The Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Low Carbon Microalloy Steel by High Voltage Electropulse Heating

The low carbon microalloy steel samples were heated to different temperatures by high voltage electropulse discharge heating method. The temperature of sample increases with the discharge current density. Microstructures were observed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results show that coexist microstructure of ultrafine ferrite grain and martensite can be obtained by proper high voltage electropulse discharge heating process parameter. The tensile testing indicate that better mechanical properties were obtained, including 758MPa yield strength, 796MPa ultimate strength and 12% total elongation.     

钛合金表面双层辉光离子渗铝的研究

利用双层辉光渗金属技术，以铝为源极、TC4(Ti-6Al-4V)为阴极、氩气为工作气体，依靠辉光放电和不等电位空心阴极效应在TC4表面形成合金层。采用X射线衍射和辉光放电光谱分析了合金层的相组成及渗层内Al元素的分布．并对其进行硬度测试。结果表明：渗层由Ti3Al和α-Ti组成；铝的含量可达18％；渗层厚度可达13μm；其硬度比经渗铝处理后的有了较大程度的提高。     

Pt/onion-like fullerenes as catalyst for direct methanol fuel cell

Onion-like fullerenes synthesized by arc discharge in water were used as support of Pt nanoparticles as electrocatalytic materials for direct methanol fuel cell. Uniform platinum nanoparticles with the average diameter of about 4.3 nm were well dispersed on the surface of onion-like fullerenes by impregnation-reduction method. The morphologies and microstructures of the as-prepared composites were studied by means of XRD and TEM. Electrochemical analysis shows that this kind of nano material may be an excellent candidate to be used as the support of catalyst for methanol electrochemical oxidation.     

一种新型储能点焊机的研制

介绍一种新型储能点焊机，采用电容恒流充电；电容电压的比较充电控制，有触点无电流换向等项技术，获得了较好的工作效果。     

Probability of precision micro-machining of insulating Si3N4 ceramics by EDM

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is used as a precision machining method for the electrically conductive hard materials with a soft electrode material. But recently we succeeded to machine on insulating material by EDM. The technology is named as an assisting electrode method. The EDMed surface is covered with the electrical conductive layer during discharge. The layer holds the electrical conductivity during discharge. For micro-EDM, the wear of tool electrode becomes lager ratio than the normal machining. So the micro-machining is extremely difficult to get the precision sample.

In this paper to obtain a fine and precise ceramics sample, some trials were carried out considering the EDM conditions, tool electrodes material and assisting electrode materials. Insulating Si₃N₄ ceramics were used for workpiece. The machining properties were estimated by the removal rate and tool wear ratio. To confirm the change of micro-machining process, the discharge waveforms were observed. The micro-machining of the Ø0.05 mm hole could be machined with the commercial sinking electrical discharge machine.     

Evolution of patinas on copper exposed in a suburban area

Copper plates were exposed under sheltered outdoor conditions for up to one year, starting in September 2001 in Musashino City, Tokyo, a suburban area. Following various periods of exposure, the patinas on the plates were characterized to investigate their evolution by using X-ray fluorescence analysis, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy. The difference in the roles of sulfur and chlorine in the early stages of copper patination were identified by analyzing the depth profiles of these two elements. Sulfur was found on top of the patina as cupric sulfates such as posnjakite (Cu₄SO₄(OH)₆ · H₂O) or brochantite (Cu₄SO₄(OH)₆). Brochantite appeared only after 12 months of exposure. In contrast, chlorine was found on the surface after only one month of exposure. It gradually penetrated the patina as the exposure period lengthened, forming copper chloride complexes. Chloride ions accumulated at the patina/copper interface, forming nantokite (CuCl), which promoted corrosion.     

等离子场中工件无辉光渗碳

研究了在等离子场中，工件不做阴极或阳极，因而工件上不产生辉光放电的条件下对工件进行渗碳的工艺。通过对不同温度下，工件无辉光渗碳工艺与辉光离子渗碳工艺研究，证明了等离子场中工件无辉光渗碳工艺的可行性，并从渗碳速度上对以上两种工艺进行了比较。     

In-process evaluation of grit protrusion feature for fine diamond grinding wheel by means of electro-contact discharge dressing

This paper introduces a new in-process evaluation method for grit protrusion feature on wheel surface by monitoring discharge current trace during electro-contact discharge (ECD) dressing of metal-bonded fine diamond grinding wheel. First an impulse discharge machining experiment was carried out to investigate the correlation between metal bond removal and discharge parameters, namely discharge current I_e and discharge pulse duration τ_e. Then ECD dressing experiment for #600 diamond grinding wheel was conduced to analyses the quantitative effect of the discharge parameters (I_e and τ_e), derived from discharge current trace between wheel and dresser (electrode), on grit protrusion feature of wheel surface. The result shows that the grit protrusion feature is sensitive to the discharge parameters (I_e and τ_e) with reference to mean diamond grit size d_gm. Further, the discharge parameters (I_e and τ_e) in ECD dressing should conform to the discharge variables’ requirement of , by which the grit protrusion feature may be evaluated and the dressing process variables may be determined. Finally, the in-process evaluation method was successfully applied to ECD dressing of #1500 diamond grinding wheel for valid grinding of hard-brittle materials.     

常压等离子体渗氮工艺的研究

利用介质阻挡放电原理，在自行研制的设备上进行了常压非平衡等离子体渗氮。研究表明，在等离子环境中，试样表面能迅速获得很深的渗层和白亮层，而电场外试样几乎无渗层。说明电场内气体电离率高，活性粒子浓度高。整个工艺过程操作简便，是一种很有发展前景的新工艺。