三塘湖盆地哈尔加乌组火山岩储集层孔隙特征及成因

低温氮气吸附实验是研究致密储集层微观结构特征的重要手段之一,目前在碎屑岩致密储集层研究中取得了较好的效果。应用低温氮气吸附实验,研究三塘湖盆地石炭系火山岩致密储集层纳米级孔隙的成因。实验分析表明：三塘湖盆地上石炭统哈尔加乌组火山岩低温氮气吸附等曲线以墨水瓶形为主,随着深度增加,样品的平均孔径逐渐减小,总孔体积逐渐增大,样品比表面积逐渐增大,表征孔隙表面粗糙程度的分形维数也增大。结合场发射扫描电镜分析表明,三塘湖盆地哈尔加乌组火山岩致密储集层的微观孔隙结构形态与溶蚀作用有关,储集层埋藏越深,介于火山岩内部的烃源岩生成的有机酸越多,溶蚀作用就越强烈,长石等不稳定矿物溶蚀以后,形成新的矿物在喉道沉淀,一方面增加储集层的微观孔隙体积,另一方面降低了储集层渗透率。     

气井柱塞举液机理CFD模拟及工艺参数优化

目前关于柱塞举液机理的认识不够清晰,这对柱塞高效举液工艺参数及工具结构的进一步优化造成不利影响。为此,采用VOF (Volume of Fluid)流体模拟方法对柱塞举液上行过程中的气液两相流场进行CFD模拟,对柱塞气液流动过程及密封原理进行探讨和分析,并对不同柱塞上行速度及不同紊流槽尺寸下的流场分布进行模拟对比,确定柱塞运行的最佳条件。研究结果表明:柱塞上行过程紊流槽中液体与气流间的相互作用阻碍了气体向柱塞上端的窜流及液体向下的泄漏;气流进入每级紊流槽形成漩涡,使部分动能转化为内能耗散达到密封效果;柱塞上行速度较低时,流场中无漏液,窜气量随上行速度增加而减小;上行速度较高时,紊流槽中全为液相,漏液量随上行速度增大而增加;模拟范围内密封最佳的柱塞运行速度为4. 0~4. 5 m/s;当紊流槽宽度与深度相等时其密封作用最差,当紊流槽宽度为深度的2倍时,液体与气流间的相互作用最强烈,密封效果最佳。研究结果可为柱塞气举工艺制度及参数的优化提供指导。     

Rheological characterization of filled polyamide 11 and polyamide 12 solutions in polyols

A thorough understanding of the rheological properties of real-world, formulated polymer melts and solutions is important to fabricate articles via typical melt processing techniques. Polyamides have been studied extensively in the area of water purification applications. In this work, the viscosity of these homogeneous polyamide 11 and polyamide 12 solutions in specific polyols was measured in the single phase region as a function of shear rate and temperature via capillary rheometry. In addition, the viscosity of the same polyamide solutions containing various levels of dispersed, nanoscale calcium carbonate particles was characterized in order to understand the rheology of the filled systems. Viscosity-reduced shear rate master curves were constructed by applying the principle of time–temperature superposition, and the activation energies were measured for the polyamide-polyol solutions. The observed increase in viscosity caused by the addition of nanofiller could not be explained by simply applying a vertical shift to the master curve, and a density exponent was required to account for the stiffening mechanism. Also, the dependence of the relative viscosity on the filler loading was shown to be consistent with the hypothesis that the filler particles were organized in the form of small fractal aggregates. The filled polyamide 11 systems exhibited higher relative viscosities than the filled polyamide 12 systems, indicating a higher level of particle aggregation and larger mean cluster size for the filled polyamide 11 systems. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 48244.     

