孔板—均速管组合法测量汽—水两相流双参数

利用孔板与均速管组合在线测量汽—水两相流双参数，解决了稠油热采中同时测量蒸汽流量与干度的难题。其工作程序用Mcs-51单片机汇编语言编制而成，主程序由初始化、数据采集处理，热物理参数生成、汽—水两相流量、干度、质量流量、热量计算以及累计运算等模块组成。通过在现场进行标定；干度用化验CI^-法进行标定，流量用锅炉入口的涡轮流量计标定。经胜利和新疆两油田进行的大量试验可知，该仪表测量水蒸汽流量和干度其均方差皆小于7%，满足了工业应用要求。     

采用激光光刀的叶片三维面形测量方法

提出一种采用激光光刀的叶片三维面形测量方法。介绍了方法原理、系统结构、信息获取与处理方案,并给出了对实际飞机发动机叶片的面形测量结果。     

钻井液波信号处理方法比较

无线随钻测量系统中的脉冲信号受各种噪声的干扰,在井口需要还原脉冲信号,实时监测井底的情况。采用傅立叶变换和小波变换2种方法对钻井液波信号进行了处理,并尝试性地采用相关系数来评判去噪效果的优劣。对巴特沃斯、切比雪夫和小波变换3种处理方法的结果进行了比较。结果表明:小波变换对这种信号的噪声抑制效果较好;对于钻井液波信号噪声的处理,小波变换明显地优于傅里叶变换;相关系数能够用来评判钻井液波信号处理结果的优劣。     

计及PMU的混合非线性状态估计新方法

提出一种将同步相量测量单元（PMU）的直接电压相量量测变换为间接支路电流量测，并与监控与数据采集（SCADA）量测量一起进行混合迭代的非线性状态估计方法。对构造等效电流修正量而带来的间接量测误差进行了详细和定量的分析，并对该混合估计算法的精度进行了定性分析和定量计算。理论分析和算例表明，该方法可以获得较高的估计精度，在收敛次数和滤波效果上也有所改进。     

钻井企业技术创新评价模型研究

随着中国钻井企业改革的深化和市场经济的不断发展完善，在中国钻井企业中将会出现技术创新的热潮。以当前钻井企业所面临的问题与挑战为背景，根据近年来国内外技术创新与评价理论的最新研究成果，结合当前钻井企业技术创新的实际，构建了钻井企业技术创新评价指标体系，运用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法构建了钻井企业的技术创新评价模型，并进行了实例分析。     

Development,construction, and use of pneumometric tubes for measurement of steam flow in the steam lines of PVG-1000 at NPP

A system for the direct measurement of steam flow in steam lines after a steam generator, which utilizes a special design of pneumometric tubes and a computing unit that accounts for variation in steam pressure, has been developed to improve the quality of water-level regulation in the steam generators of VVéR-1000 power-generating units in the stationary and transitional modes. The advantage of the pneumometric tubes consists in their structural simplicity, high erosion resistance, and absence of irrevocable losses during measurement of steam flow. A similar measurement system is used at foreign NPP. The measurement system in question has been placed in experimental service at the No. 3 unit of the Balakovo NPP, and has demonstrated its worthiness. This measurement system can also be used to determine steam flow in the steam lines of NPP units with VVéR-1000 and VVéR-440 reactors, and PBMK-1000 power-generating units. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 3, March 2007, pp. 23–26.     

自控温电伴热材料在仪表测量管线上的应用

文章就化工自动化仪表测量管线的伴热问题,介绍了自控温电伴热材料的特点、伴热设计、施工方案以及运行中的注意事项。     

Experimental methods for measuring the oil-film thickness between the piston-rings and cylinder-wall of internal combustion engines

Computer models of the lubrication of piston-rings in internal combustion engines normally present an estimate of the minimum oil-film thickness between ring and cylinder wall as a function of crank angle. As a consequence, experimental measurements of film thickness play a critical role in the verification of theoretical models of piston-ring lubrication. A review is presented of the wide range of techniques that have been used to measure this important variable. The strengths and weaknesses of particular techniques are identified and a number of ways in which the techniques could be developed further are proposed     

Ultrasonic measurement of the inter-electrode gap in electrochemical machining

During the process of electrochemical machining the dependency of the inter-electrode gap with time and process parameters can be used to determine process characteristics and to define the shape of the workpiece surface relative to the tool surface. Defining process variables to map out the required gap-time function requires the use of time-consuming iterative trials. In-line monitoring of the gap would enable process control and tool to workpiece transfer characteristics to be achieved (for ideal conditions) without the requirement to generate such parameter maps. This work explores the use of ultrasound applied as a passive, non-intrusive, in-line gap measurement system for ECM. The accuracy of this technique was confirmed through correspondence between the generated gap-time and current time data and theoretical models applicable to ideal conditions. Gap measurements are also used to demonstrate and quantify the degree of departure from ideal behaviour for an In718/chloride system as the electrolyte flow rate is reduced from 16 to 4 l min⁻¹. The monitoring of the gap size has also been shown to be effective when determining shape convergence under ideal conditions, for the example case of a 2D sinusoidal profile.     

高温高压下多种气体在储层岩心中吸附等温线的测定

利用自行研制的XF1型高温高压气体吸脱附测试仪,结合一台色谱分析仪(HP6890),一套抽真空系统,分别测定了N₂、CH₄、C₂H₆、C₃H₈、nC₄及其混合气体在三个岩心中的吸脱附等温线共计42条(单组分30条,累计测试点516个;混合气12条,累计测试点203个),以及吸附平衡后混合气的自由气相组成、吸附相组成和各组分的吸附等温线各48条(累计测试点431个).测试的温度为50.5℃.实验结果表明:①储层岩心介质对烃类气体的吸附现象是客观存在的,不容忽视;②仅就测试所得的数据来看,如果忽略其它因素,可以初步估计,不考虑吸附的砂岩储层气藏的计算储量将比考虑吸附少5%以上;③岩心-气体吸附体系的吸附能力除受压力影响外,更受到储层介质、岩石成分、结构和物性性质的影响,除此之外,还受到多组分气体中重烃组分数目、摩尔含量等的影响;④多组分气体组分相对吸附量能有效地表征多组分气体中各组分气体的竞争吸附能力大小,依据这个指标可将五元多组分气体体系中各组分气体按其竞争吸附能力由强到弱排序为nC₄>C₃H₈>C₂H₆>CH₄>N₂.