“白改黑”道路路面的通病与防治措施

"白改黑"路面是水泥混凝土路面加铺沥青混合料所形成的路面结构。由于"白改黑"路面结构的特点,因此早期路面发生病害不可避免。介绍了"白改黑"路面的特性及早期病害产生的重要原因,并提出了"白改黑"路面早期病害的防治措施。     

民国前期杭州丝织品种发展特征研究

分两个阶段探讨了民国前期杭州丝绸品种的特征。民国前期的杭州丝织业通过丝织设备的更新、国外产品的借鉴,以及新纤维材料的运用等,使丝绸产量和品种都达到了前所未有的发展高度。在1912-1918年的兴盛时期,丝织设备的更新换代及经营方式转换,引发了丝织品种的近代变革;在1919-1937年的低落与鼎盛并存期,新兴纤维材料的运用和丝织、染整技术的进步,带来了丝织品种风格、织物结构上更大的创新与突破。     

垃圾填埋场边坡稳定安全监测指标及警戒值

随着垃圾的产量和填埋量迅速增加,垃圾堆体的稳定问题日益突出,填埋场运行中安全监测显得十分重要。针对某大型垃圾填埋场失稳事件,对该填埋场堆体边坡开展了近2年的监测,获得了各种气象条件下渗滤液水位、地表水平位移、竖向位移、深层侧向变形等监测数据,特别是2008年6月强降雨期间垃圾堆体边坡局部失稳和2009年2月污泥坑周边堆体滑移过程中完整、全面的监测数据。基于监测数据,并结合实际降雨条件、填埋场运行状况,对填埋场失稳的内在因素进行详细的分析,得出渗滤液水位过高是导致堆体边坡失稳的主要内因,水平位移速率是填埋场边坡稳定状态最为敏感的指标。最后 根据监测数据 进行统计分析 ,提出垃圾填埋场稳定安全监测关键指标及警戒值, 为今后垃圾填埋场的现场监测工作提供重要依据 。     

Phenolic composition of Tempranillo wines following early defoliation of the vines

BACKGROUND: Early defoliation is a viticultural practice aimed at crop control. So far, the impact of early leaf removal on the monomeric phenolic composition of wines has not been explored. This study examines the effects of early defoliation on the phenolic profile and content in Tempranillo wines. The influence of the defoliation method (manual vs mechanical) and the timing of leaf removal (pre‐bloom vs fruit set) was investigated. RESULTS: Over two consecutive seasons, 2007 and 2008, the monomeric phenolic composition in Tempranillo wines was studied by high‐performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection, and 22 compounds were identified and quantified. Overall, early defoliation led to wines more intensely coloured, of higher alcohol content and with larger concentrations of hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonols and anthocyanins (in 2008 only for mechanical treatments). In the absence of fungal infection, resveratrol was found to increase in wines corresponding to early defoliation treatments. The method of leaf removal seemed to be more critical than the timing of intervention, and larger effects on wine phenolic composition were observed for mechanical treatments. CONCLUSION: Early defoliation proved to be an effective technique for improving the phenolic composition of Tempranillo wines, by favouring the accumulation of hydroxycinnamics, flavonols and anthocyanins. This is an important achievement, as wine quality is often described by its colour and phenolic attributes. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

Separation Characteristics of Inorganic Particles from Rainfalls in Dissolved Air Flotation: A Korean Perspective

Abstract

Many reservoirs have been constructed in Korea to store water resources utilizing the terrain of the land. In general, dam source waters contain algae species that have densities close to that of water. Consequently algae are difficult to remove by conventional gravity sedimentation (CGS), while dissolved air flotation (DAF) is known to be an effective process for the purpose. The same source waters usually also have high turbidities due to mineral soil particles in the wet summer season. Systematic studies on the effect of high turbidity on the DAF process are very limited. In this work, DAF and CGS experiments were carried out to investigate water treatment characteristics and removal efficiencies under various COD/SS and chlorophyll‐a/SS ratios. A kinetic DAF process model was employed to describe bubble‐floc collision and agglomeration, as well as the rising velocity of bubble‐floc agglomerate. Our results showed that the initial collision‐attachment efficiency for the clay floc size range of 100?400 µm was a relatively low value of 0.3. The removal efficiency by DAF was greater than by CGS when chlorophyll‐a/SS ratio was high. It was also found that sedimentation prior to flotation is required for the effective separation of large clay flocs caused by runoff. Our experimental and theoretical results also suggest that the DAF process requires carefully operation in Korea, especially, in the rainy summer season.     

小粒径再生粗骨料对预制混凝土力学性能影响的研究

研究5~10 mm小粒径再生粗骨料对预制混凝土抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和弹性模量的影响。结果表明,抗压强度随龄期延长而提高,且主要发生在前7 d,7 d抗压强度达到其28 d抗压强度的77%;劈裂抗拉强度随龄期的延长而提高,3 d劈裂抗拉强度达到其28 d强度的64%;弹性模量也随龄期的延长而提高,龄期为1、3、7和14 d时,弹性模量分别为其28 d弹性模量的32%、46%、62%和91%。通过与欧洲规范对比,基于试验结果,建议了劈裂抗拉强度和弹性模量的计算模型。研究结果更好的实现再生混凝土在小截面预制混凝土构件上的工程应用。     

塑料模板在高强度等级、大体积混凝土工程中的应用

传统的木模板施工工艺满足不了施工现场应用塑料模板时的混凝土成形质量要求。为此,结合项目实践,通过调整传统工艺,提出并介绍了镁框塑料模板和早拆工艺。阐述了塑料模板应用过程中采用的防变形和防漏浆等技术措施,从而提高了建筑塑料模板的周转率,并保证了施工成形质量。     

锂离子电池热失控早期预警特征参数分析

为对锂离子电池热失控状态的早期预警模型提供支撑,针对单体电池单侧受热触发热失控问题开展实体实验,分析表面温度、电池电压、气体温度等多个特征参数的变化规律,在考虑降低误报漏报率的情况下,分析其合理报警范围。结果表明,加热触发的热失控状态判定主要依赖于电池表面监测点温升速率;电池电压下降量不适用于热失控预警;电池表面温度、表面温升速率、电压降速率、气体温度等特征参数的参考报警值分别为60~90℃、0.4~1℃/s、0.05~0.16V/s、60~90℃。