海堤外滩地种树效果及对行洪影响

本文在野外调查的基础上，以新会和斗门两地堤外滩地种植适生防浪树为例，介绍了珠江三角洲河口区堤外滩地种植适生防浪树的实践与经验，及其固滩固岸，防浪护堤的作用和效果。对三角洲不同水文区的河道滩槽宽度比进行统计分析，据不同水文区受灾的主要矛盾，指出滩地种树的利和弊及其对行洪的影响。     

Occurrence and distribution of dibenzofurans and benzo[b]naphthofurans in the crude oils from the Northern and offshore Niger Delta basin,Nigeria

The occurrence and distributions of dibenzofurans (DBFs) and benzo[b]naphthofurans were investigated in crude oils from Niger Delta, Nigeria, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry. The distribution of DBFs was characterized by the predominance of C₂-dibenzofurans. 4-Methyldibenzofuran was the most abundant among the methyldibenzofurans isomers while dimethyldibenzofuran-2 (DMDBF-2), ethyldibenzofuran-1, DMDBF-3, and DMDBF-6 occurred in higher amounts when compared with other DMDBFs. Among the benzonaphthofurans, the abundance of benzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]furan was higher than other isomers. The DBFs distributions in the oils were not affected by source facies and depositional environments. However, the DBFs concentrations increased with increasing maturity in oils from ADL and MJO oilfields.     

浅水三角洲相沉积构成特征--以渤中25-1南油田为例

综合各种地质信息后分析认为,渤中25-1南油田新近系明化镇组主力油层为浅水三角洲相相沉积.在岩心观察和测井相分析的基础上,把浅水三角洲相划分为分支流河道、天然堤、决口和分支流河道间四种微相.各微相平面形态为分支流河道间夹分支流河道和天然堤,有时决口也发育在天然堤外侧.根据河道形态和沉积机理,分支流河道可分成两种类型底负载型和混合负载型,阐述了这两种河道各自特征并做了比较.由于河道窄,明确分支流河道期次、类型和分布是预测有利储层及布置井网的关键.     

斜坡带岩性油藏的形成条件与勘探技术--以孤岛西部斜坡带沙三段为例

斜坡带是岩性油藏发育的有利区带，也是济阳坳陷油气勘探的重点。以孤岛西部斜坡带沙三段为例，研究了斜坡带构造演化、沉积体系特征及其与油气运移、成藏的关系，指出扇三角洲砂体是形成岩性油藏的基础，断层的同沉积活动控制岩性油藏的形成与分布。通过分析沙三段储层与围岩速度特征，选用测井约束反演技术，对沙三段岩性油藏储层的空间展布进行了预测和描述。预测与实钻结果吻合较好，实钻误差平均为11％。     

基于自适应增量调制的语音延时电路设计

传统的脉冲编码调制需要较长的码,其实现结构复杂。文中介绍了增量调制(DM)的原理,说明了它的优缺点,引入了对它改进后的调制方式——自适应增量调制(ADM)。自适应增量调制不仅集成了DM调制实现结构简单的特点,而且大大降低了DM调制中的量化噪声和斜率过载噪声,性能更为优良。根据ADM的原理,设计了采用自适应增量调制原理的语音延时电路,通过流片验证了其优异的性能,实测延时后的噪声电压为-88dBV,总谐波噪声+失真<0.5%。     

Delta工艺Inconel 718合金热变形条件下的流变行为

在Gleeble-3500热模拟实验机上对Delta工艺Inconel 718合金进行高温压缩实验,研究其高温压缩变形的流变应力行为。结果表明:δ相时效态Inconel 718合金在本实验条件下具有正的应变速率敏感性,流变应力随着应变速率的降低和变形温度的升高而减小,动态再结晶是合金重要的软化机制。δ相时效态Inconel 718合金的热变形激活能为497.407 kJ/mol,高温压缩峰值流变应力与变形温度和应变速率的关系可用双曲正弦函数表示。     

