基于l1范数相干度的量子态区分

为探究区分量子态的最优策略,以相干作为资源,利用附加辅助系统的方法来区分非正交量子态,并给出了l₁范数相干度与区分量子态的成功概率之间的数值关系,同时量化了某些特定情况下不出错的量子态区分(UQSD)的最优协议所需的l₁范数相干均值.本文的研究结果表明,通过调整生成的相干度可以提高区分量子态的成功几率.     

基于时间序列模式表示的异常检测算法*

提出了一种基于时间序列的模式表示提取时间序列异常值的异常检测算法(PREOV).时间序列的模式表示本身就具有压缩数据、保持时间序列基本形态的功能,并且具有一定的除噪能力.在时间序列模式表示的基础上提取异常值,可以大大提高算法的效率和准确性,达到事半功倍的效果.在本算法中,还使用了一定的剪枝策略,使得算法的时间复杂度进一步降低.该算法计算简单、实现方便、无须训练,可以支持时间序列的动态增长.     

冠脉造影图像血管增强及减影的优化方法

针对于传统X射线冠状动脉造影序列图像的血管的减影包含严重伪影以及减影结果不完整等问题,提出了冠脉造影图像血管增强以及减影优化的方法。基于冠脉造影序列图像的时空特性,将相同时相的图像匹配进行减影,得到初步减影结果。针对初步减影部分缺失,对有导管遮挡没有被识别的单根血管进行二次增强处理。增强方法为:运用区域生长确定被导管遮挡的血管部分,以此部分为基础按规定模板扩展,形成覆盖导管区域,区分血管和导管,改变两部分的灰度值,增大对比度。最后采用灰度线性变换、中值滤波等步骤,得到优化的冠脉血管减影。实验表明,本减影及优化方法可以从冠脉造影序列图中提取较为完整清晰的冠脉血管并且具有很好的可控性和鲁棒性。     

基于区块链的分布式光伏就地消纳交易模式研究

目前配电网中分布式光伏发电渗透率越来越高,利用区块链技术的去中心化、难篡改等特点,有助于分布式发电就地或就近消纳,提高配电网运行的经济性。提出了一种基于区块链的光伏就地消纳交易模式,建立了光伏发电用户和分布式光伏聚合商的效益函数,运用Stackelberg博弈模型确定内部电价,通过边缘计算制定最优用电计划,设计了基于信誉值的就地消纳交易机制,对就地消纳程度低的用户进行惩罚,鼓励用户通过可时移负荷消纳光伏出力。配电网仿真结果表明,在采用区块链的交易模式下,配电网的就地消纳情况得到改善,用户的综合效益得到提升。     

Knockout of Auxin Response Factor SlARF4 Improves Tomato Resistance to Water Deficit

Auxin response factors (ARFs) play important roles in various plant physiological processes; however, knowledge of the exact role of ARFs in plant responses to water deficit is limited. In this study, SlARF4, a member of the ARF family, was functionally characterized under water deficit. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining showed that water deficit and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment reduced the expression of SlARF4. SlARF4 was expressed in the vascular bundles and guard cells of tomato stomata. Loss of function of SlARF4 (arf4) by using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/Cas 9 (CRISPR/Cas 9) technology enhanced plant resistance to water stress and rehydration ability. The arf4 mutant plants exhibited curly leaves and a thick stem. Malondialdehyde content was significantly lower in arf4 mutants than in wildtype plants under water stress; furthermore, arf4 mutants showed higher content of antioxidant substances, superoxide dismutase, actual photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII), and catalase activities. Stomatal and vascular bundle morphology was changed in arf4 mutants. We identified 628 differentially expressed genes specifically expressed under water deficit in arf4 mutants; six of these genes, including ABA signaling pathway-related genes, were differentially expressed between the wildtype and arf4 mutants under water deficit and unlimited water supply. Auxin responsive element (AuxRE) elements were found in these genes’ promoters indicating that SlARF4 participates in ABA signaling pathways by regulating the expression of SlABI5/ABF and SCL3, thereby influencing stomatal morphology and vascular bundle development and ultimately improving plant resistance to water deficit.     

A Novel DUF569 Gene Is a Positive Regulator of the Drought Stress Response in Arabidopsis

In the last two decades, global environmental change has increased abiotic stress on plants and severely affected crops. For example, drought stress is a serious abiotic stress that rapidly and substantially alters the morphological, physiological, and molecular responses of plants. In Arabidopsis, several drought-responsive genes have been identified; however, the underlying molecular mechanism of drought tolerance in plants remains largely unclear. Here, we report that the “domain of unknown function” novel gene DUF569 (AT1G69890) positively regulates drought stress in Arabidopsis. The Arabidopsis loss-of-function mutant atduf569 showed significant sensitivity to drought stress, i.e., severe wilting at the rosette-leaf stage after water was withheld for 3 days. Importantly, the mutant plant did not recover after rewatering, unlike wild-type (WT) plants. In addition, atduf569 plants showed significantly lower abscisic acid accumulation under optimal and drought-stress conditions, as well as significantly higher electrolyte leakage when compared with WT Col-0 plants. Spectrophotometric analyses also indicated a significantly lower accumulation of polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, and chlorophylls in atduf569 mutant plants. Overall, our results suggest that novel DUF569 is a positive regulator of the response to drought in Arabidopsis.     

