水溶性聚合物在油田钻井液中的应用

介绍国内水溶性聚合物钻井液处理剂的研究与应用情况，水溶性聚合物可用泥浆降滤失剂，增粘剂，絮凝剂，降粘剂和防塌型，它包括天然高分子材料和合成聚合物。     

谈如何提高二次精制盐水质量

介绍了锦化化工(集团)有限责任公司提高二次精制盐水质量的成功经验,讨论了过滤系统中碳素烧结管间距、一次盐水的质量及其游离氯含量、人为操作失误和助体给料量等五大因素对二次精制盐水质量的影响,并采取了相应的措施,如调整合适的碳素烧结管间距、改走砂滤器、更换过滤器碳素管等。介绍了二次精制盐水精制系统树脂塔精制盐水的操作要素,诸如控制盐水流量最高为68m3/h、温度在(60±5)℃、pH值在9左右,控制树脂塔的压差、树脂填充量、树脂性能、仪表阀的检查情况等,从而生产出高质量的二次精制盐水,保证了离子膜电解槽的平稳、高效运行。     

2-羟基-3-烯丙氧基丙磺酸钠的合成

采用新方法合成了2-羟基-3-烯丙氧基丙磺酸钠。先由环氧氯丙烷和亚硫酸氢钠合成中间体3-氯-2-羟基丙磺酸钠，然后中间体再与丙烯醇在氢氧化钠催化下生成目标产物2-羟基-3-烯丙氧基丙磺酸钠。2步反应总收率在70％左右，中间体和产物分别进行了光谱表征。     

Electrochemical formation of AlN in molten LiCl-KCl-Li3N systems

Electrochemical formation of aluminum nitride was investigated in molten LiCl-KCl-Li₃N systems at 723 K. When Al was anodically polarized at 1.0 V (versus Li⁺/Li), oxidation of nitride ions proceeded to form adsorbed nitrogen atoms, which reacted with the surface to form AlN film. The obtained nitrided film had a thickness of sub-micron order. The obtained nitrided layer consisted of two regions; the outer layer involving AlN and aluminum oxynitride and the inner layer involving metallic Al and AlN. When Al electrode was anodically polarized at 2.0 V, anodic dissolution of Al electrode occurred to give aluminum ions, which reacted with nitride ions in the melt to produce AlN particles (1-5 μm of diameter) of wurtzite structure.     

岩盐溶解速率的研究

在岩盐溶解速率及其影响因素的实验研究基础上,建立了岩盐溶解速率的计算公式。研究的结果可为岩盐开采和其他水溶法矿物开采提供参考。     

中国铬盐生产现状与发展建议

较全面地回顾了中国铬盐生产历史和现状，系统总结了铬盐行业发展过程中的经验教训，提出了中国铬盐生产发展的建议，即中国铬盐工业在大型化的同时，应推广采用新工艺、新技术；应开发新品种，进行深加工；应密切注意最新技术动向，并及时跟进。     

合成方法对NH_4MPO_4·H_2O(M=Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu)颗粒形貌的影响

采用低温固相法与常规液相法合成系列磷酸铵复盐NH4MPO4.H2O(M=Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu),用XRD,FT-IR和SEM对产物进行表征,比较两种合成工艺及产物的颗粒形貌和大小。结果表明,除铜盐为斜方晶系外,其余都为正交晶系。与常规液相法相比,低温固相法不需要使用溶剂,能在低温短时间内合成磷酸铵复盐类化合物,但是需要晶化才能得到良好结晶体,合成的条件较为苛刻,容易有副反应发生,所得产品是片状结构,厚度为纳米尺寸的二维纳米材料,液相反应得到的产物颗粒是层状结构的微米级产品。     

芘四硫酸四钠盐／甲基紫精复合物光物理性质的研究

本文通过吸收光谱滴定和时间分辨瞬态吸收光谱对芘四硫酸四钠盐（ｐｙｒｅｎｅｔｅｔｒａｓｕｌｆｏｎｉｃａｃｉｄｔｅｔｒａｓｏｄｉｕｍｓａｌｔ，ＰｙＴＳ）／甲基紫精（ｍｅｔｈｙｌｖｉｏｌｏｇｅｎ，ＭＶ２＋）复合物在水溶液中的光物理性质进行研究．用甲基紫精滴定芘四硫酸四钠盐时，得到该复合物的组成成份是１∶１，反之，用芘四硫酸四钠盐滴定甲基紫精时，同样得到１∶１组成成份的复合物．该复合物的形成常数是２．４×１０６ｍｏｌ－１·Ｌ，当用光激发该复合物时，发现其中存在芘四硫酸四钠盐到甲基紫精的电子转移过程，并得到该过程的动力学模型．     

Synthesis of water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes by RAFT polymerization

Water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were synthesized by grafting poly(acrylamide) (PAM) from the surface of SWNT via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The RAFT agents were covalently attached to the SWNTs by functionalizing SWNTs with in situ generated diazonium compounds. The product was characterized by means of FT-IR, Raman, ¹H NMR, TGA and TEM. The results showed that PAM chains had successfully grafted from SWNT by RAFT polymerization. The amount of PAM grown from SWNT increased with the polymerization time. The acrylamide conversion increased linearly with the polymerization time, indicating the “living” characteristics of the RAFT polymerization. TEM was utilized to image PAM-g-SWNT, showing relatively uniform polymer coatings present on the surface of individual, debundled nanotubes.     

Polyimide foams with ultralow dielectric constants

To explore ultralow dielectric constant polyimide, the crosslinked polyimide foams (PIFs) were prepared from 3,3′,4,4′‐benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA), 4,4′‐oxydianiline (ODA), and 2,4,6‐triaminopyrimidine (TAP) via a poly(ester–amine salt) (PEAS) process. FTIR measurements indicated that TAP did not yield a negative effect on imidization of PEAS precursors. SEM measurement revealed the homogeneous cell structure. Through using TAP as a crosslinking monomer, the mechanical properties of PIFs could be improved in comparison with uncrosslinked BTDA/ODA based PIF. The crosslinked PIFs still exhibited excellent thermal stability with 5% weight loss temperatures higher than 520°C. In the field with frequency higher than 100 Hz, the dielectric constants of the obtained PIFs ranged from 1.77 to 2.4, and the dielectric losses were smaller than 3 × 10^?2 at 25–150°C. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1734–1740, 2006