Cure reaction for modified diallylbisphenol A/diaminodiphenylsulfone/bismaleimide

The glass‐transition temperature as a function of curing conversion for a modified diallylbisphenol A/diaminodiphenylsulfone/bismaleimide (BMI) resin was investigated at different temperature regimes and modeled using a modified Di Benedetto equation. Although the relationship between the glass‐transition temperature and conversion of the BMI system conforms to the Di Benedetto equation for α < 0.6 and at lower cure temperatures, at higher cure temperatures the results deviated significantly from the equation; thus, it was an inadequate model for the system. Fourier transform IR analysis showed that the major crosslinking reactions did not occur during cure for the modified BMI at and below 150°C. However, as the cure temperature was increased, the crosslinking reactions responsible for 3‐dimensional network structures became more dominant. At 190°C the C? N? C_stretch vibration of the uncured maleimide ring converted into succinimide rings in the curing process. Simultaneously, a decrease was observed for the absorbance bands of ? C? H_bending (maleimide). The higher cure temperatures induced a significantly faster initial crosslinking rate and also resulted in a shorter period of time after which further crosslinking was retarded, because the increase in the crosslinks also physically slowed further crosslinking activity. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 227–235, 2002     

VSP旅行时反演应用于VSP—CDP转换

非零偏移距垂直地震剖面(VSP)模型的制作是非零偏移距VSP资料处理的关键环节之一,是VSP-CDP转换的基础。本文试用旅行时反演修正非零偏移距VSP的模型,以加速模型的制作过程,提高非零偏移距VSP的处理速度。用合成VSP资料试算表明:旅行时的随机误差对模型的制作影响不大;只要能较准确地确定界面位置,用旅行时反演修改制作非零偏移VSP模型是可行的。本文还探讨了初始模型的不同选择方法,并将旅行时反演用于实际VSP资料的处理。结果表明,大大地节省了非零偏移距VSP资料的处理时间。     

石脑油型加氢裂化催化剂的研制

采用共沉淀方法合成了石脑油一中氢裂化催化剂。在１００ｍＬ小型加氢装置上，对金属和分子筛含量等因素进行了考察，结果表明，研制的石脑油型加氢裂化催化剂具有初活性反应温度低，活性稳定性好等特点。     

Gas-phase selective oxidation of toluene on TiO2–sepiolite supported vanadium oxides: Influence of vanadium loading on conversion and product selectivities

Gas-phase selective oxidation of toluene has been carried out on vanadium oxide systems (5–20 wt.% of V₂O₅, equivalent to 0.4–1.7 theoretical monolayers) supported on TiO₂–sepiolite (with titania loading around the theoretical monolayer, 12 wt.%) and on sepiolite. A study has been made on both the influence of vanadia loading and of the support on the catalytic behaviour of the supported vanadium systems. The reducibility by H₂ TPR was also studied as well as the acid and basic/redox sites from the results of conversion of the 2-propanol test reaction of the solids. Benzaldehyde, benzoic acid and several coupling products were the main ones detected, attaining over 50% selectivity towards the benzaldehyde and benzoic acid products at a total conversion around 10%. The activity and selectivity to the selective products exhibited by vanadium systems supported on mixed support were superior to those exhibited by the systems supported on sepiolite and increased notably in both series with the increase in vanadium loading. The best catalytic behaviour exhibited by the vanadium systems supported on mixed support, which also exhibited the highest density of sites capable of being reduced (as well as their reducibility) and of those responsible for propanone formation, could be attributed not only to the different balance of the vanadia species existing in the two supports (monomeric + oligomeric/polymeric), but also to such other factors as the nature of the support and, concretely, its chemical composition.     

塑料排水板的等效直径

首先，通过室内模型试验认为，一字形塑料排水板在换算成等效直径的砂井时换算系数宜为0.85-0.9。然后，对等效直径的各种研究方法进行了讨论，并给出了排水板等效直径的定义。     

在N-数字小数分频器中的作用

分析了∑－△对S／N的改善作用，将∑－△在A／D中的应用引入到N－数字小数分频器中，简述了∑－△对N－小数分频器输出相位抖动的改善，提出用单级∑－△累加器级代多级累加器级联复用概念。     

实体造型及其二维图形转换技术在包装机械设计中的应用

介绍运用AutoCAD进行实体造型，再将其转换为二维图形，从而获得零件图的方法，该方法可以显著提高包装机械的设计效率。     

钢铁表面黑色转化膜处理技术

黑色转化膜技术是目前较为先进的钢铁表面处理技术 ,本文试验研究了一种新工艺 ,提出了TB值的概念 ,通过控制TB值即可控制处理液的质量 ,获得性能优良的转化膜。此工艺性能可靠 ,可操作性强 ,并可应用于激光热处理前的预处理。     

Open‐cycle OTEC systems with freshwater product: Effects of noncondensable gases on performance of condenser

An open‐cycle ocean thermal energy conversion (OC‐OTEC) system is one of the energy conversion methods used to generate electricity from ocean thermal energy. For the OC‐OTEC system, steam evaporated from the surface seawater due to flash evaporation drives the turbine. At that time, dissolved gas such as air is introduced into the low‐pressure system (OC‐OTEC system) as the noncondensable gas, which degrades the performance of condensation heat transfer. In this paper, a small‐scale OC‐OTEC experimental unit experimentally investigates the effect of noncondensable gas on the heat transfer performance in a condenser. The experimental results are discussed in comparison with theoretical estimation by the Sparrow–in method. It is shown that the condensation is occupied by heat and mass transfer near a condensation surface and that the condensation efficiency is affected by exhaust quantity of noncondensable gas at a relatively high concentration ratio of condensable gas. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 154(1): 29–35, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20179     

The development of MHD cold wall channels in the oil-fired condition

The durability of a cold wall MHD generator consisting of metal electrodes and alumina-coated peg insulators was experimentally examined in the oil-fired MHD condition with the additive of SO₂ corresponding to S = 0.54 wt%. The structure of the electrode wall and various anode and cathode materials were tested, with particular reference to developing long-life electrodes. It was clarified that Pt, SHOMAC (28.8 Cr−1.9 Mo) and SUS-304 as anodes and W---Cu (70 W−30 Cu) and WC---Ag (60 WC−40 Ag) alloys as cathodes were promising for durability and that the structure of an anode divided into two elements connected to each other with an SnO₂ resistor was very useful for uniformity of the anode corrosion pattern and the inter-anode voltages. It is reasonable to expect, from the test results, that the lifetime of a cold wall MHD generator in an oil-fired commercial plant will be over 4000 h, and therefore, a foundation for its commercial use has been established.