Extrusion of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene under ultrasonic vibration field

The effects of polypropylene (PP) and ultrasonic irradiation on the processing and mechanical properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) are studied. The results show that PP can effectively improve the fluidity and mechanical properties of UHMWPE. The Izod notched impact strength increases from 92 kJ/m² for pure UHMWPE to 109.2 kJ/m² for the blend of UHMWPE with 10 wt % PP. The Young's modulus increases from 528 MPa for pure UHMWPE to 1128 MPa when 25 wt % PP is contained in the blend, and the yield strength also rises when PP is added. The application of ultrasonic vibrations during extrusion can prominently decrease the die pressure and apparent viscosity of the melt, thus increasing the output of extrudate. An appropriate ultrasonic intensity and irradiation time can further promote the mechanical properties, while an overdose of irradiation destroys them. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 2628–2632, 2003     

Homogeneous Fluidization Characteristics of Vibrating Fluidized Beds

The effects of vibration parameters, operating conditions and material properties on fluidization quality were investigated by the measurement and analysis of voidage fluctuation signals in a vibrating fluidized bed with a diameter of 148 mm. The fluctuation deviation of the bed voidage and the enhancement index of the bed derived can describe bed homogeneity and its extension. A new criterion of homogeneity, consisting of the material parameter (Ar), operating parameters (H₀, u/u_mf) and vibration parameters (a, ω), is proposed to predict a suitable range of homogeneous fluidization. Experimental results on eight kinds of solids, five static bed heights and different vibration parameters were used to propose guidelines for the reasonable selection of operating conditions for vibrating fluidization and better operating conditions.     

基于循环维纳滤波的振动信号去噪算法研究

振动信号的去噪需要在滤除噪声的同时尽可能避免相位失真。传统的锐截止低通滤波器或FIR滤波器无法在去噪效果和线性相位之间取得平衡,难以满足振动信号的去噪需求。针对这一问题,将线性相位的维纳滤波算法引入到振动信号的去噪中,并结合振动信号的循环平稳特性,形成了振动信号的循环维纳滤波算法。文中以直接维纳滤波为基础对循环维纳滤波算法的原理进行了深入分析和仿真实现,并基于实测汽轮机振动信号对算法的去噪性能进行了讨论。理论分析及算法仿真表明,循环维纳滤波算法在保证线性相位的前提下有较好的去噪效果,能够解决传统去噪算法所存在的去噪效果与线性相位难以均衡的问题。     

CJ91胶粘剂在螺旋振动光整机中的应用

螺旋振动光整机槽内壁的橡皮保护层由于老化及磨损等原因出现裂口甚至脱落现象，严重影响设备的使用寿命和闸把壳体的外观质量。通过分析和试验筛选出螺旋振动光整机的理想胶粘荆——CJ91胶粘剂并介绍了粘接修补工艺。     

Mathematical model of shear rate of polymer melt dynamic extruding through capillary

With superimposing a sine vibration of displacement on the extruding direction of a polymer melt, the characterization formula of the shear rate of a polymer melt within a capillary was set up. By making use of the experimental equipment of a constant velocity type dynamic rheometer of capillary (CVDRC) designed by the authors, the calculating steps of the shear rate of the polymer melt at the wall of the capillary under a vibration force field were established. Through measuring and analyzing the instantaneous data of capillary entry pressure, capillary volume rate, and their phase‐difference under the superimposed vibration, the polymer melt's shear rate at the wall of the capillary can thus be calculated. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 1056–1061, 2005     

木桁架搁栅楼盖振动性能研究

为了深刻理解木桁架搁栅楼盖振动性能与居住者感受之间的关系,对木桁架搁栅楼盖振动性能进行了试验研究和主观评价。研究发现木桁架搁栅楼盖的基本自振频率、静态挠度和振动加速度等指标与居住者的感受有密切关系;通过在木桁架搁栅楼盖中增加横撑和板条撑等加强附件能显著改善了其振动性能;建议木楼盖减振设计体系中将静态挠度和基本自振频率作为设计指标,而评价体系中除静态挠度和基本自振频率外增加峰值加速度这一评价指标。     

