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31.
Sachiyuki Hasegawa Kazuyuki Shimizu Takeshi Kobayashi Masakazu Matsubara 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1985,35(1):33-42
Repeated batch operation using two fermentors (RBTF) to penicillin fermentation was demonstrated by computer simulation to improve productivity. Three operation modes were compared: chemostat, repeated batch operation using a single fermentor (RBSF) and RBTF; in each case account was made of the lag period before growth. The simulated fermentor performances were assessed on the basis of the penicillin productivity and concentration; the simulation was based on published batch fermentation data. It was shown that RBTF was superior to RBSF and chemostat. The advantage of RBTF increased as the lag period became greater. 相似文献
32.
张春兰 《石油化工设备技术》2002,23(2):41-42
新库区位于海滩上的回填土区 ,土壤pH值 5~ 6 ,地电阻≤ 2 5Ω·m ,土样含水量 12 %~ 2 4 % ,形成电导率高、透气性好和弱酸性的潮湿土壤 ,具有强的腐蚀性。此外 ,该区的土壤随着时间的推移 ,原海滩的盐碱通过扩散及毛细作用 ,使土壤的腐蚀性随含盐量增加而增强 ;因此 ,对新库区地下钢结构实施电化学阴极保护是很有必要的 相似文献
33.
储层敏感性快速预测软件在大港油田的研究与应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在储层特征分析,室内实验,机理研究的基础上,利用人工神经BP网络建立预测模型,并编制了预测储层5种敏感性的软件,该软件受人为因素干扰小,所需参数少,准确度高,综合符合率大于80%现场应用结果表明,该技术能为制定保护油气层技术措施提供较可靠的依据,能提高油田滚动开发效益,改善老油田的开发效果,该软件对BP算法进行了改进,(1)从两方面入手使网络摆脱平坦区,一是对输入数据进行归一化处理,使O1的取值在[0,1]之间,二是一旦网络陷入平坦区域,局部极小,使连接权值Wkj,Wji和阈值Qk,Qj同时缩小一个因子,λ>1,可使Ok(1-Ok)脱离零值,离开平坦区;(2)加速收敛,方法有自动调整学习因子,添加动量项以及对权值进行批处理,用BP算法预测储层潜在敏感性,首先应确定影响储层敏感性的主要因素,然后根据这些因素有针对性地收集有关资料并进行处理,再根据敏感性预测的要求,设计相应的网络结构进行训练,最后对训练好的网络进行.检验。 相似文献
34.
在介绍“铝丝印”概念的基础上,从金属腐蚀学的观点出发,分析了“铝丝印”形成的电化学腐蚀机理,并提出了具体的解决措施。 相似文献
35.
36.
Gibbs energies of formation of CoF2 and MnF2 have been measured in the temperature range from 700 to 1100 K using Al2O3-dispersed CaF2 solid electrolyte and Ni+NiF2 as the reference electrode. The dispersed solid electrolyte has higher conductivity than pure CaF2 thus permitting accurate measurements at lower temperatures. However, to prevent reaction between Al2O3 in the solid electrolyte and NiF2 (or CoF2) at the electrode, the dispersed solid electrolyte was coated with pure CaF2, thus creating a composite structure. The free energies of formation of CoF2 and MnF2 are (± 1700) J mol−1; {fx37-1} The third law analysis gives the enthalpy of formation of solid CoF2 as ΔH° (298·15 K) = −672·69 (± 0·1) kJ mol−1, which compares with a value of −671·5 (± 4) kJ mol−1 given in Janaf tables. For solid MnF2, ΔH°(298·15 K) = − 854·97 (± 0·13) kJ mol−1, which is significantly different from a value of −803·3 kJ mol−1 given in the compilation by Barinet al. 相似文献
37.
38.
Based on an idea introduced by Benjamin and Cornell (1970. Probability, statistics and decision for civil engineers. New York: McGaw Hill) and previous works by the authors it is demonstrated how condition indicators may be formulated for the general purpose of quality control and for assessment and inspection planning in particular. The formulation facilitates quality control based on sampling of indirect information about the condition of the considered components. This allows for a Bayesian formulation of the indicators whereby the experience and expertise of the inspection personnel may be fully utilized and consistently updated as frequentistic information is collected. The approach is illustrated on an example considering a concrete structure subject to corrosion. It is shown how half-cell potential measurements may be utilized to update the probability of excessive repair after 50 years. Furthermore in the same example it is shown how the concept of condition indicators might be applied to develop a cost optimal maintenance strategy composed of preventive and corrective repair measures. 相似文献
39.
Cypriano G da Trindade Neto Ana LP Fernandes Ana IB Santos Waldenice A Morais Marcos VM Navarro Tereza NC Dantas Mrcia R Pereira Jos LC Fonseca 《Polymer International》2005,54(4):659-666
Complexation of chitosan in aqueous solutions by low molecular weight electrolytes is one of the simplest methods for the preparation of aqueous chitosan dispersions. In this work, the influence of storage time, sulfate concentration, method of preparation and surfactant content on some properties of the resultant chitosan dispersions (turbidity, viscosity and zeta potential) was analyzed. Turbidimetry was adequate to monitor the formation of particles, while viscometry was suitable to monitor changes in the dispersing phase. An analysis of the properties of these systems, mainly in terms of particle–particle and macromolecule–macromolecule interactions was carried out. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
40.
A numerical solution of the inverse problem of the gravitational field at a single point is obtained using six field elements
for a point, a spherical cap, a differential spherical sector and a vertical segment. In the system of six equations obtained,
the unknowns are the mass of the body, the depth of its center, and the second, third, and fourth degree moments. The accuracy
of the solution of this system is ten times higher than when using three field elements.
__________
Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 5, pp. 3–8, May, 2007. 相似文献