基于宇宙量子算法的微小零件尺寸检测

通过建立主、从式宇宙空间结构改善了量子算法的运行效率,非正交二次B样条小波和最小二乘小波支持向量回归机对零件边缘进行检测,给出了微小零件尺寸检测流程。试验仿真显示该算法对微小零件尺寸测量数据波动范围较小,方差值相比其他方法值较低,其中UQ算法测量的外轮直径测量方差值比HI、MM、AIT、IF、IGR算法分别减少了75.29%,78.40%,64.47%,60.95%,52.15%;UQ算法测量的内轮直径测量方差值比HI、MM、AIT、IF、IGR算法分别减少了72.89%,76.75%,62.66%,59.22%,50.13%,提高了微小零件的精度测量。     

A general n-fractal aperiodic zone plate

We propose a general n-fractal aperiodic zone plate generating a beam with the first-order foci with more chosen positions. The construction method of the general n-fractal aperiodic zone plate can apply to many aperiodic zone plates, e.g. fractal, Thue-Morse and Fibonacci zone plates, and the general n-fractal aperiodic zone plates can generate more adjustable first-order foci. Parameters of the n-fractal aperiodic zone plate such as the substitution rule and the fractal order are examined and found not to affect the fractal distribution of the first-order foci. The more adjustable first-order foci generated by the general n-fractal aperiodic zone plate have been verified with both simulations and experiments.     

Structural dimension optimization and mechanical response analysis of fabricated honeycomb plastic pavement slab

Because of favorable mechanical properties, deformation resistance and being conducive to environmental protection, honeycomb fabricated plastic pavement slabs are highly recommended these years. At present, most studies focus on the performance of plastic materials, however, the dimension optimization of fabricated plastic pavement slab is rarely mentioned. In this paper, an optimized geometry of the honeycomb pavement slab was determined through finite element analysis. Mechanical response of honeycomb slabs with different internal dimensions and external dimensions were explored. Several dimension factors were taken into consideration including the side length, rib thickness, the thickness of both top and bottom slabs of honeycomb structure and the length, the width and the thickness of the fabricated plastic slab. The results showed that honeycomb pavement slab with 6 cm bottom slab, 12 cm top slab,18 cm side length and 6 cm rib thickness is recommended, additionally, an external dimension of 4 m × 4 m × 0.45 m is suggested. Then, the mechanical responses of this optimized fabricated plastic slab were further investigated. Significance of different influencing factors, including wheel load, elastic modulus of plastic material, base layer thickness, soil foundation modulus and base layer modulus were ranked.     

A novel approach to hedge and compensate the critical dimension variation of the developed-and-etched circuit patterns for yield enhancement in semiconductor manufacturing

Linewidth control is critical for yield enhancement in semiconductor manufacturing. As wafer fabrication reaching nano-technology nodes, existing approaches on advanced equipment control and advanced process control (AEC/APC) for variation control of individual processes are increasingly difficult to achieve desired process control due to shrinking process windows. This study aims to propose a novel approach to determine tool affinity to hedge the variation between the photolithography for pattern development and the etching process to effectively reduce the etching bias caused by tool misalignment. In particular, the proposed approach integrates a feed-forward run-to-run (R2R) controller and the proposed mini-max regret tool dispatching rules in light of the tool characteristics of the photolithography and etching processes. To validate the proposed approach, an empirical study was conducted in a leading semiconductor company in Taiwan and the results showed practical viability of the approach.     

Ergonomic mismatch between students anthropometry and university classroom furniture

University students spend most of their time in classrooms, mostly in a sitting position. Prolonged sitting on ill-fitted furniture and the resulting bad posture is making students suffer from different musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study evaluates the potential mismatch between furniture dimensions and anthropometric measurements. To determine potential mismatch, 13 anthropometric measurements of 550 students and 11 dimensions of two types of classroom furniture (mounted-desktop and chair-with-table) were measured and then compared. Additionally, chi-square test was performed to compare the relation between anthropometry and relevant furniture dimensions. Results showed that a significant number of mismatches emerged between anthropometric measurements and furniture dimensions. For both types of furniture, seat height was too high and seat depth was too deep. Moreover, for mounted desktop, desk height is almost appropriate for all students whereas for chair and table, it was too high for the males. These circumstances may lead to increase discomfort and increase MSDs problems among all students. It can be concluded that the dimensions of both types of classroom furniture were not appropriate for users according to anthropometric measurements. This analysis recommends the measurements of furniture dimensions based on participants’ anthropometric measurements to avoid or minimise discomfort and MSDs problems.