影响聚合物段塞流变性因素的研究

本文针对我国表面活性剂/聚合物驱油的实际,研究了石油磺酸盐(PS)、正丁醇(R_4OH)和矿化水对水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)溶液流变性的影响。结果表明,PS对HPAM溶液流变性的影响与介质的矿化度有关:非矿化水介质中,PS对HPAM溶液性质的影响类似于无机盐,能降低HPAM溶液的表现粘度(η_α)和稠度系数(k);当系统中含有一定浓度矿化水时,PS却能升高系统的η_α和k值,降低流型指数(n),使系统的非牛顿性增强。在含有PS和矿化水的HPAM系统中加入R_4OH,系统的η_α和k值会有所增加。     

再制干酪的研究

本实验以车达干酪、高达干酪为原料干酪，添加选取85～87℃，6、5～7min的融化条件。研究选择不同成熟期、不同种类的原料干酪和添加不同比例及种类的溶解盐对干酪组织状态、风味的影响。     

塔巴庙区块气层录井参数分析研究

塔巴庙区块气藏属于低压、低渗气藏,储集层物性差异大、含气级别高,但含气非均质性强,录井解释评价困难。针对这一问题,开展了综合判断储集层物性和含气性方面的研究,分别探讨了钻时与全烃、钻井液性能与全烃、钻井液粘度与全烃、气测显示与测井参数和烃组分与气显示之间的关系,分析了其相关性及其在塔巴庙区块气层解释评价中的意义及作用。通过相关性研究,不但摸索出定性解释评价气层的方法,同时为今后深入研究录井相关参数关系,探索其内在规律,为实现准确解释评价储集层奠定了基础。     

Synthesis and aqueous solution behaviors of sodium sulfonate‐terminated dendritic poly(ester‐amine)

Sodium sulfonate‐terminated dendritic poly(ester‐amine) (SPEA) was synthesized by sulfonation of acrylic double bond‐terminated dendritic poly(ester‐amine) (APEA) with sodium hydrogen sulfite (NaHSO₃) in mixture of diglycol and 2‐butanone under normal pressure. The structure of SPEA was characterized by IR, ¹H‐NMR, and elemental analysis. SPEA was water‐soluble. 1.0–40.0% (mass) SPEA aqueous solutions appeared as dilatant fluid. When pH value varied from 1.5 to 12.0, the viscosity of 1–5% (mass) SPEA aqueous solutions changed very small, and the electric conductivity almost kept stable within pH 3.0–10.0. The relationship between the viscosity and the concentration of SPEA water solutions was similar to that of NaCl water solutions. The surface tension of SPEA water solutions was lower than that of polyethylene glycol 2000 water solutions with the same concentration. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Effect of the graft yield of maleic anhydride on the rheological behaviors,mechanical properties,thermal properties,and free volumes of maleic anhydride grafted high‐density polyethylene

The rheological behavior, thermal properties, and molecular mobility of a series of maleic anhydride (MA) grafted high‐density polyethylenes were characterized and evaluated. The rheological behavior was studied with a Haake minilaboratory. The viscosity of the samples in their melt state decreased with an increase in the graft yield, and this could be attributed to the higher molecular mobility for samples with a higher degree of grafting. The thermal properties were investigated with dynamic mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. Positron annihilation lifetime measurements were used to study the effect of the degree of grafting on the chemical environment and the atomic‐scale free‐volume properties. It was found that the grafted MA group played a significant chemical inhibition role in positronium formation when the graft yield was low. The results also indicated that the higher the degree of grafting was, the broader the free‐volume distribution was. The relationship between the microstructure and rheological behavior is discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Development of a predictive model for polymer/solvent diffusion coefficient calculations

A new calculation procedure for free‐volume parameters is considered in this work by using viscosity prediction methods and the Levenberg‐Marquardt calculation scheme. All parameters used in the Vrentas–Duda free‐volume theory can be estimated from pure component properties. The prediction results are compared with experimental data for some polymer/solvent systems. The diffusion coefficient calculated by Vrentas–Duda theory can be used in the modeling of membrane separation processes. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Dynamic photorheological analysis of photopolymerizable urethane dimethacrylate resins with varying diluent content and light fluence

The in situ measurement of dynamic changes in viscosity induced by illumination has been performed on a range of photosensitive urethane dimethacrylates (UDMA) evaluating the response at three different illuminations intensities (1, 2, and 5 W cm^?2) and at three different diluent concentrations (15, 30, and 50%), using 1,6‐hexanediol dimethacrylate (HDDMA). The initial viscosity value ranged between 1 and 10 Pa s for the mixtures with final viscosities approaching 1 × 10⁷ Pa s after illumination. The initial rise in viscosity was analyzed using an exponential model with an exponent ranging from 1.0 to 2.5 with time under exposure. Higher conversion rates were observed with both higher intensity and lower HDDMA content. The analytical approach taken here could aid in developing more sophisticated models that consider simultaneous flow and cure advancement in other thermosets. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

KINEMATIC VISCOSITY-TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR OF HEAVY TBP-FRACTIONS (455°C+) OF ARABIAN CRUDE OILS

A generalized kinematic viscosity-temperature correlation for undefined liquid heavy petroleum fractions has been developed to represent the data for a wide range of temperature from 100°C to 200°C. The correlation is based on the experimental kinematic viscosity data of true boiling point fractions of four Arabian crude oils. The characterization property required for estimation is 50% boiling point. The proposed correlation fits the experimental data with an overall absolute error of 6.1%. Experimental measurements of kinematic viscosity of heavy true boiling point fractions of Arabian crude oils were also obtained in order to develop the proposed correlation.     

植物油、脂肪酸和植物油甲酯在塔河稠油掺稀降黏中的应用评价

稠油由于富含沥青质、胶质等重质组分而具有很高的黏度，给稠油的开采和运输带来了很大的困难。降低稠油黏度进而改善其流动性成为一项十分重要的工作。以植物油、脂肪酸及植物油甲酯为掺稀介质，以塔河油田稠油为研究对象，考察对比了3种不同的掺稀介质对稠油的掺稀降黏效果。研究结果表明，3种掺稀介质对稠油具有良好的掺稀降黏效果，在同一掺稀比下，植物油甲酯对稠油的降黏效果最显著，其次是脂肪酸，再次是植物油。通过斑点试验考察了掺稀介质和稠油的相容性和体系稳定性。结果显示，植物油甲酯与稠油相容性和稳定性最好，脂肪酸和植物油与稠油的相容性和稳定性相对较差。     

Rheological behaviour of processed avocado pulp emulsions

Shear rate vs. shear stress data were obtained on avocado pulp in water emulsions using a concentric cylinder rheometer and fitted to a power law model. Dilution, as volume fraction of water, had a pronounced effect on the apparent viscosity of the pulp emulsions and the Richardson equation, (η_R= exp.( a φ) for the emulsion viscosity fitted the data well. A mean slope coefficient, a , of 4.57 can be used as a first approximation. Enzymatic treatment (40°C, 1 h), is slightly more effective than thermal treatment (65°C, 1 h), in reducing the initial apparent viscosity of the pulp-water emulsions