天线座扭转振动固有频率分析

文中以某转台式天线座为研究对象,首先,采用拉格朗日法创建了考虑系统中电机、减速器和安装平台势能及各主要零部件动能的扭转振动动力学模型,并得到了可用于固有频率计算的解析表达式;其次,基于ADAMS建立了面向实体的动力学模型并进行仿真分析,求得的固有频率与理论分析结果吻合。该方法可为天线座的动态性能分析提供参考。     

水中运行设备共振幅频特性研究

在水力机械等淹没水中设备的运行中,常遇到剧烈振动造成设备损坏等故障,多认为由共振引起。本文首先对单自由度简谐振动系统自由振动、强迫振动方程的稳态振动解进行无量纲化处理,计算出不同阻尼比条件下的共振频率比、共振幅值比,发现阻尼比、共振频率比、共振幅值比三者之间存在一一对应的单调变化关系,并据此提出了分别测量设备在水中及空气中的自由振动频率,假定空气中自由振动频率为设备固有频率,再依次确定水中阻尼比和共振幅值比的反求式估算方法。本研究采用敲击法进行了混流式水轮机模型转轮水中及空气中自由振动频率测试,发现其水中自由振动频率比空气中低,其水中一阶自由振动频率与空气中一阶自由振动频率之比约为0.758~0.872;如假定该值为水中自由振动频率比,可计算出相应的水中阻尼比为0.652~0.490,共振幅值比约为1.01~1.17。本研究还进行了中间固定两侧悬臂梁在空气及水中的真实共振试验,在两侧悬臂梁计算固有频率附近均发生明显共振,发现水中共振频率比空气中明显降低,用反求法获得的水中共振幅值比小于2,水中共振幅值对空气中初始振动幅值放大倍数也非常小,进一步说明水中共振时对激振幅值的放大作用非常有限。     

Performance‐based near‐optimal vibration control for nonlinear offshore platforms with delayed input

This paper investigates the vibration control problem for offshore platform, where the nonlinear characteristics, delayed input and external wave force are considered in time domain. By introducing a delay‐free reconstructional vector and applying the maximum principle, the original vibration problem for offshore platform is formulated as a nonlinear two‐point‐boundary‐value (TPBV) problem with delayed items. The major contribution of this paper is that a performance‐based near‐optimal vibration control strategy is proposed by solving this nonlinear TPBV problem, which includes a feedback item with offshore platform system state, a feedforward item with wave force state, and a compensator for nonlinear and delayed items with infinite supersensitive component. In particular, the designed compensator is calculated from two group series of linear differential equations by introducing a parameter for expending the Maclaurin series of nonlinear and delay items. Meanwhile, an iterative algorithm is designed to make the proposed vibration control scheme computable based on the control performance in each iterative procedure. Finally, experimental results show that the displacement, velocity and performance index of an employed offshore platform achieved small values under the proposed control strategy and designed algorithm.     

基于车体横移振动的高速列车虚拟复合阻尼天棚控制算法研究

高速列车车体横向随机振动由车体的横移振动、侧滚振动和摇头振动三自由度合成,是影响车体横向运行平稳性的关键;为了改善列车横向运行平稳性,提高半主动控制性能;通过建立某型高速列车动力学模型,对车体横向振动特性进行分析,得出横移振动的加剧是造成车体合成横向振动和横向平稳性恶化的主要原因;通过分析在传统天棚阻尼控制算法下分别以车体合成横向振动为反馈和以横移振动为反馈对车体横向振动的控制效果,得出采用以车体横移振动为反馈的传统天棚阻尼控制算法对车体横向振动的抑制效果更佳;在此基础上,提出一种以车体横移振动为反馈的虚拟复合阻尼天棚控制算法,并进行联合仿真分析;结果表明:相比于被动控制,采用虚拟复合阻尼天棚控制算法后,车体合成横向振动加速度峰值、均方根值和平稳性改善率分别达到了46%、43%和19.5%,均高于采用传统天棚阻尼控制算法;可见,采用虚拟复合阻尼天棚控制算法在抑制车体合成横向振动,改善车体横向平稳性方面控制性能更佳。