腊牛肉加工过程中中性蛋白酶对蛋白质变化影响的研究

在腊牛肉腌制中,将中性蛋白酶按原料肉重的0．01％、0．015％、o．02％、0．025％和0．03％的添加量掺入腌制剂中腌制7d,发现肉中非蛋白氮含量和氨态氮含量随着腌制天数的增加而大幅度增加,表明在此期间,肌肉蛋白质在酶的作用下发生了强烈降解。降解程度随着酶添加量增大而提高。     

转炉蒸发冷却器结垢前后数值模拟

针对转炉干法除尘系统蒸发冷却器内部结垢现象影响静电除尘器除尘效率的问题,采用FLUENT软件对蒸发冷却器内部结垢前后的速度场、压力场及温度场进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明:烟气进入蒸发冷却器后流速降低,压力逐渐增加;由于雾化水的蒸发冷却作用,烟气温度由800℃降低190℃;蒸发冷却器结垢后烟气压力场与温度场均有所改变,出口平均压力由-104 Pa降低到-229 Pa,平均温度由190℃提高到224℃;出口处烟气温度较结垢前提高了34℃,烟气温度升高导致静电除尘器入口处粉尘比电阻超出最佳电除尘器参数的范围,导致电除尘效率降低。     

Biomass for residential and commercial heating in a remote Canadian aboriginal community

Most residents of Canada's 300 remote communities do not have access to natural gas and must rely upon higher cost and/or less convenient heat sources such as electric heat, heating (furnace) oil, propane, and/or cord wood. This research sought to determine the techno-economic feasibility of increasing biomass utilization for space and hot water heating in remote, off-grid communities in Canada and abroad using a two-option case study approach: 1) a district energy system (DES) connected to a centralized heat generation energy centre fuelled by wood chips; and 2) a decentralized heating option with wood pellet boilers in each individual residence and commercial building. The Nuxalk First Nation Bella Coola community was selected as a case study, with GIS, ground surveys, and climate data used to design DES routes and determine heat demand. It was determined that biomass has the potential to reduce heat costs, reduce the cost of electricity subsidization for electrical utilities, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and increase energy independence of remote communities. Although results of the analysis are site-specific, the research methodology and general findings on heat-source economic competitiveness could be utilized to support increased bioheat production in remote, off-grid communities for improved socio-economic and environmental outcomes.     

Recent advances during CH4 dry reforming for syngas production: A mini review

Given the continuing issues of environment and energy, methane dry reforming for syngas production have sparked interest among researchers, but struggled with the process immaturity owing to catalyst deactivation. This review summarizes the recent advances in the development of efficient and stable catalysts with strong resistance to coking and metal sintering, including the application of novel materials, the assessment of advanced characterizations and the compatibility to improved reaction system. One feasible option is the crystalline oxide catalysts (perovskite, pyrochlore, spinel and LDHs), which feature a fine metal dispersion and surface confinement effect via a metal exsolution strategy and exhibit superior reactivity and stability. Some new materials (h-BN, clays and MOFs) also extend the option because of their unique morphology and microstructure. It also is elaborated that progresses were achieved in advanced characterizations application, leading to success in the establishment of reaction mechanisms and attributions to the formed robust catalysts. In addition, the perspective described the upgrade of reaction system to a higher reaction efficiency and milder reaction conditions. The combination of efficient reaction systems and robust catalysts paves a way for a scaling-up application of the process.     

干湿循环及地震耦合作用下的库区红层泥岩边坡稳定性分析

针对库区蓄水诱发的低强度地震及库水位往复升降调节产生的干湿循环效应严重影响红层泥岩质岸坡稳定性问题,以某红层区库岸边坡工程为依托,通过室内试验和数值模拟方法研究了干湿循环条件下红层泥岩微观结构及强度劣化规律,并耦合地震作用模拟分析了边坡稳定性变化规律.结果 表明,多次干湿循环后红层岩体微观结构疏松多孔,内部损伤逐步积累...     

自制阳离子淀粉在纸袋纸中的应用

研究了自制的不同取代度的阳离子淀粉作为纸张增强剂的使用效果,结果表明:取代度为0.022的阳离子淀粉对改善纸页强度效果最明显;同时确定了该取代度的阳离子淀粉在抄纸过程中的最佳使用条件:浆料pH=8.3~9.2,阳离子淀粉的使用量为1.5%,阳离子淀粉与浆料作用时间为10min、填料加入量≤15%。对比实验结果表明,自制阳离子淀粉的使用效果可与市售产品性能相媲美。     

干法制备磷酸酯淀粉的研究进展

综述了国内外干法制备磷酸酯淀粉的工艺及相关设备的研究进展,并对干法制备磷酸酯淀粉进行了展望。     

新型硅橡胶复合膜用于分离干红葡萄酒的研究

利用一种自行研制的新型的PDMS平板复合膜对12%vol的"云南红"全汁干型红葡萄酒(2003年酿,国宴供酒)进行渗透汽化脱醇实验,并用气相色谱法对膜上渗余液和膜下冷凝液进行定性和定量分析.在反应罐温度30℃,采用一级冷凝,温度-30℃,渗透池下游保持绝压在真空泵的极限真空度0.1MPa的实验条件下,干红葡萄酒经过8h渗透汽化脱醇后获得了酒精含量为5%vol左右的膜上渗余液和39%vol左右的膜下冷凝液.实验结果发现,新型PDMS平板复合膜对葡萄酒的乙醇及其风味物质表现出了良好的选择分离性能和机械性能.通过一系列分析得知:渗透汽化膜对乙醇的通透量极大;对风味物质的选择性大小为醇类＞酯类,且碳原子数越多,选择性越大.实验表明,渗透汽化膜用于分离干红葡萄酒具有良好的效果,可以预见将其应用于生产低醇葡萄酒和高度的白兰地是可行的.     

干式粒化熔渣余热初次回收实验研究

鉴于目前高炉渣显热不能得到有效的回收利用,以空气和水为换热介质,进行了干式粒化高炉渣显热的回收实验,研究了熔渣质量流量和空气体积流量对空气预热温度、水预热温度和余热回收率的影响.实验结果表明：随着熔渣质量的增加,空气预热温度和水预热温度均增加,同时余热回收率减小;当空气流量的增加时,虽然空气和水的预热温度都降低,但余热回收率升高.     

半干法循环流化床烟气脱硫系统设计

脱硫系统采用半干法脱硫法,系统中设计了双流体喷枪的循环流化床文丘里脱硫塔,设计依照科学、合理、一次性投资小、运行成本低、运行可靠的原则,设备选型本着安全、稳定、故障率低、维护成本低及使用寿命长的原则,分析显示该系统具有良好的经济效益.