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21.
A separation distance between adjacent buildings is provided to reduce the risk of pounding of adjacent buildings under seismic excitations. It should be recognized that the evaluation of the critical separation distance is a one-sided barrier crossing problem while the problem of structural design under seismic excitations is a two-sided crossing problem. A procedure for assessing the required separation distance with or without considering possible uncertainty in structural properties was presented based on the reliability methods and random vibration theory. The procedure was used to carry out parametric analyses. It is shown that use of the complete quadratic combination (CQC) rule with the modal responses employed for designing structures may over- or underestimate the critical separation distance, depending on the damping ratios and the closeness of the natural vibration periods of adjacent buildings. This is due to not only one-sided versus two-sided crossing problem but also the approximation in the CQC rule. Further, the effect of the uncertainty in structural properties on the estimated separation is investigated. The results indicate that this uncertainty tends to increase the required critical separation distance. 相似文献
22.
管线油电损耗的灰色模型及预测 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:9
对于管道运输来说,影响输油成本变化的因素有很多,但是对总成本影响最大的是油电损耗费用。由于来自现场的输量和相关参数样本数据不足,只知道连续几年的流量、油电损耗,要预测将来每年的油电损耗,经典经济数学不能满足这样的研究。然而灰色系统理论要求的研究样本较少,只要知道连续几年的流量、油电损耗,就能预测将来每年的油电损耗,估算其输油成本,且模型精度较高。利用灰色系统理论,以输油管线每年的输量、相应的电耗和油耗为时间序列,建立了三元素非等间距GM(1,1)模型,该模型为预测管线年输油成本提供了可靠的依据。 相似文献
23.
24.
利用磁力显微镜(MFM)对TbFe磁性薄膜进行了不同抬举距离(分别为60~780nm)的磁力成像研究.在实验中,比较了低抬举距离(100nm以下)磁力像中样品-针尖的互相干扰;同时发现在高抬举距离磁力像中,随着抬举距离的增大,出现了与高凸起形貌对应的图像衬度特征,并随抬举距离的变化也改变着位置与强度,一直到抬举距离为仪器的极限值780nm时,形貌干扰仍未消失,对其形成机制进行了分析. 相似文献
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26.
Alexander Babich Konstantinos Mavrommatis Dieter Senk Heinrich Wilhelm Gudenau 《国际钢铁研究》2004,75(7):428-432
This contribution deals with advanced educational technologies needed to equip customers from higher education institutions, research and industry with efficient tools supporting their work and operating new skills‐training methods. The challenges are reducing the training costs, improving quality and increasing the number of graduates in engineering departments. The concept of a Virtual Lab based on the combination of various teaching methods and tools is presented. Principles of mathematisation in metallurgical education and training are discussed. An example of online course designed in the form of Virtual Lab is demonstrated. 相似文献
27.
A. Campillo J. I. Farran M. J. Pisabarro 《Applicable Algebra in Engineering, Communication and Computing》2007,18(1-2):191-203
We use the special geometry of singular points of algebraic differential equations on the affine plane over finite fields
to study the main features and parameters of error correcting codes giving by evaluating functions at sets of singular points.
In particular, one gets new methods to construct codes with designed minimum distance.
This work was partially supported by MCyT BFM2001-2251. 相似文献
28.
We propose subspace distance measures to analyze the similarity between intrapersonal face subspaces, which characterize the variations between face images of the same individual. We call the conventional intrapersonal subspace average intrapersonal subspace (AIS) because the image differences often come from a large number of persons. An intrapersonal subspace is referred to as specific intrapersonal subspace (SIS) if the image differences are from just one person. We demonstrate that SIS varies significantly from person to person, and most SISs are not similar to AIS. Based on these observations, we introduce the maximum a posteriori (MAP) adaptation to the problem of SIS estimation, and apply it to the Bayesian face recognition algorithm. Experimental results show that the adaptive Bayesian algorithm outperforms the non-adaptive Bayesian algorithm as well as Eigenface and Fisherface methods if a small number of adaptation images are available. 相似文献
29.
“To understand and protect our home planet, to explore the universe and search for life, and to inspire the next generation of explorers” is NASA's mission. The Systems Management Office at Johnson Space Center (JSC) is searching for methods to effectively manage the Center's resources to meet NASA's mission. D-Side is a group multi-criteria decision support system (GMDSS) developed to support facility decisions at JSC. D-Side uses a series of sequential and structured processes to plot facilities in a three-dimensional (3-D) graph on the basis of each facility's alignment with NASA's mission and goals, the extent to which other facilities are dependent on the facility, and the dollar value of capital investments that have been postponed at the facility relative to the facility's replacement value. A similarity factor rank orders facilities based on their Euclidean distance from Ideal and Nadir points. These similarity factors are then used to allocate capital improvement resources across facilities. We also present a parallel model that can be used to support decisions concerning allocation of human resources investments across workforce units. Finally, we present results from a pilot study where 12 experienced facility managers from NASA used D-Side and the organization's current approach to rank order and allocate funds for capital improvement across 20 facilities. Users evaluated D-Side favorably in terms of ease of use, the quality of the decision-making process, decision quality, and overall value-added. Their evaluations of D-Side were significantly more favorable than their evaluations of the current approach. 相似文献
30.
Bar-Anan Yoav; Liberman Nira; Trope Yaacov; Algom Daniel 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,136(4):610
A picture-word version of the Stroop task was used to test the automatic activation of psychological distance by words carrying various senses of psychological distance: temporal (tomorrow, in a year), social (friend, enemy), and hypotheticality (sure, maybe). The pictures implied depth, with the words appearing relatively close to or distant from the observer. The participants classified the spatial distance of words faster when the word's implicit psychological distance matched its spatial distance (e.g., a geographically close word was classified faster when it was "friend" than when it was "enemy"). The findings are consistent with the idea that psychological distance is accessed automatically, even when it is not directly related to people's current goals, and suggest that psychological distance is an important dimension of meaning, common to spatial distance, temporal distance, social distance, and hypotheticality. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献