豆干加工的微生物污染途径研究

微生物污染是豆干加工过程中的一种潜在危害,是影响豆干产品质量的主要因素之一.试验通过对豆干各加工环节及主要接触面上的微生物菌落总数的动态监测和分析,确立了豆干生产过程中的微生物污染途径及主要来源,主要是原辅材料(包括原料大豆、生产用水、凝固剂、调味料)、加工用的机械及器具、车间操作人员、车间空气环境等,这将为下一步对豆干加工过程中的微生物污染控制起到重要作用.     

保加利亚乳杆菌冻干菌种的研究

对酸奶发酵菌种之一--保加利亚乳杆菌的增菌培养基进行了筛选,得到了高活菌数的保加利亚乳杆菌增菌培养基,并进行冷冻升华干燥得到保加利亚乳杆菌的冻干菌种。结果表明:在添加有10%麦芽汁、10%番茄汁、0.05%CaCO3、1.0%乳糖的MRS基础培养基中培养保加利亚乳杆菌18h后活菌数可达到3.96×1011cfu/g。其冻干菌种的活菌数为2.53×1011cfu/g。     

硫酸盐法蒸煮过程Kappa值预测模型的研究与应用

本文在分析硫酸盐法间歇蒸煮机理的基础上 ,采用定性和定量相结合的方法 ,在吸收前人的成果后 ,提出一种新的实用的蒸煮过程纸浆Kappa值数学模型 ,该模型物理意义明晰 ,具有较好的蒸煮过程纸浆Kappa值的预报能力     

浓香型白酒控温发酵下糟醅典型微生物的变化趋势

研究了在用换热方式实现对浓香型白酒发酵过程温度进行控制的条件下,通过对控温发酵与传统发酵方法进行对照试验,用平板涂布计数法检测不同发酵期糟醅中典型微生物的变化趋势,探讨温度对好氧细菌、兼性厌氧细菌、酵母菌、霉菌数量的影响。表明在发酵前期控制窖内温度上升,利于酵母菌数形成生长优势;在发酵后期控制窖内温度缓落,利于兼性厌氧细菌的繁殖代谢;"前缓、中挺、后缓落"的发酵温度变化趋势更利于酯的生成。     

Effect of radiation on natural convection flow on a sphere in presence of heat generation

Effect of radiation on natural convection flow around a sphere in presence of heat generation has been investigated. The governing equations are transformed into dimensionless non-similar equations by using a set of suitable transformations and solved numerically by the finite difference method along with Newton's linearization approximation. We have focused our attention on the evaluation of velocity profiles, temperature profiles, shear stress in terms of local skin friction and the rate of heat transfer in terms of local Nusselt number for different values of heat generation parameter, radiation parameter and the Prandlt number and the numerical results have been shown graphically.     

Determination of Dextrose Equivalent Value and Number Average Molecular Weight of Maltodextrin by Osmometry

ABSTRACT:  Dextrose equivalent (DE) value is the most common parameter used to characterize the molecular weight of maltodextrins. Its theoretical value is inversely proportional to number average molecular weight ( M_n ), providing a theoretical basis for correlations with physical properties important to food manufacturing, such as: hygroscopicity, the glass transition temperature, and colligative properties. The use of freezing point osmometry to measure DE and M_n  was assessed. Measurements were made on a homologous series of malto-oligomers as well as a variety of commercially available maltodextrin products with DE values ranging from 5 to 18. Results on malto-oligomer samples confirmed that freezing point osmometry provided a linear response with number average molecular weight. However, noncarbohydrate species in some commercial maltodextrin products were found to be in high enough concentration to interfere appreciably with DE measurement. Energy dispersive spectroscopy showed that sodium and chloride were the major ions present in most commercial samples. Osmolality was successfully corrected using conductivity measurements to estimate ion concentrations. The conductivity correction factor appeared to be dependent on the concentration of maltodextrin. Equations were developed to calculate corrected values of DE and M_n  based on measurements of osmolality, conductivity, and maltodextrin concentration. This study builds upon previously reported results through the identification of the major interfering ions and provides an osmolality correction factor that successfully accounts for the influence of maltodextrin concentration on the conductivity measurement. The resulting technique was found to be rapid, robust, and required no reagents.     

钢丝软轴结构特性及生产技术要求

介绍钢丝软轴结构、规格、轴芯及各层钢丝的直径要求。对软轴结构特性、几种专用软轴的特殊性能及其试验方法和试验条件进行说明。阐述软轴生产的选材、捻制工艺、生产装备、捻制应力消除措施等技术要求。对软轴应用领域的发展前景进行展望。     

新疆薰衣草蜜活性成分的分析

以薰衣草蜜、洋槐蜜和椴树蜜3种蜂蜜为材料,对蜂蜜中的还原糖含量、淀粉酶值、蛋白质含量、总酚酸含量和它们清除DPPH自由基的能力进行分析。结果表明:薰衣草蜜中的淀粉酶值、总酚酸含量、蛋白质的含量分别为14.8mL/g·h、(200.8±6.9)μg/g和(25.35±2.74)mg/100g,均高于其他2种蜜,但还原糖含量比其他2种蜂蜜略低,为74%。3种蜂蜜均具有抗氧化的作用,薰衣草蜜与椴树蜜对DPPH自由基的清除能力相当,均高于洋槐蜜。总酚酸含量与抗氧化能力之间无明显相关性,说明蜂蜜中还含有其他的抗氧化活性成分。     

Effective solar power harnessing using a few novel solar tree designs and their performance assessment

Solar irradiance being considered as one of the most important alternative sources of energy can be harnessed in the form of electrical power using photovoltaic panels erected under the sun. Optimum conversion of power from solar panels can be obtained by using Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), which involves continuously adjusting the angle of panels according to the change in the angle of falling irradiance. These trackers, however, use some amount of power for operation of MPPT equipment. Various techniques for arranging the solar panels in three dimensions have been suggested for optimizing the output power from them. The inspiration behind arranging the panels are often drawn from the natural trees where the branches and the leaves follow a particular pattern called phyllotaxy which is directly analogous to the Fibonacci number and Golden ratio. In this research work, the power output from two solar tree models based on 3/8 and 2/5 phyllotaxy pattern and solar conventional panel compared under similar irradiance conditions. There are so many phyllotaxy patterns like 1/3, 2/5, 3/8, etc. When the solar panels aligned in different phyllotaxies, then the orientation direction of solar panels are distinct. Each solar panel connected in solar trees is in a different direction, so that they received the maximum amount of sunlight throughout the day as compared to conventional panels which is oriented unidirectional.     

关于不定方程ax+by=n的研究

对不定方程ａｘ＋ｂｙ＝ｎ（ａ,ｂ包含于Ｎ＋,ｎ包含于Ｎ,（ａ,ｂ）｜ｎ,）得出了其有非负整数解的充要条件;并得到当（ａ,ｂ）＝１时,不能表为形式ａｘ＋ｂｙ（其中ｘ,ｙ包含于Ｎ）的自然数的个数为ψ（ａ,ｂ）／２,在１,２,３,．．．,ψ（ａ,ｂ）－２这些自然数中,能表的与不能表的成对出现,呈首尾等距离对应。