Genome-Wide Analysis of the Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) and Abscisic Acid-, Stress-, and Ripening-Induced (ASR) Gene Superfamily from Canavalia rosea and Their Roles in Salinity/Alkaline and Drought Tolerance

Canavalia rosea (bay bean), distributing in coastal areas or islands in tropical and subtropical regions, is an extremophile halophyte with good adaptability to seawater and drought. Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins typically accumulate in response to various abiotic stresses, including dehydration, salinity, high temperature, and cold, or during the late stage of seed development. Abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced (ASR) genes are stress and developmentally regulated plant-specific genes. In this study, we reported the first comprehensive survey of the LEA and ASR gene superfamily in C. rosea. A total of 84 CrLEAs and three CrASRs were identified in C. rosea and classified into nine groups. All CrLEAs and CrASRs harbored the conserved motif for their family proteins. Our results revealed that the CrLEA genes were widely distributed in different chromosomes, and all of the CrLEA/CrASR genes showed wide expression features in different tissues in C. rosea plants. Additionally, we introduced 10 genes from different groups into yeast to assess the functions of the CrLEAs/CrASRs. These results contribute to our understanding of LEA/ASR genes from halophytes and provide robust candidate genes for functional investigations in plant species adapted to extreme environments.     

LF软吹时间对硅脱氧弹簧钢氧化物夹杂控制影响

 对于一些采用硅锰脱氧冶炼工艺的特殊钢,为保证钢水洁净度,常会选择较长时间的LF软吹处理,导致过程能耗增加。通过工业试验,借助FEI Explorer 4自动扫描电镜检测,研究不同LF精炼软吹时间对硅脱氧弹簧钢55SiCr铸坯氧化物夹杂成分、数量的影响;并采用夹杂物极值统计法,对比评价不同LF精炼软吹时间对应成品盘条横截面最大夹杂物尺寸控制情况。结果表明,在LF软吹10 min与软吹40 min 两种工艺条件下,铸坯中尺寸大于5 μm的氧化物夹杂成分接近,均在CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃相图中假硅灰石、钙长石和钙铝黄长石共晶低熔点区,其中软吹10 min工艺铸坯氧化物夹杂组成落入低熔点区的数量所占比例更大。LF软吹10 min与软吹40 min铸坯中尺寸大于5 μm的氧化物夹杂数量密度分别为11.70个/100 mm2和14.59个/100 mm2,尺寸大于15 μm 的氧化物夹杂数量密度分别为0.53个/100 mm2和1.65个/100 mm2,LF软吹10 min工艺铸坯大尺寸氧化物夹杂数量密度略低于LF软吹40 min工艺。当预测面积为30 000 mm2时,两种LF软吹时间对应成品盘条横截面最大夹杂物尺寸分别为27.1 μm和28.1 μm,盘条最大夹杂物尺寸控制无显著差别。结合硅锰脱氧钢中大尺寸低熔点CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃系夹杂物主要源自钢包渣乳化卷入,具有与钢水和氩气泡界面接触角很小、难以通过吹氩上浮去除的特点,建议硅锰脱氧钢LF软吹过程按短时间快节奏进行控制。     

The role of isotopic techniques on the evaluation of the agronomic effectiveness of P fertilizers

Many isotopic techniques can be applied to determine the relative immediate and residual effectiveness of P fertilizers. Using isotopes as tracers, the percentage of utilization by plants of the P derived from a fertilizer can be determined. However this is only possible during the three or four months after the application. Therefore, the P fertilizers may be classified only according to their relative immediate effectiveness. To also evaluate residual effect, which can be observed when more P is applied than is removed with harvest, isotopes of phosphorus can be used. This residual effect is determined by comparing pool sizes of bioavailable soil P in soils with and without P fertilizer aged in soil. The bioavailable soil P pool may be analyzed according to three isotopic experimental procedures which give access to either the A value, or the E value or the L value. The aims, the similarities and the differences between these three procedures, are examined. Some of the theoretical and practical constraints of each method are described in this paper; they must be followed in order to obtain reliable information for agronomic purposes. A method involves measuring the rate of isotopic exchange of phosphate ions in soil-solution systems maintained in steady-state. It is now possible to predict the effectiveness of P fertilizers, whatever their chemical form when this method is applied on soil samples where P fertilizers were applied.This paper was originally submitted as part of the special issue on Evaluation of the Agronomic Effectiveness of Phosphate Fertilizers through the use of Nuclear Related Techniques edited by F. Zapata