抑制高温地热流体碳酸钙结垢的复配阻垢剂研究

地热水结垢问题严重制约着地热能作为非碳可再生清洁能源的高效开发和利用,研究高效、环保和绿色阻垢剂对解决地热能利用过程中的结垢问题具有重要现实意义。选择常见的四种绿色阻垢剂[水解聚马来酸酐（HPMA）、聚天冬氨酸（PASP）、聚环氧琥珀酸（PESA）、聚丙烯酸（PAA）]进行复配实验,并对复配阻垢剂的阻垢性能进行研究,采用钙离子络合滴定法测定阻垢率。在80℃条件下,HPMA、PASP、PAA在最佳体积比（HPMA∶PASP∶PAA=1∶1∶4）下的阻垢率可达97%,高于单组分阻垢剂;温度高于100℃时阻垢率有所下降,但在210℃高温条件下,该复配阻垢剂的阻垢率仍可达93%;可用于抑制高温地热流体的碳酸钙结垢,具有工业推广应用前景。     

地热流体开发利用中防垢除垢技术研究进展

地热流体结垢是阻碍地热资源稳定、经济和高效开发利用的因素之一。系统总结了中高温地热流体开发利用中防垢除垢技术研究进展。中高温地热田中代表性垢物是钙垢和硅垢,其中钙垢成分以CaCO₃为主,多形成于因压力下降导致CO₂脱气的开采井或者地面设备,硅垢成分以无定型SiO₂为主,多形成于因温度下降导致的溶解度减小的回灌井或者地面设备。实际生产中防垢除垢技术应结合地热流体利用方式进行选择和优化,直接利用方式可考虑采用基于CaCO₃和无定型SiO₂热力学性质的防垢技术;发电方式中钙垢可考虑阻垢剂注入的防垢技术,而硅垢则考虑利用石英和无定型SiO₂溶解度差异、调控温度、pH、无定型Si O₂浓度等防垢技术。     

靖安县项家地热水资源特征及成因分析

通过对项家地热水钻孔的井温和采样测试成果数据分析,结合区域地质背景分析了该地热水成因机理,结果表明,水温随深度增加而升高,大气降水为主要补给来源。地热水水质类型为HCOs CaNa型,不结垢,不能直接作为饮用水和农田灌溉用水,但可用于理疗、洗浴、采暖、温室等方向的开发利用。     

地热水耦合热泵供热系统设计方案差异性分析

介绍地热耦合热泵供热系统(以梯级利用地热水热量为原则,采取地热水直接供热与热泵机组利用地热尾水余热的供热系统)设计方案的工艺流程、运行策略,建立供暖期系统能效比的计算模型。结合算例,在分阶段改变流量的质调节运行方式下,对两种地热耦合热泵供热系统的供暖期系统能效比进行计算。方案1:制热设备(地热水换热器、热泵机组)与供热循环泵采取一机一泵的固定设置。方案2:供热循环泵集中并联设置。对于方案1,供热循环泵与制热设备对应关系固定,启用某台制热设备时必须启用相应的供热循环泵。与方案1相比,由于方案2的供热循环泵集中并联设置,供热循环泵与制热设备的对应关系相对松散,匹配更加灵活。方案1、2的供暖期系统能效比分别为9.20、10.03。与方案1相比,方案2的供暖期系统能效比提高9%。     

Prospect of HDR geothermal energy exploitation in Yangbajing,Tibet,China,and experimental investigation of granite under high temperature and high pressure

Hot dry rock(HDR) geothermal energy,almost inexhaustible green energy,was first put forward in the 1970s.The development and testing of HDR geothermal energy are well reported in USA,Japan,UK,France and other countries or regions.In this paper,the geological characters of Yangbajing basin were first analyzed,including the continental dynamic environments to form HDR geothermal fields in Tibet,the tectonic characteristics of south slope of Nyainqêntanglha and Dangxiong-Yangbajing basin,and the in-situ stress...     

地热水结垢趋势的判断

根据我国地热利用的实际经验，指出传统使用的雷兹诺指数在判断地热水的结垢趋势时，有一定局限性。在一定条件下，采用腊森指数，才能得出正确结构，这一结论已被广泛用于地热井的水型判断。     

Mathematical modelling of silica deposition in Tongonan-I reinjection wells, Philippines

Mathematical models of silica deposition are derived using the method of characteristics for the problem of variable rate injection into a well producing radially symmetric flow. Solutions are developed using the first order rate equation of silica deposition suggested by Rimstidt and Barnes (1980). The changes in porosity and permeability resulting from deposition are included in the models. The models developed are successfully applied in simulating the changes in injection capacity in some of the reinjection wells in Tongonan geothermal field, Philippines.     

Fluids and parameters optimization for a novel cogeneration system driven by low-temperature geothermal sources

A novel cogeneration system was proposed and techno-economically investigated, consisting of a low-temperature geothermally-powered organic Rankine cycle (ORC) subsystem, an intermediate heat exchanger subsystem and a heat pump subsystem. The main purpose is to identify suitable working fluids (among 27 fluids with boiling point temperature ranging from −47.69 to 47.59 °C) and optimized cycle parameters for the ORC-based power generation subsystem. The screening criteria include net power output per unit mass flow rate of hot source (P_net), the ratio of total heat transfer area to net power output (A/W_net), and electricity production cost (epc). Results show that there exists optimum evaporating temperatures maximizing the P_net value and minimizing the A/P_net and epc values. The optimum temperatures vary with different screening criteria and fluids. Optimized fluids based on each screening criteria are not the same. E170, R600 and R141b show the lowest A/W_net and epc values with averagely 3.78% lower P_net value than R236ea which presents the largest P_net value.     

TFE_TUR复合地热发电系统与全流系统以及闪蒸系统的比较

本文将TFE-TUR复合地热发电系统与全流系统及闪蒸系统作了全面比较,充分论证了复合系统在能量利用率方面的优势。提出了临界全流机内效率、临界干度等概念,从理论上确定了复合系统的存在条件。     

地热能发电的工程技术

概述了地热能及其发电方式和国内外地热能发电的现状,分析了地热能发电的关键技术,讨论了我国地热能发电的工程技术发展方向,提出目前我国地热能发电工程技术的重点是地热发电设备的设计制造技术和成套设备的优化集成.