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101.
G. MENEGHETTI P. LAZZARIN 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》2007,30(2):95-106
The paper presents an expression useful to estimate the notch stress intensity factor (NSIF) from finite element analyses carried out by using a mesh pattern with a constant element size. The evaluation of the NSIF from a numerical analysis of the local stress field usually requires very refined meshes and then large computational effort. The usefulness of the presented expression is that (i) only the elastic peak stress numerically evaluated at the V‐notch tip is needed and no longer the whole stress–distance set of data; (ii) the adopted meshes are rather coarse if compared to those necessary for the evaluation of the whole local stress field. The proposed expression needs the evaluation of a virtual V‐notch tip radius, i.e. the radius which would produce the same elastic peak stress than that calculated by FEM at the sharp V‐notch tip by means of a given mesh pattern. Once such a radius has been theoretically determined for a given geometry, the expression can be applied in a wide range of notch depths and opening angles. 相似文献
102.
Crack closure in fibre metal laminates 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
H.M. PLOKKER R.C. ALDERLIESTEN R. BENEDICTUS 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》2007,30(7):608-620
GLARE is a fibre metal laminate (FML) built up of alternating layers of S2-glass/FM94 prepreg and aluminium 2024-T3. The excellent fatigue behaviour of GLARE can be described with a recently published analytical prediction model. This model is based on linear elastic fracture mechanics and the assumption that a similar stress state in the aluminium layers of GLARE and monolithic aluminium result in the same crack growth behaviour. It therefore describes the crack growth with an effective stress intensity factor (SIF) range at the crack tip in the aluminium layers, including the effect of internal residual stress as result of curing and the stiffness differences between the individual layers. In that model, an empirical relation is used to calculate the effective SIF range, which had been determined without sufficiently investigating the effect of crack closure. This paper presents the research performed on crack closure in GLARE. It is assumed that crack closure in FMLs is determined by the actual stress cycles in the metal layers and that it can be described with the available relations for monolithic aluminium published in the literature. Fatigue crack growth experiments have been performed on GLARE specimens in which crack growth rates and crack opening stresses have been recorded. The prediction model incorporating the crack closure relation for aluminium 2024-T3 obtained from the literature has been validated with the test results. It is concluded that crack growth in GLARE can be correlated with the effective SIF range at the crack tip in the aluminium layers, if it is determined with the crack closure relation for aluminium 2024-T3 based on actual stresses in the aluminium layers. 相似文献
103.
Critical Shear Stress of Bimodal Sediment in Sand-Gravel Rivers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A new model for the critical shear stress and the transport of graded sediment is presented. The model is based on the size distribution of the bed surface and can be used to compute sediment transport rates in numerical simulations with an active layer model. This model makes a distinction between unimodal and bimodal sediments. It is assumed that all size fractions of unimodal sediments have the same critical shear stress while there is selective transport for the gravel fractions of bimodal sediments. A recently published laboratory transport data set is used to calibrate our model. 相似文献
104.
岩体渗透率与应力关系是进行岩体渗流应力耦合分析的基础。基于龙滩水电站边坡岩体渗流压水试验结果和边坡岩体岩性及物理力学性质,对岩体渗透系数和地应力进行了分析计算,给出了边坡岩体渗透率随应力变化的关系式,为进行边坡岩体渗流一应力耦合分析提供了可靠数据。 相似文献
105.
Based on the basic operating principal and the technology characteristic of electron beam physical vapor deposition(EBPVD) technique, EBPVD was used to prepare the micro-layer composites. The effect on the substrate preheating temperature was taken into accounts and the finite element analysis package ANSYS was used to simulate the internal stress field and the potential displacement changing tendency. The results show that one of the most important quality factors on the judgment of micro-layer composites is the adhesion between the substrate and the deposition layers as well as among the different deposition layers. Besides the existance of temperature gradient through the thickness of layers, the main reason for the internal stress in micro-layer composites is the mismatch of various properties of the layer and the substrate of different thermal expansions and crystal lattice types. With the increase of substrate preheating temperature, the inter-laminar shear stress also takes on a tendency of increase but the axial residual stress decrease. 相似文献
106.
The results of study of the effects of yttria stabilization (0–6 mol.%) on the room-temperature fracture behavior and toughening mechanisms in zirconia-reinforced MoSi2 are presented in this paper. Transformation toughening is shown to occur only in composites reinforced with zirconia particles stabilized with 2 mol.% yttria. However, the fracture toughness levels are comparable in the other composites with yttria levels between 0 and 6 mol.%. Toughening in the other composites is attributed to the combined effects of residual stress, microcrack shielding/anti-shielding and/or crack deflection. A rigorous micromechanics-based model is presented for the estimation of residual stress levels in brittle materials reinforced with phases that can transform during cooling or under stress. The model is applied successfully to the rationalization of the observed fracture and toughening phenomena. 相似文献
107.
Abstract— The yield criterion is interpreted as defining the metric of the stress space. Hydrostatic stresses correspond to null geodesies. The plastic strain increment represents a normal projection of the increment undergone by a certain scalar function (hardening function) which depends only on the distance between stress points. This establishes a flow rule formally equivalent to the Prandtl-Reuss equations. Consideration of un-loading processes leads to the analysis of equivalent paths and to the definition of a generalized length or separation which provides a new representation of kinematic hardening. 相似文献
108.
A method is proposed for analytical estimation of the high-temperature long-term strength of structures with material discontinuities, which are stress raisers. We consider the processes involving the formation of diffusion pores. Diffusion processes in metals are strongly enhanced with increasing temperature and stresses. 相似文献
109.
K. Y. Sze W. K. Chan T. H. H. Pian 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2002,55(7):853-878
This paper presents eight‐node solid‐shell elements for geometric non‐linear analysis of elastic shells. To subdue shear, trapezoidal and thickness locking, the assumed natural strain method and an ad hoc modified generalized laminate stiffness matrix are employed. A selectively reduced integrated element is formulated with its membrane and bending shear strain components taken to be constant and equal to the ones evaluated at the element centroid. With the generalized stresses arising from the modified generalized laminate stiffness matrix assumed to be independent from the ones obtained from the displacement, an extended Hellinger–Reissner functional can be derived. By choosing the assumed generalized stresses similar to the assumed stresses of a previous solid element, a hybrid‐stress solid‐shell element is formulated. Commonly employed geometric non‐linear homogeneous and laminated shell problems are attempted and our results are close to those of other state‐of‐the‐art elements. Moreover, the hybrid‐stress element converges more readily than the selectively reduced integrated element in all benchmark problems. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
110.
河口水流、波浪、潮流、泥沙、河床变形二维数学模型 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
根据河口“波浪掀沙,潮流输沙”的泥沙运动机制,引入“波浪幅射应力”反应波浪对水体和泥沙的驱动力.考虑波浪对底部泥沙作用力、波浪对水流挟沙能力的影响及风场对水流和泥沙运动的影响.同时考虑泥沙粒径大小、水体含盐度、含沙量及水流紊动程度等因素对絮凝沉速的影响.用ADI算法求解沿水深平均方程,破开算子法解悬移质不平衡输沙方程及河床变形方程,引入通度概念处理岸滩不规则边界,建立河口水流、波浪、潮流、泥沙、河床变形二维数学模型.通过实测资料及卫星摇感图像对所建数学模型进行检验,表明它可以较好地预测河口泥沙的运动 相似文献