含盐高湿地区沥青抗剥落剂的应用

为提高含盐高湿地区沥青混合料的水稳定性,首先采用改进的水煮法初步确定各抗剥落剂在含盐高湿环境下的合理掺量;然后对掺有不同抗剥落剂的沥青混合料进行冻融劈裂试验和动水压力冲刷劈裂试验,优选适合含盐高湿环境的抗剥落剂种类;最后进行浸水汉堡车辙试验、常规车辙试验和低温弯曲试验,确定含盐高湿环境下抗剥落剂的最佳掺量范围.结果表明:非胺类抗剥落剂A、T在老化后的性能优于胺类抗剥落剂P、H,掺有抗剥落剂A的混合料冻融劈裂强度比和冲刷劈裂强度比均最大;建议含盐高湿地区采用抗剥落剂A来提高混合料的水稳定性,其最佳掺量范围为沥青用量的0.5%~0.7%.     

Quantitative analysis on distribution of modifier in microstructure of SBS modified asphalt

A method was developed to make a quantitative analysis of the microstructure of asphalt modified with styrene-butadiene-styrene block(SBS) copolymer. Moreover, both mixed and branched SBS were employed in the preparation of modified asphalt. By sampling specimens from the top, middle, and bottom, a number of microscope slides were made and 400 times micro images were gained. Binarized with the software of MATLAB, the images then went to the process of distribution test, when four typical distributions were employed to investigate the distribution of modifi er spread in asphalt. The distribution characteristic and its parameter were both found. The results show that asphalt phase clearly obeys Poisson distribution, and its parameter, λ, is bond up with the condition SBS performs in. Based on this parameter, indexes can be set up to evaluate the structure of the mixture and its performance as well. Compared with that modifi ed with mixed SBS, the asphalt modifi ed with branched SBS has better performance but worse stability, for it is easier to segregate.     

Mechanism of Fume Suppression and Performance on Asphalt of Expanded Graphite for Pavement under High Temperature Condition

Fume suppression mechanisms and the effect of expanded graphite on the performance of asphalt were studied by applying infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and comprehensive thermal analysis(TG, DSC). The experimental results confirm that asphalt which is mixed with expandable graphite will expand in the process of hot mix, and the expanded graphite layer will swell by the light component in the asphalt. The light component in the asphalt and PAHs adsorption on expanded graphite surface or part of the plug in the expanded graphite layer between plates made nucleation crystallization growth. And the Van der Waals force and the bonding of the lattice can effectively restrain the asphalt fume release. Meanwhile, the expanding agent with oxidative can spread into the asphalt, leading to asphalt oxygenated and plastic abate, while the ductility decreases. Expanded graphite, SBS modifier and environment- friendly plasticizers are used to composite modified asphalt. According to asphalt fume release experiment, normal test of asphalt performance, Brookfield viscosity test, RTFOT test and asphalt mixture tests(high temperature stability, low temperature stability, water stability), it has been proven that the modified asphalt's performance is better than that of matrix asphalt and equivalent to that of SBS modified asphalt. Furthermore, it has good fume suppression effect.     

灌缝胶应用现场评价指标及评价方法

良好的灌缝能减少沥青路面水损害,减缓路面病害的发生,延长沥青路面使用寿命.但目前沥青路面灌缝主要靠经验施工,对于灌缝后使用效果的评价研究较少.本文依托吉林省内多条高速公路沥青路面灌缝实际情况,建立了灌缝后使用情况评价指标及评价方法.     

动水压力作用下沥青路面水-孔隙结构应力分析

为了研究动水压力对沥青路面产生水损害的原因,对水-孔隙结构进行了应力分析,建立了沥青路面水-孔隙结构承受车辆荷载的模型,提出了沥青路面空隙率与孔隙水压力的关系,并讨论了沥青路面内部因孔隙水压力而致使孔壁在反复的荷载作用下发生的胀裂与抽吸和冲刷作用.     

级配碎石基层非线性对沥青路面结构受力的影响

目的基于级配碎石基层材料的非线性特征,研究级配碎石上基层沥青路面结构力学响应规律,进而为该种路面结构设计提供理论依据．方法通过ABAQUS有限元软件的二次开发,运用Fortran语言对级配碎石非线性本构模型进行编译,建立级配碎石上基层沥青路面结构的有限元模型．结果随级配碎石层和面层厚度的增加,级配碎石非线性沥青路面结构各结构层所受层底拉应力较级配碎石线弹性沥青路面结构都有所增加,路表弯沉变化不大．推荐在中等级交通下的面层厚度为7—15cm,级配碎石层厚度为10—15cm．结论应用该种路面结构时,考虑到级配碎石层非线性对该路面结构受力产生的不利影响,必须确定合理的级配碎石层和面层厚度．     

橡胶沥青水老化试验研究

沥青路面的长期使用过程中,水是影响沥青老化的主要因素之一。为研究水老化作用方式及水量对橡胶沥青老化性能的影响,本文以橡胶沥青和TOR橡胶沥青两种材料为例,通过改变水作用阶段和用水量试验研究不同水老化方式对橡胶沥青老化后软化点、粘度、疲劳因子、蠕变劲度、蠕变速率的影响。试验结果表明：选择在压力老化前三分之一时间（400min）进行加水压力老化试验,后三分之二时间进行无水压力老化试验的水老化作用方式最具可行性;对比无水压力老化试验和加水压力老化试验可知,水的存在促进了橡胶沥青的热氧老化;随水量的增加,TOR橡胶沥青的高温稳定性能降低,抗疲劳开裂能力和低温性能降低,沥青老化加剧。     

不同标号沥青的流变性能

借助温度扫描、频率扫描、多重应力蠕变恢复等实验,对20号、30号、50号、70号沥青及其旋转薄膜烘箱老化后沥青的流变性能进行了评价。结果表明：随着温度升高,4种沥青老化前后复数剪切模量和车辙因子均降低,并且老化后的高于老化前;在60℃温度下,无论是在低频还是高频荷载作用下,标号越低,沥青耐剪切变形能力越强,耐车辙性越好,而应力敏感性降低;标号越低的沥青,G-R参数值越大,耐开裂性则降低。     

基于比表面积计算的泡沫铝彩色处理时的电流控制

对泡沫铝进行彩色处理可能美化外观且改善其防护性能。试验表明，泡沫铝的表面处理工艺与铝材的大致相同，在此工艺中泡沫铝的比表面对电流值的影响是关键因素。利用泡沫铝透气系数正确计算其比表面积，从而得到有效的电流值。把电流值控制在该范围内，可得到氧化膜厚度大致为15μm，且着色色泽均匀。     

沥青拌和站智能监控系统设计

沥青拌和站生产过程远程监控和数据动态管理是提高混合料质量和生产效率的关键技术.根据混合料的生产工艺和控制要求,设计了生产流程的监控界面、操作菜单和数据库,设计了参数设置、电子计量、系统配置以及数据管理等功能.针对电机的远程输入与输出模块,自行开发通信协议,采用巡检仪对电机的电流进行采集,为防止数据丢失和系统故障,采用双机冗余设计.实例表明,该系统能够有效实现对沥青拌和站生产数据的实时采集、处理、分析及远程传输打印等功能,具有实际应用价值.