Direct numerical simulations for assessment of gas-solid drag models in two-dimensional random arrays of particles

The momentum exchange between the phases plays a vital role in modelling of gas–solid flows and it is mathematically described by drag models. However, no consensus exists on which drag model gives the most accurate prediction of the drag force, and, despite the increase in available computing power, the same drag models are used in two-dimensional and three-dimensional simulations. In this study, direct numerical simulations of gas flow through multiple random configurations of static monodisperse particles are performed. The variations of solid volume fraction and particle Reynolds number are in the ranges of 0.05–0.4 and 13.7–136.9, respectively. The drag force exerted on particles is calculated and properly averaged. Based on the simulation results, thirteen drag models are compared and correction factors are introduced using the stochastic gradient descent algorithm. The correction factors provide a simple adjustment for the models to be used in 2D modelling.     

Regulation of Polymer Configurations Enables Green Solvent-Processed Large-Area Binary All-Polymer Solar Cells With Breakthrough Performance and High Efficiency Stretchability Factor

With the great potential of the all-polymer solar cells for large-area wearable devices, both large-area device efficiency and mechanical flexibility are very critical but attract limited attention. In this work, from the perspective of the polymer configurations, two types of terpolymer acceptors PYTX-A and PYTX-B (X = Cl or H) are developed. The configuration difference caused by the replacement of non-conjugated units results in distinct photovoltaic performance and mechanical flexibility. Benefiting from a good match between the intrinsically slow film-forming of the active materials and the technically slow film-forming of the blade-coating process, the toluene-processed large-area (1.21 cm²) binary device achieves a record efficiency of 14.70%. More importantly, a new parameter of efficiency stretchability factor (ESF) is proposed for the first time to comprehensively evaluate the overall device performance. PM6:PYTCl-A and PM6:PYTCl-B yield significantly higher ESF than PM6:PY-IT. Further blending with non-conjugated polymer donor PM6-A, the best ESF of 3.12% is achieved for PM6-A:PYTCl-A, which is among the highest comprehensive performances.     

图的正交(g,f)-因子分解

设ｇ和ｆ分别是定义在图Ｇ的顶点集合Ｖ（Ｇ）上的整数值函数且对每一个ｘ∈Ｖ（Ｇ）有２≤ｇ（ｘ）≤ｆ（ｘ）．证明了若Ｇ是（ｍｇ＋ｍ－１,ｍｆ－ｍ＋１）—图,则对Ｇ中任意一个给定的有ｍ条边的子图Ｈ,Ｇ有一个（ｇ,ｆ）—因子分解与Ｈ正交．     

夹层梁的高阶剪切修正因子

导出了满足夹层梁界面剪应力连续等条件的高阶位移场,据此给出了反馈横向剪切变形对夹层梁的弯曲,稳定和固有频率的影响的剪切修正因子,该因子计算简便,精度高,便于工程应用。     

关于Wiener过程增量的注

本文讨论Ｗｉｅｎｅｒ过程增量的下极限结果找到正则因子ｄ（Ｔ,ｔ）,使得ｓｕｐａＴ≤ｔ≤Ｔｓｕｐｔ≤ｓ≤Ｔｄ（Ｔ,ｔ）｜ｗ（ｓ）－ｗ（ｓ－ｔ）｜与ｓｕｐｓＴ≤ｔ≤Ｔｓｕｐｔ≤ｓ≤Ｔｓｕｐ０≤ｂ≤ｔｄ（Ｔ,ｔ）｜ｗ（ｓ）－ｗ（ｓ－ｈ）｜的下极限１。     

表达式的覆盖、分解与划分

本文把简单表达式（项和原子）视为语言Ｌ的Ｈｅｒｂｒａｎｄ域或Ｈｅｒｂｒａｎｄ基中的集合．作者提出覆盖表达式的概念,得到２个表达式之间覆盖关系的判别准则．对多个表达式,作者提出表达式的分解概念及相应的分解算法,在此基础上,本文给出卫个表达式覆盖多个表达式的等价条件．根据集合的划分公式,得到划分表达式的方法．最后定义１个变换把合取式转换为简单表达式,从而方便地把简单表达式的结果推广到合取式．本文是作者提出的一种标记逻辑程序的过程语义的理论基础．     

奇异值分解视频水印嵌入与检测及安全性测试

文章针对目前现有的基于小波变换和奇异值分解相结合的数字水印算法存在的缺陷,提出了一种新的视频水印算法:以二值图像为水印的混合整数小波变换和奇异值分解的视频水印盲提取算法,重点论述了奇异值分解的视频水印嵌入与检测以及安全性的测试.实验表明,提出的新算法具有较好的高透明性和鲁棒性.     

白云鄂博铁矿东矿边坡稳定性研究

针对白云鄂博铁矿东矿C区边坡产生的3处不稳定滑体,结合现场工程地质勘察和岩石力学试验,采用理正岩土分析软件5.5版及加拿大岩质边坡稳定性分析计算软件SLIDE5.0对削坡、锚索加固、注浆的二次加固措施进行了分析计算,通过计算得到的安全系数来综合判断该二次加固措施的有效性。分析计算结果表明,通过削坡、锚索加固、注浆的加固措施,可以使白云鄂博铁矿东矿C区边坡最危险滑面的安全系数达到1.186,符合设计边坡稳定安全系数要求。文章最后提出了实施这些措施时的注意事项。     

基于ACO和SPN的FMS故障诊断和可用性评价方法

提出一种柔性制造系统(FMS)的故障诊断和可用性评价方法;针对传统的随机Petri网在解决FMS故障诊断上极大受限于底层马尔科夫链规模而容易产生状态爆炸的问题,首先,将蚁群优化算法(ACO)融入随机有色网(SPN)中,提出并定义了一种能对柔性制造系统的故障进行诊断的诊断器;然后,通过马尔科夫链计算制造单元的可用性,得到FMS到诊断器的映射,从而可以得到FMS中所有可能生产过程;最后,在经典FMS可用性评价方法的基础上,引入覆盖因子,提出了一种新的对FMS生产过程进行可用性评价的方法;仿真实验显示了覆盖因子对系统可用性的影响,通过与传统方法进行比较,表明覆盖因子越大,FMS的可用性越高。     

一种隔水管涡激振动检测新算法

涡激振动(Vortex induced Vibration,VIV)是导致深水隔水管疲劳的主要诱因,振动位移或位移均方根是隔水管VIV监测的主要参数;针对VIV检测问题,提出了基于自相关矩阵分解的VIV频率和位移检测算法;给出了隔水管VIV检测模型,利用自相关矩阵分解算法检测出信号的频率以及相应的振幅,然后重构隔水管VIV响应位移的时间历程,得出位移或者均方根;仿真结果表明:与现有的Welch位移检测算法相比,基于自相关矩阵分解的VIV检测算法具有精度高,适用性广,实用性强等特点。