磷含量对真空蒸镀磷掺杂多晶硅薄膜的影响

采用真空蒸镀的方法制备磷掺杂多晶硅薄膜,研究了磷含量对多晶硅薄膜的表面形貌、组织结构、晶粒尺寸及晶化率的影响。结果表明:随着磷掺杂分数的增加,多晶硅薄膜的晶粒尺寸和晶化率表现出先增加后降低的趋势,当磷掺杂分数为1%时,薄膜晶粒尺寸达到最大值,为0.55μm,晶化率为96.82%,且晶粒的均匀性最佳。     

乙基纤维素微胶囊红磷的制备及改性

目前微胶囊红磷大多采用原位聚合法制备,工艺较为复杂,且囊壳原料可能对环境造成危害.为解决这一问题,以可降解材料乙基纤维素(EC)为囊壳,采用相分离法在常温、中性条件下制备微胶囊红磷(MRP);为进一步增强MRP使用性能,添加正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)作为改性材料,在碱性条件下制备SiO_2凝胶/EC复合囊壳微胶囊红磷(SiMRP).对所得样品进行FTIR、形态及XPS分析,观察样品形态并计算包覆率;对样品进行热稳定性分析、吸湿率测定及安定性测试.实验结果表明:采用相分离法可对红磷实现有效包覆,囊壳包覆率为88.2%;EC囊壳提高了红磷的热稳定性,着火点温度较RP提升50℃; MRP 10日后吸湿率降至6.8%,摩擦感度降至34%;添加1 mL TEOS改性后的SiMPR样品包覆率达94.1%,热稳定性较MRP进一步增强,着火点温度较MRP提升90℃;SiMRP 10日后吸湿率降至4.5%,摩擦感度降至20%.     

便携式油气分析装置在变压器故障诊断中的应用

应用便携式装置检测油中溶解的氢、乙炔的浓度,可以对变压器内部的潜伏性故障作出“预诊断”。本文介绍了氢与乙炔的检测方法。     

磷炉停炉方法对比探讨

本文对四种停炉方法的利弊进行了分析。作重叙述了“满弧跳”停炉法,通过分析,认为满弧跳停炉法更具科学性和可靠性。     

An approach to quantify depth-resolved marine photochemical fluxes using remote sensing: Application to carbon monoxide (CO) photoproduction

This paper presents a model to calculate depth-resolved marine photochemical fluxes from remotely sensed ocean color and modeled solar irradiance. The basic approach uses three components: 1) below-sea-surface spectral downward scalar irradiance calculated from a radiative transfer model (STAR) and corrected for clouds using TOMS UV reflectivities; 2) surface-ocean spectral diffuse attenuation coefficients and absorption coefficients for chromophoric dissolved organic matter retrieved from SeaWiFS ocean color using the SeaUV/SeaUVc algorithms; and (3) spectral apparent quantum yield for the photochemical reaction considered. The output of the model is a photochemical rate profile, Ψ_PR(z), where z represents depth.We implemented the model for carbon monoxide (CO) photochemistry using an average apparent quantum yield spectrum and generated a monthly climatology of depth-resolved CO photoproduction rates in the global ocean. The climatology was used to compute global budgets and investigate the spatial and seasonal variabilities of CO photoproduction in the ocean. The model predicts a global CO photoproduction rate of about 41 TgC yr^− 1, in good agreement with other recent published estimates ranging from 30 to 84 TgC yr^− 1. The fate of photochemically derived CO and its role in global biogeochemical cycles remains uncertain however, with biological consumption and sea-air exchange competing for its removal in the surface ocean. Knowledge of the vertical distribution of CO photoproduction is critical in the quantification of the relative magnitudes of these sink mechanisms. The depth-resolution capabilities of this model, together with US Naval Research Laboratory climatology for mixed layer depths allowed further estimation that > 95% of the total water-column CO photoproduction occurs within the mixed layer on a global, yearly basis. Despite this compelling figure, the model also suggests significant spatio-temporal variability in the vertical distribution of CO photoproduction in the subtropical gyres, where up to 40% of water-column CO can be produced below the mixed layer during summertime.While the approach can be applied to other photochemical fluxes (e.g. DIC formation or DMS removal), accurate quantification of such processes with remote sensing will be limited until the mechanisms regulating observed oceanic variability in the apparent quantum yields are better understood. Minor modification to this model can also make it applicable for the determination of the effects of UV and visible solar radiation on sensitive biological systems.     

基于氧传感膜荧光特性的溶解氧传感器研制

基于氧传感膜荧光特性研制了一种低成本、小型化的溶解氧传感器.对传统氧传感膜的制备方案进行了优化,结合其透光特性对所制备的传感膜优劣进行甄别和选优.在此基础上,重点研究了水温、浸泡时间等因素对传感膜荧光发射强度的影响.为提高溶解氧的测量精度,设计了一种45°角斜面传感器探头结构,有效降低了水中气泡对溶解氧的测量干扰.实验结果表明:该溶解氧传感器能够准确测量0 ～20 mg/L范围内的待测液体的含氧量,检测误差为±2％,检测精度达±0.1 mg/L,在工农业生产、水质监测及水产养殖等方面具有较好的应用前景.     

安徽电网变压器油中溶解气体在线监测管理系统的设计与实现

随着电网规模不断增大,电力系统的安全稳定问题趋于更加复杂,为保证电网稳定运行,对变压器工作状态的监视与管理提出了更高要求.该文针对安徽电网目前对变压器监视的实际情况,设计一套针对变压器油中溶解的气体含量进行监测、分析的管理系统,从而及时发现变压器存在或潜在的故障,确保电网的安全稳定运行.     

污水处理曝气池溶解氧智能优化控制系统

提出一种新的溶解氧优化控制方法,根据不同的进水水质,利用在线多输入多输出最小二乘支持向量机软测量模型预测出水参数值.将这些参数作为水质反馈信号,使用模糊神经网络动态优化与进水水质对应的溶解氧设定值.最后利用神经网络逆控制系统跟踪优化的溶解氧设定值,从而实现在达到出水指标的前提下,既能保证出水水质的稳定,又能有效消除曝气量冗余,实现曝气量的动态优化,有效减少电能消耗.     

黑龙江省西部草地土壤无机磷的形态

本文通过牧场试验,探讨了黑龙江省西部草地土壤无机磷形态,结果表明,四种草地土壤均以Ｃａ－Ｐ为主,约占无机磷总量的６０％左右,Ｏ－Ｐ含量少于Ｆｅ－Ｐ和Ａｌ－Ｐ．草甸黑钙土无机磷总量最高,Ｃａ２－Ｐ、Ｃａ８－Ｐ和Ａｌ－Ｐ都是草甸黑钙土重要的贮磷库;草甸风沙土无机磷总量最低,但Ｃａ８－Ｐ含量相对较高;草甸碱土无机磷总量、Ｃａ２－Ｐ和Ａｌ－Ｐ含量显著高于碱化草甸土．向草甸碱土和碱化草甸土施磷酸二铵能显著增加土壤无机磷的总量,尤其显著提高土壤中Ｃａ８－Ｐ和Ａｌ－Ｐ含量．