岔河集油田水下分流河道砂体特征及对开发的影响

通过对岔河集水下分流河道砂体的特征以及对开发的影响进行详细的分析和研究,根据钻遇砂体统计,岔河集油田水下分流河道砂体表现为纵向厚度小,河道宽度窄的特点,单砂体厚度集中分布在1~5 m之间,河道宽度普遍小于100 m。加密钻井能新增钻遇砂体和油砂体,砂体和油砂体的连通率也有所增加;但即使井距加密到100 m左右后,井网对砂体的控制程度仍然较低。大部分油砂体难以形成注采关系,表现为有采无注或有注无采;有注采关系的油砂体也以两点法和三点法注采系统为主,难以形成完善的注采井网系统。油井和水井的多向见效关系主要是由于合层开发造成的假象。由砂体特征影响而形成的剩余油类型主要为:现有井网没有控制的透镜状油砂体,有采无注弹性开发形成的剩余油,和水驱单向受效形成的剩余油等。     

鄂尔多斯盆地中东部上古生界三角洲沉积特征

上古生界是鄂尔多斯盆地重要的含气层系，天然气的聚集受相带的控制，其主产层均为三角洲沉积体系。通过对盆地中东部上古生界野外露头、岩心及测井曲线等的综合分析，将区内上古生界三角洲沉积体系划分为辫状河三角洲及曲流河三角洲。分析表明，研究区两类三角洲沉积在岩性、沉积构造、沉积序列、测井曲线等方面存在差异。辫状河三角洲主要发育在中二叠世下石盒子组下部盒₈、盒₉段气层组，主体为辫状河三角洲前缘亚相；曲流河三角洲主要发育在早二叠世山西组山₂段气层组，以曲流河三角洲前缘沉积为主。勘探实践表明，曲流河三角洲沉积体系对于研究区天然气的富集有着更为重要的作用。今后应重点加强对山₂段气层组曲流河三角洲沉积体系中有利储集相的寻找，同时兼顾盒₈、盒₉段气层组的辫状河三角洲沉积体系。     

Acute β-Hydroxy-β-Methyl Butyrate Suppresses Regulators of Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Lipid Oxidation While Increasing Lipid Content in Myotubes

Leucine modulates synthetic and degradative pathways in muscle, possibly providing metabolic benefits for both athletes and diseased populations. Leucine has become popular among athletes for improving performance and body composition, however little is known about the metabolic effects of the commonly consumed leucine‐derived metabolite β‐hydroxy‐β‐methyl butyrate (HMB). Our work measured the effects of HMB on metabolic protein expression, mitochondrial content and metabolism, as well as lipid content in skeletal muscle cells. Specifically, cultured C2C12 myotubes were treated with either a control or HMB ranging from 6.25 to 25 μM for 24 h and mRNA and/or protein expression, oxygen consumption, glucose uptake, and lipid content were measured. Contrary to leucine's stimulatory effect on metabolism, HMB‐treated cells exhibited significantly reduced regulators of lipid oxidation including peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and PPARβ/δ, as well as downstream target carnitine palmitoyl transferase, without alterations in glucose or palmitate oxidation. Furthermore, HMB significantly inhibited activation of the master regulator of energetics, AMP‐activated protein kinase. As a result, HMB‐treated cells also displayed reduced total mitochondrial content compared with true control or cells equivocally treated with leucine. Additionally, HMB treatment amplified markers of lipid biosynthesis (PPARγ and fatty acid synthase) as well as consistently promoted elevated total lipid content versus control cells. Collectively, our results demonstrate that HMB did not improve mitochondrial metabolism or content, and may promote elevated cellular lipid content possibly through heightened PPARγ expression. These observations suggest that HMB may be most beneficial for populations interested in stimulating anabolic cellular processes.     

连续时间Sigma Delta ADC设计和非理想因素分析

文章设计了一个用于物联网模拟基带的、低压、低功耗、宽带、连续时间Sigma Delta ADC,特别是对各种非理想因素（时钟抖动,环路延时,运放有限增益和带宽,比较器offset,DAC失配等）,基于matlab和simulink等工具进行了系统级仿真并得到各种非理想因素对系统性能的影响。电路架构采用3阶3bit前馈加反馈结构,电源电压1.2V,输入信号带宽为16MHz,过采样率为16,采样频率为512MHz。测试结果显示,SNR为60dB,SNDR为59.3dB,总功耗为22mW。