基于多特征融合与ResNet的海面溢油区识别研究

近年来,合成孔径雷达（SAR）在改善溢油检测方面得到了广泛应用。然而,由于其特殊的成像机理,乘性相干斑噪声和其他物理现象引起的暗斑一直影响着溢油检测的精度。单独使用一种特征很难对图像上的油膜和类油膜现象进行区分,针对这一问题提出了利用多特征融合结合深度残差网络（ResNet）的方式来区分全极化图像上的油膜和类油膜现象。实验中将C波段的三种极化特征：极化散射熵（Entropy）、平均散射角（Alpha）和单次散射特征值相对差异度（SERD）组合在一起,形成一个优化特征子集,在确定的三种极化特征对应的特征图上选取多个感兴趣区域作为ResNet网络的训练集和测试集。该实验所用训练集由3 600个原油样本、3 600个生物油样本和3 600个乳化油样本（共计10 800个）组合而成。测试集由600个原油样本、600个生物油样本和600个乳化油样本（共计1 800个）组合而成,最终得到97.56%的分类精度。用同样的实验数据采用同是深度学习的VGG和AlexNet分类算法进行油膜和类油膜的分类,并与ResNet算法分类结果进行对比分析。为了减弱过拟合现象以及获得更可靠的实验结果,分别进行了[K]-交叉验证和ROC曲线实验。结果表明所提出的算法是有效的。     

Fault estimation for aero‐engine LPV systems based on LFT

In this paper, a fault estimator with linear fractional transformation (LFT) parameter dependency is designed for the linear parameter‐varying (LPV) system of the aero‐engine with both sensor and actuator faults under disturbances. After an aero‐engine affine parameter‐dependent LPV model is derived by the linear fitting method and matrix pseudo‐inverse method, the LPV model with disturbances and fault signals is transformed into a LFT structure. Based on the full block S‐procedure, the sufficient condition for the existence of the fault estimator is proposed, which can lead to less conservative results. Then the fault estimator design algorithm which can adjust to the current system dynamic adaptively is presented. Finally, a fault estimator is designed for a turbofan aero‐engine under multiple types of faults and disturbances to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Investigation on full vehicle height control algorithm using feedback linearization method

Aiming to improve the control accuracy of the vehicle height for the air suspension system, deeply analyzing the processes of variable mass gas thermodynamics and vehicle dynamics, a nonlinear height control model of the air suspension vehicle was built. To deal with the nonlinear characteristic existing in the lifting and lowering processes, the nonlinear model of vehicle height control was linearized by using a feedback linearization method. Then, based on the linear full vehicle model, the sliding model controller was designed to achieve the control variables. Finally, the nonlinear control algorithm in the original coordinates can be achieved by the inverse transformation of coordinates. To validate the accuracy and effectiveness of the sliding mode controller, the height control processes were simulated in Matlab, i.e., the lifting and lowering processes of the air suspension vehicle were taken when vehicle was in stationary and driving at a constant speed. The simulation results show that, compared to other controllers, the designed sliding model controller based on the feedback linearization can effectively solve the "overshoot" problem, existing in the height control process, and force the vehicle height to reach the desired value, so as to greatly improve the speed and accuracy of the height control process. Besides, the sliding mode controller can well regulate the roll and pitch motions of the vehicle body, thereby improving the vehicle''s ride comfort.     

Research and Application of Dynamic Equation for Full Frontal Impact

Full frontal impact theory needs researching and exploring to satisfy the primary safety design of occupant restraint system,avoiding the increasingly "engineering"trend in order to develop and design safety vehicle. After occupant restraint system is simulated by using linear elastic stiffness k,the occupant-vehicle frontal rigid barrier impact model is established. Dynamic equation of dummy chest coupling vehicle is built for full frontal impact based on ordinary vehicle deceleration by Hooke law,and the equation is solved by comparing coefficient and satisfying boundary qualifications. While relative vehicle characteristic parameters are kept unchanging,the actual vehicle deceleration is fitted to the simplified equivalent square wave( ESW),tipped equivalent square wave( TESW) and equivalent dual trapezoids wave( EDTW). Phase angle  and amplitude A of dynamic equations based on ESW,TESW and EDTW are calculated and deduced. The results show that: the dynamic equation of dummy chest coupling vehicle can be well utilized to instruct the primary safety design of full frontal impact for objective vehicle to satisfy chest deceleration demands and the equation based on TESW is best for this design.     

