取土场原位电渗处治过湿填料的施工方法

针对某高速公路取土场原位电渗处治过湿填料的施工方法进行了介绍,分别阐述了在取土场原位电渗处治过湿填料的施工设备、材料及其施工要点等内容,为电渗技术的进一步推广奠定了基础。     

Enhancing microcantilever capability with integrated AC electroosmotic trapping

Microcantilevers are finding wide applications in detecting biochemical agents. However, their usage has been limited to highly concentrated samples to ensure sufficient deposition of agents onto cantilevers. A pre-concentration or enrichment step will expand their application range to more dilute, practical samples and real-time detection. This paper reports the integration of in-situ particle concentrators on microcantilevers. Only a thin metal layer on microcantilevers is required to generate microfluidic convection of particles from solution bulk onto microcantilever surfaces, greatly enriching local particle counts and enhancing sensitivity of the system. A working prototype is presented in the paper. Preliminary experiments concentrating latex particles were conducted and the particle concentration effect has been experimentally verified using AFM probes as microcantilevers. As ACEO concentrator has no dependence on particle properties, the method is expected to be applicable to bio-particles collection.     

河道淤泥电渗-固化室内试验研究

为达到河道淤泥的排水减量和加固强度要求,缩短加固处理工期、降低综合处理成本,进行单一电渗、单一固化、模拟电渗-固化的室内对比试验,研究不同通电电流、不同固化剂掺入比、固化龄期等因素对宁波河道淤泥加固效果的影响。同时结合扫描电镜探究了加固土的微观特征变化,并进行加固机理分析。研究结果表明：采用较低的通电电流可降低综合处理成本、处理效果更均匀;固化剂掺入比在6%~10%的范围内,掺入比越高,电渗-固化联合处理相对于采用单一固化加固能够提升的强度幅度更明显;采用相同的固化剂掺入比,电渗-固化联合处理更有利于胶结物和水化产物的生成,电渗排水作用对固化土后期强度增长起到重要作用。     

用表面电渗法减少煤与外物的切向阻力

分析了煤的含水量及所受的正压力对煤与工作部件切向阻力的影响 ,并应用表面电渗技术减少煤的切向阻力。结果表明 ,煤的含水量与所受的正压力对煤切向阻力的影响有明显的交互作用。当正压力较小时 ,切向阻力随含水量的增加而增加 ;当正压力较大时 ,切向阻力与含水量呈抛物线关系。表面电渗法可有效地减少煤的切向阻力 ,但电极分布对电渗效果有很大影响。当正负极面积比为 1∶3时 ,最佳减阻值为 8 8%。     

基于真空联合水平电渗法的水力冲挖淤泥脱水量计算方法

以阜阳市城区水系水力冲挖淤泥为研究对象,通过模型试验采集了疏浚淤泥在真空、水平电渗、真空联合水平电渗这3种作用下的脱水量,分析这3种作用下淤泥脱水量间关系,提出基于真空联合水平电渗法的水力冲挖淤泥脱水量计算方法.结果表明:真空作用下,淤泥的脱水过程可分为主要排出液态水的快速脱水阶段和主要排出气态水的稳定促排阶段,液态水...     

真空堆载预压联合电渗竖向排水地基非线性固结解析解

基于等应变假设,采用非线性渗透及压缩模型,考虑真空度沿深度线性衰减以及随指数时间增加、附加应力随深度线性减小、有效电压随时间指数衰减特征,推导瞬时加载、单级加载和多级加载方式下的真空堆载预压联合电渗竖向排水地基非线性固结解析解.通过与现有文献中的试验和数值结果对比,验证推导的解析理论的正确性.在此基础上,利用该解对真空...     

交流电场作用下微电极表面电渗流流速的计算

为解决微流体在交流电场作用下电极表面电渗流的流速计算方法,在电极极化产生双电层的基础上,建立了交流电渗等效电路模型,通过对双电层容抗和溶液电阻的计算,得出了微电极表面交流电渗流流速的计算公式,并对各点交流电渗流速与频率的关系进行了分析.结果表明,电极参数为宽80μm,长2 mm,电极间距20μm的对称电极交流电渗,在电极表面上的各点电渗流流速与输入信号频率对数呈正态分布状态.研究结果为交流电渗驱动微流体提供了理论参考依据.     

Soil improvement using electroosmosis with the injection of chemical solutions: laboratory tests

The electroosmotic improvement of silty clay using calcium chloride and sodium silicate solutions as injection materials was studied. A series of laboratory tests were performed on reconstituted samples in order to assess the probable effectiveness of electroosmotic treatment with injection. Results indicate that the two injection materials can be effectively introduced into silty clay by electroosmosis. Very stiff cemented soil, approximately 5–6?cm in diameter, surrounding the anode, was formed due to cementation reactions between the two injection materials and soil particles under the electric field. It is justified to assume that pozzolanic reactions were responsible for the formation of very stiff cemented soil. In addition to the area of very stiff cemented soil, the region of improvement was also expanded to the cathode, near which the undrained shear strength of soil was increased by an average of approximately 195%. It was also found that the technique of polarity reversal was unnecessary for the employment of calcium chloride and sodium silicate solutions as injection materials.     

Reversed‐Phase Liquid Chromatography with Electrokinetic Flow Analysis System

Abstract

An electrokinetic flow analysis system was introduced for reversed‐phase chromatography separation. It consisted of a C₈‐modified silica monolithic column, a UV‐Vis detector, and a pressurizing electroosmosis pump (EOP) to deliver mobile phase steadily and continuously. Acetonitrile was used as the organic solvent component of the mobile phase, i.e., the pump carrier, to improve the separation resolution of three aromatic compounds. The effect of acetonitrile concentration on the separation resolution and flow rate of mobile phase was investigated. When 35% acetonitrile (v/v) solution, containing 0.5 mmol/L hexamethylene tetraamine, was used as the mobile phase, three aromatic components could be baseline separated by the electrokinetic flow analysis system.     

毛细管电泳仪电渗流进样装置的研究

毛细管电泳仪从 80年代发展至今以其优越的性能 ,在分析、生化、医药领域已有飞速的发展与应用。毛细管电泳分析的特点之一在于其进样量少 ,最少可达纳升 (ｎＬ)级 ,因此 ,对进样的准确度与重现性就提出了较高的要求。目前 ,普遍采用的进样方式有基于流体力学原理的虹吸进样、压力进样、真空进样以及电动力学原理的电动力进样[1]。这些方式存在其各自的优缺点 ,对于虹吸进样 ,由于采用了先进的机械装置精确度有所提高、重现性较好 ,但这种技术也存在局限性 ,尤其对于粘度高的样品和电泳缓冲液 ,并且所用的装置较复杂 ,设备体积重量大 ,成本…