国产高密度聚乙烯不稳定流动的研究

本文利用ＲＨＥＯＧＲＡＰＨ２００２型高压毛细管流变仪对国产高密度聚乙烯（７０００Ｆ、６０９８、２４８０、５２００Ｂ、５０００Ｓ、２２００Ｊ、７００６Ａ）的不稳定流动及影响因素进行了研究，为国产高密度聚乙烯的成型加工提供理论依据和基础数据．     

Use of Crack Branching Data for Measuring Near-Surface Residual Stresses in Tempered Glass

An analytical procedure based on fracture mechanics is used to obtain the amount of residual stress in glass from measurements on the fracture surface. The technique utilizes the measurement of microcrack branching distances, known as the mirror — mist boundary, which occur at a critical crack branching stress intensity (K _m ) value. This procedurre shows that σ _A r _m ^1/2 Y _F (θ) =σ _R r ^1/2 _m +Ψ₀, where σ _A is the applied stress, r _m is the microcrack branching radius, σ _R is the residual stress, Y _F ( θ ) is the crack-border correction factor, and Ψ₀ is a material constant based on K _m . Thus, the equation is that of a straight line with the slope equal to the magnitude of the residual stress. Data for tempered glass from the literature are used to demonstrate the applicability of the technique.     

The Effects of Heat Treatment on Some Mechanical Properties of Juvenile Wood and Mature Wood of Eucalyptus grandis

Heat treatment is a well-known method for modifying wood that is applied in different ways, and treatment schedules change from tree to tree. This treatment improves the physical properties of wood but, in general, it reduces the mechanical properties of wood. The effects of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of juvenile and mature wood of the same tree species have not been well-defined. Therefore, we focused our study on the differences in the mechanical properties of juvenile wood and mature wood of Eucalyptus grandis after both were subjected to heat treatment. Wood samples were treated at temperatures of 120, 150, and 180°C for 4, 6, and 8 h. The test results showed that decreases in the mechanical properties of juvenile wood (e.g., modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), compression strength (CS), and impact bending (IB)) were greater than the decreases that occurred in mature wood that was heat treated at the same conditions.     

固相反应制备改性粉煤灰净化含磷废水的研究

采用浓硫酸固相反应法对粉煤灰进行改性,用于含磷废水的净化.通过实验发现粉煤灰的优化改性条件为5 g粉煤灰加1.5 mL水混合均匀,然后加0.3 mL浓硫酸,搅拌混匀后在100 ℃下保温1.5 h.pH值在4～10范围内对磷的吸附过程影响不显著,改性粉煤灰可以在较宽的pH范围内进行脱磷处理.改性粉煤灰对水中磷的净化过程速度较快,5 min可达到最大净化率.对于含磷50 mg·L-1的溶液,粉煤灰的投加量为1%,pH为7.0时,磷的吸附效率为98.55%,净化后水中磷浓度为0.73 mg·L-1.     

挥发性有机物的治理以及活性炭的应用研究进展

从挥发性有机物(VOCs)的基本概念出发,介绍了其分类、来源、污染现状以及其对人体的危害,并在此基础上具体地介绍了目前处理挥发性有机物的基本方法,比如吸收技术、冷凝技术、膜基技术、燃烧技术、生物净化技术等。同时探讨了活性炭在治理VOCs方面作为吸附剂和光催化剂载体等方面的应用。从而提出了活性炭在VOCs治理方面的急需解决的问题以及发展趋势。     

关于VOC废气处理技术的相关思考

叙述了VOC及其危害,结合自身的理论知识和工作实际,探讨了VOC废气处理技术。指出,必须重视VOC的处理,通过研发废气处理新技术,降低有机废气对环境的危害。     

钼冶炼烟气制酸高氟废水的处理

钼冶炼烟气制酸产生的高氟废水采用电石渣-氯化钙和硫酸亚铁处理,再用浓硫酸反调pH值后排放.通过实验室试验,确定中和pH值范围为10～ 11、氯化钙用量为400 mg/L、硫酸亚铁用量为600 mg/L,沉淀时间4h.工业应用表明,出水可满足GB 8978-1996《废水综合排放标准》一级排放要求.     

新建400m3丁二烯球罐焊后内燃法整体热处理方案探讨

介绍了本单位新建400 m3丁二烯球罐焊后内燃法整体热处理的过程及方法,经过检测,热处理的工艺和实施方案是可行的,并对效果进行评价.     

AEC水处理技术在大化肥循环水中的应用

循环水场首次采用非有机膦酸盐的AEC专利水处理技术,使循环水浓缩倍数由原来的3～3.5提高到6～7.在系统漏氨情况下也得到很好应用,并回收了大化肥污水处理装置处理后的水作为系统补充水,很好地控制了系统的腐蚀、结垢,抑制了微生物的繁殖,有效地降低循环水的补水量.     

活性轻质碳酸钙的制备及其在PVC-U型材中的应用

研究了轻质碳酸钙的活化处理工艺，对其用于PVC型材的加工工艺进行了简述．经过活化处理的轻质碳酸钙，可显著提高PVC轻钙复合材料的填充用量及改善材料的物理性能。