A note on pressure drop for the cross-flow of power-law liquids and air/power law liquid mixtures past a bundle of circular rods

The steady flow of non-Newtonian polymer solutions on their own and together with air transverse to a bundle of circular rods, has been studied experimentally. In particular, the frictional pressure drop has been measured as a function of non-Newtonian power-law constants, flow rates, voidage of bundles and the input fraction of air over wide ranges of conditions as: power-law flow behaviour index, 0.5 to 1; voidage values of 0.78 and 0.87-0.88; air velocity (superficial), 0.09 to 0.28 m/s and liquid velocity (superficial) 0.018 to 0.5 m/s. While the single phase flow results for power-law liquids are in excellent agreement with an existing equation, the two-phase pressure drop results are also in accordance with the form of the well-known Lockhart-Martinelli correlation. Based on these results, it is suggested that a value of 5-10 for the Reynolds number based on rod diameter marks the limit of the laminar flow in such systems.     

玻化微珠保温砂浆的吸放湿及导热性能

针对湿热地区潮湿气候作用下建筑保温砂浆受潮的规律,采用天平称重法对玻化微珠保温砂浆进行了自然状态吸放湿实验,并采用热湿气候风洞实验法对其质量平衡含湿率进行测定,进而采用平板法对其湿平衡状态下的导热系数进行了一系列测试分析。结果表明,在南方地区潮湿气候条件下玻化微珠保温砂浆质量平衡含湿率约为3．55％;湿平衡状态下玻化微珠保温砂浆导热系数修正系数在1．04～1．11之间,平均值为1．08,考虑受潮现象的复杂性,建议在实际建筑工程节能设计时,该修正系数宜取1．10。     

主机系统安全实时风险量化评估方法的研究

为了评价主机系统的安全风险变化,建立了一个描述主机安全状态的隐马尔可夫模型.利用该模型计算主机处于被攻击状态的概率,分析了影响攻击执行过程的因素,提出了一种计算攻击成功概率的方法,并最终计算主机系统的风险指数.该方法可以动态获取主机系统的风险态势曲线,有利于指导安全管理人员调整安全策略.     

浙江省能源效率的测度及影响因子分析

该文以浙江省11个地级市为研究对象,利用数据包络方法测度了其在1995-2008年间的能源效率值,并结合各产业能源消耗量对能源效率变化的影响做出经济解释;随后运用灰色关联分析方法对省内能源效率的影响因子进行排序,结果表明产业结构和市场化水平是主要影响因子;最后提出相关政策建议。     

智能电网建设中的无功优化技术

为消除传统无功补偿设计方法所造成的布局不合理、利用率和效率低下等问题,电网无功优化与电压调节智能化无疑将是智能电网建设规划的重要组成部分.新的无功规划方案将涉及电网无功补偿布局、实时监测与调配、新型计量与考核.新的无功补偿优化体系将对相关产业产生巨大的影响.     

Discrete element approach for mine dump stability analysis

Mine overburden dumps have posed significant safety issues in the operations of various unit operations of open pit min-ing especially the external dumps. The external dumps are composed of a mixture of fragmented rocks and loose soil. Their charac-teristic is comparable to heavily discontinuous solid mass. The conventional approach of limit equilibrium methods provide safety factors for the slope but nothing about the stress-strain characteristics of the large dump mass. The designs of dump location and their respective geometry are integrated for the know-how of the stability characteristics of these dumps. The discrete element method uses a circular disk to represent the granular solid mass and their interactions are described by the Newton's third law of motion. The displacement is described by the sliding of the circular disk. This work is focused on the modeling efficiency of the discrete element methods to represent the behaviour of mine dump masses with the specified joint plane for the limit equilibrium method. The advantage of the work lies on the ease of information retrieval at any point at the dump mass concerning the stress and strain histories, displacement, failures etc. which when integrated produces a better understanding of the stability of the dump masses.     

Deformation resistance effect of PAN-based carbon fibers

The deformation resistance effect of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fibers was investigated, and the variatipn law of electrical resistivity under tensile stress was analyzed. The results show that the gauge factor (fractional change in resistance per unit strain) of PAN-based carbon fibers is 1.38, which is lower than that of the commonly-used resistance strain gauge. These may due to that the electrical resistivity of carbon fibers decreases under tensile stress. In addition when the carbon fibers are stretched, the change of its resistance is caused by fiber physical dimension and the change of electric resistivity, and mainly caused by the change of physical dimension. The mechanical properties of carbon fiber monofilament were also measured. Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10672128 and 50878170)     

有侧移半刚性连接组合框架柱的稳定分析

为了研究有侧移半刚性连接组合框架的稳定性能,利用三柱子框架模型,考虑了梁端和柱远端不同约束情况对柱有效长度系数的影响,提出柱有效长度系数的简化方法.通过算例研究了节点的非线性弯矩-转角关系和荷载水平大小对柱有效长度系数的影响,比较了简化方法、Barakat-Chen方法与精确方法的计算结果.研究表明:简化方法比Barakat-Chen方法有更好的精确度,与精确方法计算结果接近.     

冗余度机器人扩展雅克比方法的应用研究

采用基于所提出的连续比例因子的梯度投影法,利用模糊推理规则动态求解了多性能指标融合中的权系数,对卫星在轨自维护系统的冗余度机器人推拉帆板作业进行了数值仿真计算。所得到的结果与采用固定比例因子的梯度投影法进行了比较,指出了采用固定比例因子方法的不足之处。实验结果验证了所提出的连续比例因子方法的可行性,为冗余自由度机器人的逆运动学解法提供了新思路。     

外商直接投资类型转变的实证分析

论文在文献评述的基础上利用1992—2008年日本、美国等10个主要经济体对华直接投资数据,实证检验了外商直接投资(FDI)类型与中国市场规模、要素成本、投资环境之间的关系。结果表明:FDI在中国既具有垂直型FDI的特征,同时又具有水平型FDI的特征,但水平型特征更为突出。随着中国经济的迅速发展和市场规模的扩大,进入中国的FDI正由垂直型向水平型转变。在实证分析的基础上,针对当前的FDI类型转变提出了相关政策建议。