩褶皱与充填等构造类型;在测井曲线上表现为伽马曲线总体呈箱状,倾角测井呈杂乱状,偶见高陡倾角的特征;在地震剖面上表现为翼状侵入或锥状侵入的反射异常,其反映的砂岩侵入的规模较大,对于小型岩墙和岩床的识别还需要更高的地震分辨率。     

如何搞好清障,疏浚及平圩行洪

论述了搞好清障，疏浚及平圩行洪的措施，并提出了以疏导的治水模式。     

蚁患致崩堤垮坝的因子研究

白蚁隐患是导致我国南方诸省土质堤坝崩塌的主要祸首。本文较详尽地研究了白蚁隐患的形成、发展及其酿成灾难的全过程。     

防波堤U形槽深厚淤泥软基爆破

结合U形槽深厚淤泥软基的地质地形特点,运用爆炸挤淤理论研究新建围堤、防波堤通过U形槽处理深厚淤泥软基的问题,采用修建子堤作业平台,然后侧向拓宽的施工方法,进行U形槽深厚软基爆破的抛填控制参数和爆破参数设计,并优化施工工艺流程,选择了合适的装药设备。工程应用表明,先子堤、后侧向拓宽法爆破处理U形槽深厚软基可以达到设计要求,可为同类淤泥软基爆破提供参考。     

沁河高庄段洪水漫堤二维模拟

根据洪水传播和运动的特性,建立了适合沁河高庄段实际情况的二维数学模型.模型为非结构网格,采用单元中心的有限体积法求解控制水流运动的二维方程.应用此数学模拟方法模拟沁河高庄段洪水漫堤过程.确定了河道糙率,洪泛区选取不同糙率,用此二维模型对高庄河段100年一遇洪水进行模拟计算,得到洪水淹没范围及淹没水深和水流流速.高庄河段100年一遇洪水情况下的淹没深度、淹没面积和观测点淹没过程,可为风险分析和灾害损失评估提供参考依据.     

Experimental study on scour and erosion of blocked dam

This paper presents new experimental data of the erosion rate and sediment transport rate during the processes of dam break caused by overtopping.In order to study the headcut migration,the erosion coe...     

AN EVALUATION OF THE RELATIVE QUALITY OF DIKE POOLS FOR BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES IN THE LOWER MISSOURI RIVER,USA

A habitat‐based aquatic macroinvertebrate study was initiated in the Lower Missouri River to evaluate relative quality and biological condition of dike pool habitats. Water‐quality and sediment‐quality parameters and macroinvertebrate assemblage structure were measured from depositional substrates at 18 sites. Sediment porewater was analysed for ammonia, sulphide, pH and oxidation–reduction potential. Whole sediments were analysed for particle‐size distribution, organic carbon and contaminants. Field water‐quality parameters were measured at subsurface and at the sediment–water interface. Pool area adjacent and downstream from each dike was estimated from aerial photography. Macroinvertebrate biotic condition scores were determined by integrating the following indicator response metrics: % of Ephemeroptera (mayflies), % of Oligochaeta worms, Shannon Diversity Index and total taxa richness. Regression models were developed for predicting macroinvertebrate scores based on individual water‐quality and sediment‐quality variables and a water/sediment‐quality score that integrated all variables. Macroinvertebrate scores generated significant determination coefficients with dike pool area (R² = 0.56), oxidation–reduction potential (R² = 0.81) and water/sediment‐quality score (R² = 0.71). Dissolved oxygen saturation, oxidation–reduction potential and total ammonia in sediment porewater were most important in explaining variation in macroinvertebrate scores. The best two‐variable regression models included dike pool size + the water/sediment‐quality score (R² = 0.84) and dike pool size + oxidation–reduction potential (R² = 0.93). Results indicate that dike pool size and chemistry of sediments and overlying water can be used to evaluate dike pool quality and identify environmental conditions necessary for optimizing diversity and productivity of important aquatic macroinvertebrates. A combination of these variables could be utilized for measuring the success of habitat enhancement activities currently being implemented in this system. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

安广江堤堤防管理探讨

本文通过对安广江堤堤防管理现状分析,提出合理利用堤防资源,发展堤防植被维护技术,提高堤防管理信息化水平的建议对策,力求改变现有堤防管理理念较单一、维护技术落后、管理水平低下的现状,以提高堤防管理水平。     

不同成因洪水下河流交汇处堤防渗流特性研究

为揭示不同洪水成因下河流交汇处堤防渗透特性的差异,依托忆马溪流域双河口交汇河段,首先根据伯努利方程推求干、支流上游分别或同时遭遇10年一遇设计洪水时河流交汇处各特征剖面的设计洪水位及水深,在此基础上以交汇处相应特征剖面堤防为研究对象,采用有限单元法对三种设计洪水位下河流交汇处堤防迎水面特征点孔隙水压力、最大渗透比降等渗透特性进行仿真模拟。仿真结果如下:(1)支流遭遇10年一遇设计洪水时,干流水位、水深高于支流,导致干流堤防孔隙水压力、最大渗透比降偏大,同时干流出口处最易发生渗透破坏;(2)干流单独遭遇或干支流同时遭遇10年一遇设计洪水时,支流水位、水深高于干流,导致支流堤防孔隙水压力、最大渗透比降偏大,此时支流出口处最易发生渗透破坏。由此可见,进行堤防防洪抢险时应根据不同洪水成因突出相应的重点防护区。     

澄饶联围入围河道水污染分析及对策

通过对澄饶联围人围河流进行水质、水量同步监测,计算人围水质污染负荷,调查围内养殖情况,分析了人围河道水环境质量现状及存在的问题,并对联围综合整治提出相应的对策和建议.