数字地图上线型比较和自动切剖面及工程量速算

分析了在CAD绘制的数字地图中,常用的各种线型的数据量、尺寸标注、可切断性等异同点,论述了如何 利用数字地形图和CAD技术对其进行转换,并用Visual Lisp编程自动切剖面,计算工程量。     

History of Drainage in the Bureau of Reclamation

In the early days of the Reclamation Service, the criteria for irrigability of lands generally consisted of two elements: (1) is water available? and (2) can we get the water to the land? Within a few years, many of the early projects were experiencing reduced agricultural productivity and reduced ability to repay construction loans because the soils were becoming waterlogged and saline. By 1915, construction of subsurface drainage facilities had been initiated on several projects. However, at the time, subsurface drainage was more of an art than a science. Much of the world’s experience with agricultural drainage had been gained in humid areas which were quite different from arid areas. With no standards and limited knowledge of ground water movement, these early drainage efforts met with varying degrees of success. This paper summarizes the development of scientific methods to ensure successful application of drainage in a sustainable irrigated agriculture. Reclamation has introduced these methods to solve irrigated drainage problems at the international level. This paper will address the international experience, and how the same design and construction methods and procedures are now being used to design corrective drainage facilities for dams and other major structures and to support environmental enhancement programs.     

Procedure for Determining Heat Losses Through the Insulation of Hot-Water Pipes

A procedure is described for determining heat losses. The procedure establishes the content of work on determining heat losses through the insulation of hot-water pipes and the way of carrying it out and is extended to all steam and water-filled hot-water pipes (above and below ground) employed in heat-distribution, housing-block, and main-line heating networks.     

多品种、小批量产品的生产过程研究

多品种、小批量的产品大多是处于产品引入期的新品,这类产品的生产有生产计划制定依据少、产量少、需采购的原料种类多的特点,抓住这类生产的特点,在生产任务分解、物料需求计划制定、产品编码等环节制定详细的方案,会有助于合理安排整个生产过程,缩短生产周期,提高利润水平.     

塔里木盆地大北地区激发药量选择

在塔里木盆地以往的地震数据采集中，对激发药量的确定缺乏具有理论指导的科学选择方法，从资料品质这一角度出发，往往会选择较大的药量。为此，在塔里木盆地库车坳陷大北地区的三维勘探中，从理论和试验上对激发因素进行了细致的分析。首先，对地震波在地层中的衰减规律进行了理论分析，探讨了仪器接收系统对信号的可记录性，给出了这些因素对激发子波能量的要求；然后，根据爆破工程理论，讨论了不同围岩和激发药量对激发子波的影响；最后，在野外进行了针对性的试验，根据试验结果，确定了激发药量的选择原则，即①衰减后的目的层反射波振幅应满足仪器接收系统对信号的可记录范围；②目的层的反射波能量要远远大于勘探区的环境噪声；③不同的激发岩性采用不同的激发药量，以保证整个勘探区域地震子波振幅相对一致。根据该原则，分别对大北地区的戈壁砾石区、砂泥岩出露区和西域组砾岩出露区的激发药量进行了科学合理的选择，获得了较好的激发效果，资料的品质得到了改善。     

探讨实行工程量清单计价对施工企业的影响

本文分析了目前《计价规范》实行过程中施工企业遇到的一些实际问题和困难，呼吁政府主管部门尽快出台与之相适应配套措施，建立一个真正公平、公正的竞争平台。     

给水最小流量控制系统及调试

介绍了引进型给水最小流量再循环控制系统的工作原理、调试过程和整定方法；分析了调试过程中出现各种问题的原因；并找出了解决问题的方法。总结了该系统先进的集装式控制方式，提出了该系统需要改进的一些建议。     

某医院外科综合大楼楼宇自控系统工程设计

根据现代化医院具有大量电子设备，其电力负荷远远大于普通建筑物的特点，分析了现代化医院建设中楼宇自控系统的中央控制室选址、建筑设备自动化系统的电源要求、现场控制器设置原则等设计要点，并结合西南地区某医院外科综合大楼的实际情况，提出了一套由江森(JOHNSON)公司的METASYS组成的现代化医院外科综合大楼楼宇自控系统的解决方案。     

Material flow analysis and integration of watersheds and drainage systems: I. Simulation and application to ammonium management in Bahr El-Baqar drainage system

This paper is aimed at developing a systematic and generally applicable methodology for material flow analysis in drainage systems and watersheds. In particular, this research has focused on developing a mathematical framework and application for the management of nitrogenous species (primarily ammonium ions). Nitrogen compounds are among the most important species contributing to ecological cycles. Indeed, the environmental and biological aspects of water systems and their surrounding systems are highly impacted by nitrogen compounds as they contribute to the quality, nutrition, and toxicity of these systems. A material flow model was developed to deal primarily with the water phase while including pertinent information on the solid and air phases as they interface with the water medium. Both spatial and discrete temporal dimensions were included to account for nitrogen flow and transformation. The model includes the various environmental phenomena that influence the fate and transport of targeted species (e.g., volatilization, precipitation, sedimentation, uptake by biota, adsorption, chemical and biochemical reactions, etc.). Furthermore, the model includes material flow analysis operators (or transfer functions) that characterize the system inputs and outputs as they relate to the surroundings. The aforementioned material flow analysis tools were combined in a computer-aided modeling platform to provide a complete material flow analysis and yield useful insights on the transport and fate of targeted species. The simulation results shed light on the system performance. Actual data for an Egyptian drainage system (Bahr El-Baqar) along with the outfall to Lake Manzala were used to illustrate the usefulness and applicability of the developed model. Comparison with the measured data confirmed the validity and fidelity of the model.     

黄河禹潼河段近期冲淤特点及防洪形势分析

在对禹潼河段近期冲淤特点深入分析后指出：该河段近期河道淤积量尤其是主槽淤积量明显增加，滩槽高差减小，河槽排洪能力下降，已建工程防洪标准降低，工程临背差加大，险情频繁发生，防洪形势严峻。