柠檬酸铋合成新工艺研究

针对现有柠檬酸铋制备工艺合成时间长、能耗高、产品纯度不高等不足,介绍了一种常温下制备柠檬酸铋的新工艺。新工艺制备时间短,制备的柠檬酸铋产品质量好,合成过程产生的废水可循环利用,废气经碱液循环吸收可生产硝酸钠副产品。     

Stress-deformable state of isotropic double curved shell with internal cracks and a circular hole

This work is devoted to the stress–strain state of isotropic double curved shell with defect system. The construction is weakened by two non-through thickness (internal) cracks of different length and by a circular hole located between cracks. In this study we use the line-spring model. Within the framework of this model cracks are modeled as mathematical cuts of shell’s middle surface. This leads to a two-dimensional problem. The problem is reduced to a system of eight boundary integral equations. To ensure the uniqueness of solution an additional equation is added. In the numerical solution of the problem special quadrature formulas for singular integrals of Cauchy type and the finite difference method are applied. The influence of defects on each other for double curved shell has been investigated. The given theoretical results can be used for the calculation of structural elements with holes, cracks on the strength and fracture toughness in various branches of engineering.     

矿山地质环境恢复治理技术方法研究

自工业革命以来人类社会的发展和经济的建设就离不开对矿产资源的使用。我国自改革开放以来,经济得到了前所未有的飞速发展,人民的生活水平日益提高,但经济高速发展的背后,存在着对矿产资源过度开采和使用的问题。矿产资源的不合理开采和使用对原有的自然环境造成了严重的破坏,为了改善此现状,对矿山地质环境的恢复治理技术的研究就至关重要。本文就矿山地质恢复治理的意义进行阐述,进一步对其方法进行探究,最终提出有关的措施和方法。     

Mutagenic Effects of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Biological Cells

In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the design and use of iron oxide materials with nanoscale dimensions for magnetic, catalytic, biomedical, and electronic applications. The increased manufacture and use of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) in consumer products as well as industrial processes is expected to lead to the unintentional release of IONPs into the environment. The impact of IONPs on the environment and on biological species is not well understood but remains a concern due to the increased chemical reactivity of nanoparticles relative to their bulk counterparts. This review article describes the impact of IONPs on cellular genetic components. The mutagenic impact of IONPs may damage an organism’s ability to develop or reproduce. To date, there has been experimental evidence of IONPs having mutagenic interactions on human cell lines including lymphoblastoids, fibroblasts, microvascular endothelial cells, bone marrow cells, lung epithelial cells, alveolar type II like epithelial cells, bronchial fibroblasts, skin epithelial cells, hepatocytes, cerebral endothelial cells, fibrosarcoma cells, breast carcinoma cells, lung carcinoma cells, and cervix carcinoma cells. Other cell lines including the Chinese hamster ovary cells, mouse fibroblast cells, murine fibroblast cells, Mytilus galloprovincialis sperm cells, mice lung cells, murine alveolar macrophages, mice hepatic and renal tissue cells, and vero cells have also shown mutagenic effects upon exposure to IONPs. We further show the influence of IONPs on microorganisms in the presence and absence of dissolved organic carbon. The results shed light on the transformations IONPs undergo in the environment and the nature of the potential mutagenic impact on biological cells.     

Skeletal Muscle Health and Cognitive Function: A Narrative Review

Sarcopenia is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with advancing age. It involves both complex genetic and modifiable risk factors, such as lack of exercise, malnutrition and reduced neurological drive. Cognitive decline refers to diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual functioning. Contracting skeletal muscle is a major source of neurotrophic factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which regulate synapses in the brain. Furthermore, skeletal muscle activity has important immune and redox effects that modify brain function and reduce muscle catabolism. The identification of common risk factors and underlying mechanisms for sarcopenia and cognition may allow the development of targeted interventions that slow or reverse sarcopenia and also certain forms of cognitive decline. However, the links between cognition and skeletal muscle have not been elucidated fully. This review provides a critical appraisal of the literature on the relationship between skeletal muscle health and cognition. The literature suggests that sarcopenia and cognitive decline share pathophysiological pathways. Ageing plays a role in both skeletal muscle deterioration and cognitive decline. Furthermore, lifestyle risk factors, such as physical inactivity, poor diet and smoking, are common to both disorders, so their potential role in the muscle–brain relationship warrants investigation.     

