基于情景应对模式的突发地质灾害应急防治探讨

突发地质灾害应急防治宜采用“情景-应对”模式,应急预案制定及应急决策离不开情景分析与推演。情景静态特性表现为地质灾害风险认知,可描述为灾害地质体特征、承灾体特征和地质环境条件等要素;情景动态特性可通过演变后果体现,即关键节点的应对需求变化。通过情景要素的应急响应特性分析,选择响应启动时间、灾害空间范围为一级标准,灾害地质特征和引发因素为二级标准,应对能力满足程度为辅助标准,初步提出了情景分类的框架。并针对单点滑坡、单体危岩（崩塌）、单沟泥石流、跨区地质灾害、区域强降雨、地震次生地质灾害和跨区地质灾害等常见情景,分别给出了应急调查处置方案要点。     

基于网络层次分析法的煤矿应急救援能力评价

针对煤矿应急救援能力评价指标之间相互依存和反馈的关系,构建了基于网络层次分析法和模糊综合评价法的煤矿应急救援能力评价模型;对该模型进行实证研究,借助超级决策软件和专家打分制实现了各评价指标的赋权和评分,并据此对不同煤矿的应急救援能力进行评价。实证结果表明,该模型具有较好的可行性和有效性,对煤矿应急救援能力评价研究起到了一定的借鉴作用。     

改良救护车急救系统 提高危重病人存活率——救护车增设便携式气管插管系统和呼吸机势在必行

在抢救急危重症病人生命、应对自然灾害和突发事件中,救护车发挥着极为重要的作用。然而我国救护车车载装 备仍然比较落后,只能提供最基本的抢救处理。本文从改良急救车装备角度出发,提出在救护车上增设便携式气管插管 系统和呼吸机,为呼吸困难的危重病人快速建立人工气道,最大限度赢得进一步救治的时间和机会,大大提高危重病人 存活率。     

Blending science and public policies for remediation of a degraded ecosystem: Jackfish Bay, north shore of Lake Superior, Ontario, Canada

The Jackfish Bay Remedial Action Plan is the first of Lake Superior's Areas of Concern (AOCs) to consider recognition as an Area in Recovery (AiR). As a result of a high degree of complexity and uncertainty, ecosystem recovery in Jackfish Bay has been determined using a combination of regulatory policies and scientific evidence and extensive public and expert-based decision making. As a result, the conceptualization of the AiR status in Jackfish Bay has been developed with the adaptive management and the ecosystem approach, which provide the basic principles of assessing, monitoring, and managing the Area of Concern. To determine the status of beneficial use impairments caused by effluent from the Terrace Bay Pulp Inc., three public advisory committees—an academic panel of experts, a government technical review committee, and the Jackfish Bay Public Area in Recovery Review Committee (PARRC)—reviewed relevant scientific data and documents, including peer-reviewed publications, to assess changes in pollution levels in Jackfish Bay and improvements to aquatic, biotic, and benthic environments of the bay. The public decision-making process concluded with recommendations by the PARRC to develop a systematic monitoring program so that the ecosystem recovery process in the bay could be assessed on a continued basis, leading to its eventual delisting as an AOC. The entire process provides an example of blending science and public policies for remediation of a degraded ecosystem on the Great Lakes.     

工程抢险装备配置分析

结合抢险救灾工程实践及其对工程抢险装备的具体要求,从科学配置的角度出发,分析了抢 险装备的选型、组合配套的要点以及主要抢险装备的能力、数量选择的有关方法。     

防汛抢险自卸汽车箱底积土自动清除装置设计

针对防汛抢险自卸汽车运送黏性物料时往往会造成车箱积土、降低自卸车工作效率的问题,研制了箱底积土自动清除装置.实际应用表明:箱底积土自动清除装置简单、实用,自卸汽车加装后,车厢不再有积土,减少了无功消耗,提高了黄河防汛自卸车的工作效率.     

纳微米聚合物调驱渗流理论模型研究及其应用

纳微米聚合物作为一种新型的逐级调驱剂,可在油层深部发生物理和化学变化,实现液流改向。根据纳微米聚合物调驱渗流特点,此文建立了三维三相三组分纳微米聚合物调驱数学模型,考虑了对流扩散和调驱渗流特性,采用隐压、显饱、隐浓的差分方法求解数学模型,并编制了相应的数值模拟软件。对纳微米聚合物调驱矿场试验区进行了数值模拟研究,分析了纳微米聚合物浓度、段塞长度、段塞组合对开发指标的影响,并制定合理的注入方案,实施后达到了增油降水和提高采收率的目的,与数值模拟预测指标基本符合。     

肖江堤险情及抢险技术方案

分析江西省赣江肖江堤2010年6月险情,总结抢险技术方案,并对除险加阎提出建议．     

行洪河道橡胶坝工程中应急电源的选择与设计

介绍了城区河道橡胶坝工程的特点,对3种应急电源进行了比较,提出了选用EPS作应急后备电源的设计思想、设计原理和容量选择的计算方法。