变压器溶解气体在线监测装置的应用及思考

变压器油中溶解气体气相色谱分析(DGA)在有效检测变压器各类故障方面发挥了毋容置疑的作用。同时各种新型溶解气体在线监测技术的开发、应用也日渐成为确保变压器状态检修工作有效开展的一个重要前提,笔者简要介绍了某发电厂目前变压器溶解气体在线监测装置的应用状况。     

用于变压器在线监测的傅里叶红外定量分析

目前,色谱柱和气敏传感器已广泛应用于变压器油中溶解气体在线监测装置中。但这些装置存在消耗载气、需定期标定的不足。基于傅里叶红外技术的气体分析具有准确度高、免标定、免消耗气体的优点,对其在变压器油中溶解气体在线监测中的应用进行了研究。设计了“流动气体法”实验装置,针对故障诊断中最重要的C2H2,用傅里叶红外光谱仪采集了吸收谱;对输出特性进行了曲线拟合,并讨论了浓度范围和定量特征的选取对定量准确度的影响;此外,还试验了傅里叶红外光谱的最低检测限。实验及计算结果表明,在低浓度区用峰高度、高浓度区用峰面积作为定量特征,用三次多项式对傅里叶红外光谱的输出特性进行拟合,有利于提高准确度;使用2.4m气体池的最低检测限可以达到0.3μL/L以下,10cm气体池的最低检测限在3μL/L以下。     

先进钢铁材料的技术进展

从钢铁材料学科的理论和技术发展角度出发,结合市场发展的需求,论述了微合金化钢、超细晶粒钢、氮合金化不锈钢、钢材组织性能预报和材料信息化技术等先进钢铁材料的技术进展。     

变压器油中溶解气体在线监测系统的应用

介绍了变压器油中溶解气体在线监测系统在北京电网的应用现状,指出了目前所采 用的在线监测装置存在的优、缺点,并对在线监测系统的应用前景进行了展望。     

100MW燃煤火电机组SNCR脱硝技术改造

分析比较了选择性催化还原(SCR)和选择性非催化还原(SNCR)烟气脱硝技术,在此基础上,针对柳林电厂100MW机组氮氧化物排放超标问题,阐述了选用SNCR烟气脱销技术的原因,以及实施要点和效果。     

双尺度低氮燃烧技术在国产330MW机组的应用

为了达到宁夏地区要求现役330MW级别火电机组NOx排放值100mg／Nm^3以下和改善环境的目的,青铜峡铝业发电有限责任公司对1号锅炉的燃烧器进行技术改造。结果表明：改造后锅炉在330MW负荷下NOx排放平均值为240mg／Nm^3,比改造前降4R,45％;锅炉效率达到93．39％（高于设计值0．01％）、飞灰含碳量2．98％（低于设计值0．02％）、过热器减温水量和再热器减温水量均小于设计值;有效解决了锅炉改造前的结焦和超温现象。     

Electrical breakdown characteristics of nitrogen and air at cryogenic temperature in a quasi‐uniform electric field

The breakdown voltages of the longer‐gap configurations in gaseous nitrogen and air that are necessary in designing superconducting electrical power apparatuses are measured at temperatures of 293 and 93 K. The quasi‐uniform electric field made by a sphere‐to‐sphere electrode with a diameter of 150 mm and a gap length of about 10 to 100 mm is used in the measurement of the breakdown voltages. When 50‐Hz ac and dc voltages are applied to the sphere‐to‐sphere gap, the breakdown voltages in nitrogen and air obey Paschen's law even at cryogenic temperatures (93 K). When a 1.4/50‐μs lightning impulse voltage is applied to the gap, the 50% breakdown voltage of nitrogen also obeys Paschen's law under UV irradiation of the cathode electrode. However, the breakdown voltage in air at 93 K is higher in the case of lightning impulse voltage applications, and the delay from impulse voltage application to breakdown occurrence is apparently longer at 93 K than at 293 K. © 2000 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 132(4): 28–33, 2000     

超声定位技术在变压器故障诊断中的应用

以某电厂500kV变压器局部放电故障为例,介绍了变压器故障找寻的过程。首先通过变压器油中溶解气体确定故障性质,然后结合变压器长时感应耐压测局部放电、超声波定位确定故障部位,最后综合变压器返厂解体检查的情况,确定了故障原因。综上所述,结合现场实践,提出了变压器现场局部放电试验的改进建议。     

Pollution control of actual flue gas using pulsed power at a thermal power plant

There are several important environmental problems in the world. One of them is acid rain caused by combustion flue gases from thermal power plants, factories, and automobiles. Different kinds of gas discharges, such as surface discharge, dc and ac corona discharge, silent discharge, and electron beam controlled discharge, have been studied for the removal of NO_x and SO₂ from flue gases. The recent development of repetitive pulsed power generators gives the pulsed steamer corona discharges a chance of success in the removal of NO_x and SO₂. In this paper, the experimental results of NO_x and SO₂ removal by a repetitive pulse power generator are described. The actual flue gas at a thermal power plant was used. It is shown that about 90% of the NO was removed at a flow rate of 0.8 liters/min and a repetition rate of 7 pps. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 134(4): 28–35, 2001     

无机含氮化合物的光催化降解

综述了光催化技术在无机含氮化合物方面的应用. 从两方面阐述了无机含氮化合物(NOx、NO-3、NO-2)光催化降解的最新进展,以及增加光催化降解效率的方法(如:对二氧化钛光催化剂进行修饰;研制新型光催化剂;研制新型光反应器;研究光催化降解无机含氮化合物的反应机理). 通过采取各种措施,可使NOx的转化率达到60%,NO-3的转化率达32%,且其中有50%的转化为N2.