城市综合体小户型公寓设计探索

近年来,依托城市综合体的小户型公寓在我国逐渐兴起,发展迅速。以城市综合体小户型公寓为研究对象,对南京建邺万达广场进行调研和分析,探索了城市综合体小户型公寓的设计思路和方法,提出了小户型公寓的设计既要考虑户型空间的适应性和室内环境的舒适性,也要创造周围良好的居住环境和交往空间。     

Response of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) to stress induced by different types of pollutants – testing the fluctuating asymmetry

Damage caused to pine forests by industrial pollution is observed even several decades after emissions have stopped down. A simple morphological feature – the leaf fluctuating asymmetry – was used for assessing the condition of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stands growing in a heavily degraded area. In 2011, a study was performed on the developmental instability of needles in four naturally reforested Polish populations of P. sylvestris. Studies were conducted within the protective zone at a zinc smelter, a copper smelter, a cement plant and train tracks. All selected areas manifested a high extent of anthropogenic pollution‐induced environmental degradation until the end of the 90s. Currently, a reduced level of environmental pollution is recorded at these sites. Control group was a natural population of Scots pine from the region of National Park of Wielkopolska. The results confirm the usefulness of fluctuating asymmetry as a highly sensitive indicator of non‐specific stress. Also, it was shown that in areas degraded by human activity, poor condition of Scots pine persists that the stress factor has been eliminated. This tendency occurs particularly to areas contaminated by heavy metals.     

一种高效率的自动扶梯主机寿命测试平台

总结了传统自动扶梯主机寿命测试平台的弊端,介绍了一种高效率主机测试平台的原理、设计思维和性能;列出了传统测试平台和高效率测试平台的运行费用明细;指出这种高效率测试平台是一种免维护、节能环保、使用经济的自动扶梯主机测试平台。     

Performance evaluation of canine-associated Bacteroidales assays in a multi-laboratory comparison study

The contribution of fecal pollution from dogs in urbanized areas can be significant and is an often underestimated problem. Microbial source tracking methods (MST) utilizing quantitative PCR of dog-associated gene sequences encoding 16S rRNA of Bacteroidales are a useful tool to estimate these contributions. However, data about the performance of available assays are scarce. The results of a multi-laboratory study testing two assays for the determination of dog-associated Bacteroidales (DogBact and BacCan-UCD) on 64 single and mixed fecal source samples created from pooled fecal samples collected in California are presented here. Standardization of qPCR data treatment lowered inter-laboratory variability of sensitivity and specificity results. Both assays exhibited 100% sensitivity. Normalization methods are presented that eliminated random and confirmed non-target responses. The combination of standardized qPCR data treatment, use of normalization via a non-target specific Bacteroidales assay (GenBac3), and application of threshold criteria improved the calculated specificity significantly for both assays. Such measures would reasonably improve MST data interpretation not only for canine-associated assays, but for all qPCR assays used in identifying and monitoring fecal pollution in the environment.     

Diurnal and seasonal variabilities in surface ozone and its precursor gases at a semi‐arid site Anantapur (14.62°N, 77.65°E, 331 m asl) in India

Measurements of surface ozone and its precursor gases (NO_x and CO) have been made at a semi‐arid site Anantapur (14.62°N, 77.65°E, 331 m asl) in tropical Indian region for the period, 2001–2003. NO_x and CO levels were the highest during morning and late night hours at this site. Diurnal variations of ozone concentrations varied from 25 ppbv to 50 ppbv and were observed to increase gradually after sunrise, attaining a maximum value by the evening and decreasing gradually thereafter. During monsoon months, the diurnal amplitude of ozone was found to be small (20–25 ppbv). Seasonal variation in ozone showed a pronounced maximum (40–50 ppbv) in the winter and summer. Local pollutants were major contributors to the ozone levels during this period. Ozone shows a yearly mean mixing ratio of about 35.9 ± 8.8 ppbv. The daytime concentration of CO and NO_x varied between 200 to 1200 ppbv and 3 to 20 ppbv respectively for the period studied. Annual average mixing ratios of oxides of nitrogen (NO_x) and CO were observed to be 3.9±0.6 ppbv and 436±64 ppbv, respectively.     

基于地质环境质量分区评价的工程建设经济性对比分析研究——以广州市某规划核心区为例

选取广州市某规划核心区作为研究区,通过定性与定量方法相结合,开展地质环境质量分区评价,综合确定各规划分区工程建设适宜性和地质环境质量优劣,在此基础上,通过分析各规划分区的地基条件和施工条件,开展各类工程建设的经济性对比分析和研究,如房屋建筑工程、市政工程、基坑工程等,根据各规划分区工程建设适宜性与经济性,合理调整规划布局,降低后期城市建设成本和风险。     

我国上市建筑施工企业环境绩效与财务绩效关系实证研究

在对国内外有关环境绩效与财务绩效关系的实证研究进行分析总结的基础上,以单位营业收入排污费及其年度增量作为环境绩效的代理变量,以Tobin-q 值作为企业财务绩效的代理变量,选取我国上市建筑施工企业2010~2014 年的有关数据作为样本,综合运用了格兰杰因果关系检验、相关性分析、多元线性回归分析等方法,对我国上市建筑施工企业环境绩效与财务绩效的关系进行探究。研究表明积极有效的环境预防管理可带来环境和财务绩效的共赢,环境绩效与财务绩效表现出显著的正相关关系,环境绩效的财务绩效边际效益是递减的。研究还说明在我国当前环境信息披露严重缺乏的情况下,创新性地选择单位营业收入排污费作为环境绩效的代理变量是一个很好的选择。结论有助于鼓励我国建筑业企业积极主动地开展环境预防管理,从而保持和提升企业的竞争力优势。     

基于视觉分析的城市道路景观设计研究

景观设计的本质是“看”和“被看”,道路景观设计应汲取城市意象、环境心理和动态视景的相关理论知识,建立“道路—视景”的概念;本文综合考虑整合一体、环境契合、个性鲜明等景观视觉要求,从城市环境意象的构成要素入手,在视觉分析的基础上,提出适应不同地段环境特征的道路景观设计策略。     

基于环保理念下的港口航道疏浚工程建设研究

本文对环保理念下的航道疏浚工程进行了分析,指出了其具有定位和开挖精度要求高、控制疏浚过程的二次污染、污染沉积物的安全处理,以及采取专业的监测措施等特点。最后,又围绕着环保理念下的航道疏浚工程应采取的措施,对其提出了建议。     

LNG常压储罐蒸发率测量及影响因素分析

针对现有LNG储罐蒸发率测量的局限性,基于LNG常压储罐的日常运行数据,通过称重法和蒸气流量法分别测量储罐的蒸发率,分析充满率及环境温度等对蒸发率的影响。充满率在75%~55%时,对应的蒸发率呈先降低再升高的趋势。环境温度越高,BOG产生量越大,蒸发率越高,密闭LNG储罐内的压力上升越快。储罐漏热量越大,外界扰动越大,蒸发率越高。