Risk factors associated with online game addiction: A hierarchical model

Online gaming addiction has been increasingly recognized as a mental disorder. However, the predictive factors that lead to online gaming addiction are not well established. The aim of this study was to identify factors that may influence the development of online gaming addiction. A total of 263 patients with problematic online gaming addiction (255 males (97%) and 8 females (3%), age: mean = 20.4 ± 5.8 years) and153 healthy comparison subjects (118 males (77%) and 35 females (23%), age: 21.2 ± 5.5 years, range) were recruited for participation in the current study. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses among each set of variables were conducted. Individual factors (sex and age), cognitive factors (IQ and perseverative errors), psychopathological conditions (ADHD, depression, anxiety, and impulsivity), and social interaction factors (family environment, social anxiety, and self-esteem) were evaluated in a stepwise fashion. All four factors were associated with online gaming addiction, with psychopathological conditions being the strongest risk factors for the addiction. Individual factors, psychological factors, and social interactions were associated with the development of pure online gaming addiction. As before, psychological factors (attention, mood, anxiety and impulsivity) were the strongest risk factors for online gaming addiction in patients with pure online gaming addiction. Psychopathologies, including ADHD and depression, were the strongest factors associated with the development of online gaming addiction in individuals.     

Ranking of aircraft maintenance organization based on human factor performance

Aircraft maintenance organisation is a complex socio-technical setup, where human factors influence the quality of aircraft maintenance service. Maintenance service quality is assessed based on the commitment of management and its ability to provide suitable facility, tools, spares and manpower supported with comfortable environment and maintenance procedures. Assessment of the service quality of the aircraft maintenance organisation is a complex process. Airlines, regulators, insurance companies and other agencies need decision support system, to assess the performance of a maintenance organisation. This paper provides criteria and scientific approach for assessing the maintenance organisation; it presents a methodology of applying Analytical Hierarchy Process to prioritise the key functions and to rank the maintenance organisations under study. The study has established that maintenance service quality in airline is directly correlated to its fleet size.     

PET熔体长距离输送影响因素探讨

介绍了PET熔体长距离输送工艺流程,重点分析易对PET熔体输送带来不利影响的因素,如熔体压力降、停留时间、管道粗糙度、焊缝品质等,并针对熔体输送的不利因素,提出了相应的解决方案,对熔体直纺设计、实践提供必要的参考。     

环保法规对船舶涂料企业的冲击及应对措施的探讨

随着我国环境保护法规《大气污染防治法》的修订和《涂料征收消费税通知》的公布,探讨了其对船舶涂料企业的冲击及其应对措施。     

人纤维蛋白原对急诊外伤致创伤性凝血病疗效及相关因素分析

目的:探讨人纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen，FIB)对急诊创伤性凝血病患者的临床疗效及相关因素。方法:将2015年6月至2018年6月本院收治的100例严重创伤患者纳入本研究，根据是否创伤性凝血病分为凝血病组(80例)和非凝血病组(20例)。比较凝血病组和非凝血病组患者收住后第1个24 h的急性生理和慢性健康评分(acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II，APACHE II)、创伤严重程度评分(injury severity score，ISS)、低体温及低灌注发生率等指标。采用Logistic多因素回归方法分析严重创伤患者发生创伤性凝血病的相关因素。将80例创伤性凝血病患者随机分为观察组(40例)和对照组(40例)。对照组按照常规诊疗措施治疗，观察组在对照组处理基础上给予人FIB，比较治疗前后观察组和对照组的凝血功能指标，及治疗后的临床用血量、住院时间及病死率。结果:与治疗前相比，治疗后观察组和对照组的凝血酶原时间(prothrombin time，PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(activated partial thromboplastin time，APTT)及D-二聚体水平降低(P<0.05)，FIB水平明显升高(P<0.05)。观察组的红细胞(red blood cell，RBC) 输注量、新鲜冰冻血浆(fresh frozen plasma，FFP)输注量、重症加强护理病房(intensive care unit，ICU)时间及病死率均明显低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。创伤性凝血病患者PT>18 s(r=0.623，P=0.024)、APTT>60 s(r=0.722，P=0.018)、凝血酶时间(thrombin time，TT)>15 s(r=0.719，P=0.033)与ISS评分呈正相关。碱缺失(base deficit，BD)≥6(OR=3.678，95%CI=1.065～9.417)、格拉斯哥评分(Glasgow coma scale，GCS)≤8(OR=5.299，95%CI=1.122～8.711)和血小板(platelet，PLT)计数(OR=0.982，95%CI=0.971～0.996)是严重创伤患者发生创伤性凝血病的独立预测因素。结论:人FIB可有效改善创伤性凝血病患者的凝血功能，降低病死率、缩短ICU时间，创伤性凝血病与创伤严重程度、合并休克、低体温和重型颅脑损伤存在一定的相关性。