双极完全可压缩Navier-Stokes-Maxwell方程组整体光滑解的渐近行为

考虑等离子体物理中的双极完全可压缩Navier-Stokes-Maxwell方程组,借助经典的能量方法和对称子技巧,研究了三维全空间中的Cauchy问题.在初值为一个小摄动的条件下,证明了当时间趋于无穷大时,该问题的整体光滑解收敛到平衡态.     

均布荷载作用下保温龙骨足尺墙体的抗弯性能

为研究腹板开孔的轻钢龙骨墙体在均布荷载作用下的抗弯性能,考虑腹板高度的影响,进行3.0 m×3.0 m足尺试件试验研究．分析了不同腹板高度的墙体在均布荷载作用下的破坏模式及腹板高度对墙体抗弯性能的影响．在此基础上,采用ABAQUS建立墙体的有限元模型,与试验结果进行对比分析,验证了有限元模型的可靠性．分析结果表明:石膏板可很好地限制竖龙骨的整体屈曲,当龙骨腹板高度为150 mm时,墙体竖龙骨在支座附近发生腹板剪切屈曲,同时在跨中位置发生畸变与局部屈曲的相关屈曲破坏;当龙骨腹板高度为100 mm时,墙体竖龙骨在跨中位置发生畸变与局部屈曲的相关屈曲破坏;当不考虑窗洞口影响时,腹板高度为100 mm的保温龙骨外围护墙体可满足我国全部地区建筑高度不超过50 m的城市建筑外围护墙体的抗风要求．     

On the Survivability of Self-repairing Control System for a Hybrid Underwater Vehicle

A hybrid remotely operated underwater vehicle （HROV） capable of working to the full ocean depth has been developed. In order for the vehicle to achieve a certain survivability level, a self-repairing control system （SRCS） has been designed. It consists of two basic technologies, fault diagnosis and isolation （FDI） and reconfigurable control. For F＇DI, a model-based hierarchical fault diagnosis system is designed for the HROV. Then, control strategies which reconfigure the control system at intervals according to information from the FDI system are presented. Combining the two technologies, it can obtain the fundamental frame of SRCS for the HROV. Considering the hazardous underwater environment at the limiting depth and the hybrid operating modes, an assessment of the HROV＇ s survivability is vitally needed before it enters operational service. This paper presents a new definition of survivability for underwater vehicles and develops a simple survivability model for the SRCS. As a result of survivability assessment for the SRCS, we are able to figure out the survivability of SRCS and make further optimization about it. The methodology developed herein is also applicable to other types of underwater vehicles.     

生态学视角下主题网站群发现算法的研究

以相关度较高的主题网站构成的群落,其分布呈现出显著的生态学特性为理论依据,采用链接分析方法,对主题网站的评价指标以及主题网站之间的关联关系进行研究和分析,提出实用性,相似度,递减度和影响力等主题网站的评价指标,并依据该评价指标,以广度优先为原则,设计主题网站群发现的算法.结果表明,该算法是有效和可行的.     

基于 DNA 自组装的全错位排列问题模型

针对全错位排列这类NP 完全问题,提出了一种基于DNA 自组装的全错位排列问题计算模型。该模型利用了DNA分子间的自组装能力,在具体操作时只用到凝胶电泳技术,在一定程度上减少了实验误差。     

螺旋埋弧焊管全管体扩径工艺与性能研究

随着管道建设对管材性能一致性要求的提高,以及全位置自动焊工艺对管材几何尺寸精度更高的要求,需要研究改进螺旋焊管制备工艺。开展了X80钢级Φ1 219 mm×22 mm螺旋埋弧焊管全管体扩径工艺试验,对比分析了扩径前后管体的几何尺寸、残余应力及力学性能变化。结果显示,随着扩径量的增加,管体尺寸精度大幅提高,在扩径率为0.75%时,管体不圆度降低了20%,周长一致性提高了71%,噘嘴量减少35.4%,管体切断后对应的两个管端直径差值在1 mm之内;扩径可以进一步降低管材成型焊接形成的整体内应力以及表面应力,使得螺旋埋弧焊管残余应力一定程度减小;扩径后管材强度和屈强比略有上升,韧性略有下降,管材强度的一致性大幅提高,管材相关性能指标优于设计及施工标准要求。结果表明,X80钢级Φ1 219 mm×22 mm螺旋埋弧焊管扩径工艺技术是可行的。