Research on floating wind turbines: a literature survey

This article presents a literature survey of research and development on floating wind turbines. The various, proposed conceptual designs for floating platforms used for floating wind turbines are described and the working principles of these various floater concepts are outlined. This is followed by an overview of the research work that has been undertaken pertaining to floating wind turbine technology by several research institutes and the academic community. The research work undertaken to date is reviewed categorically according to the proposed floater concept (spar-buoy type, TLP type, semi-submersible type, pontoon type and others) as per sections 3–7. Based on the research work undertaken thus far, recommendations for future work are suggested.     

岩石锚杆在基坑抗浮中的应用

本文就岩石锚杆的设计与计算进行分析,结合某工程实例,就岩石锚杆在基坑抗浮中的应用进行详细的阐述。     

地铁运营线路既有普通扣件地段更换谐振式浮轨扣件施工工艺

本文以地铁施工中的轨道工程施工为背景,介绍如何在地铁运营线路既有普通扣件地段更换谐振式浮轨扣件。     

The frequency of CFVD speed report for highway traffic

The control signals of cellular networks have been used to infer the traffic conditions of the road network. In particular, consecutive handover events are being used to estimate the traffic speed. During traffic congestion, consecutive handover events may be rare because vehicles move slowly, and thus very few or no speed reports would be generated from the congested area.However, the traffic speed report rate during traffic congestion has not been investigated in the literature. In this paper, we present an analytic model to estimate the speed report rate from cellular network signaling in steady traffic conditions, that is, the traffic speed and flow are assumed constant. Real field trial data were used to validate our analytic model. In addition, computer simulations were conducted to study how speed reports are generated in dynamic traffic conditions when traffic speed and flow change rapidly. Our study indicates that in a typical cell of length 1.5 km with a typical expected call holding time of 1 min, no speed report was generated from a congested three‐lane highway. Our study demonstrates that the lack of speed reports from consecutive handover events during rush hours indicates severe traffic congestion, and new methods that can estimate traffic speed from cellular network data during severe traffic congestion need to be developed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

深圳证券交易所营运中心抬升裙楼施工阶段应力监测与分析

深圳证券交易所营运中心的抬升裙楼采用超长巨型悬挑钢桁架结构体系,具有悬挑跨度大、受力复杂、临时支撑卸载难度大的特点。采用自主研发的基于有线应变数据采集与无线信号传输的应变监测系统,在施工阶段,尤其是在卸载过程中,对抬升裙楼关键构件进行实时应力监测。通过长期应变监测数据统计分析、双轴对称测点应力对比分析以及焊接对结构局部应力增量影响试验研究,对施工中的抬升裙楼进行实时安全评估。结果表明：卸载过程中裙楼结构受力稳步转换;龙骨焊接施工产生的焊接残余应力对焊接区域附近的结构局部应力增量有显著影响。     

流动人口与经济发展--基于地级市数据的研究

流动人口与经济发展关系的研究是制定地方经济发展战略的重要依据之一,也是中国目前面临中等收入阶段需要加以解决的重要问题.利用2005年全国1%人口抽样数据和地市级统计数据,采用2SLS回归分析法,本文分析了流动人口与区域经济发展的实证关系.结果表明,两者之间存在着互为因果的关系,并且相互的影响程度大致相当.流动人口每增加1%,将会使区域GDP提高0.54%.在金融危机之后,中西部地区逐渐成为中国经济增长的主力,沿海地区加工企业也逐渐向内陆转移,因而中西部地区将成为人口流动的主要区域,而流动人口的增加也会进一步加强中西部地区的经济发展.     

储罐钢质内浮顶整体提升工艺及稳定性校核

钢质内浮顶整体提升工艺安装速度快,工艺简便,避免了传统浮顶施工过程中大量的高空作业。通过对钢质内浮顶整体提升工艺安装过程中稳定性的效核,有效保证了内浮顶整体提升过程的施工质量及安全性。     

高精度平面气浮导轨的误差均化效应研究

气浮导轨具有高运行精度、高平稳性的一个重要因素在于气体具有误差均化作用。为了探究误差均化作用的大小,通过多个不同波长的正弦函数来模拟导轨轮廓误差,建立平面气浮导轨物理模型,采用有限差分的数值计算方法求出动气浮导轨在运动过程中的各个平衡位置参数,进而利用最小包容法求出其运行直线度。结果表明:气体润滑很好地实现了气浮导轨误差均化作用,且效果明显;与无气体润滑状态时相比,气浮导轨在通气状态时的运行直线度提高了约一倍,与静导轨轮廓误差相比提高了约2/3。建立的气体误差均化效应计算方法为探究误差均化的影响因素奠定了理论基础。     

Ф2800mm旋转锻造工作台研制

旋转锻造工作台是大型锻造液压机组最基本的常用工装具,可完成饼块类锻件的全回转自由锻造镦粗工艺.针对高效灵活、大载荷、高热应力的Ф2800 mm锻造旋转工作台进行研制,通过采用可更换耐高温工艺垫板(上盘)、竖直蝶簧组上浮支承装置、紧凑型回转大轴承、快换液压系统等关键技术,解决了镦粗锻造工艺中大载荷传递、高温锻件热效应防护、紧凑型全回转液压驱动、便捷式快速装拆、高效可靠的机电液系统联动与安全防护等设计难题,应用于80 MN快速锻造液压机组的大负荷、高温工况,获得了工程实践验证,大大缩短了辅助工作时间,提高了“快锻”全环节工作效率.     

微孔节流气体静压止推轴承跨缝过程时变特性研究

目前,大型气浮平台均采用花岗岩平台拼接而成,平台拼缝会对实验效果产生一定影响。针对上述问题,以微孔节流气体静压轴承运动中经过平台拼缝时的时变特性为研究对象,建立微孔节流止推轴承物理模型,并使用CFD软件与UDF相结合的动网格技术实现轴承跨越平台拼缝的动态过程仿真,研究不同气膜厚度、进气口压力、平台拼缝位置对轴承承载力和压力分布的影响。结果表明：当平台拼缝到达微孔分布圆附近时承载力急速下降,且平台拼缝到达轴承中心时承载力下降到最小值;随着气膜厚度的增加,轴承承载力的最大损失比例随之增加,并最终稳定到0.6;平台拼缝位于供气孔分布圆之外时,轴承边缘与平台拼缝之间的承载面将失效;通过增加进气口压力,轴承承载力整体有明显提升,但承载力损失速度也明显加快。