FC-26高中油型加氢裂化催化剂的工艺研究

抚顺石油化工研究院研制开发的新一代FC -2 6高中油型加氢裂化催化剂 ,以W -Ni为加氢组分 ,以无定型硅铝为主载体 ,并添加改性分子筛。工艺研究及工业应用结果表明 ,FC -2 6催化剂活性及中油选择性高 ,稳定性好 ,原料适应性强 ,具有广阔的应用前景。     

Crystallographic Texture Development in Bismuth Sodium Titanate Prepared by Reactive-Templated Grain Growth Method

Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃ (BNT) and 0.94Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃·0.06BaTiO₃ (BNT–BT) bulk ceramics with extensive 〈100〉 texture were prepared by the reactive-templated grain growth method, using platelike Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ (BIT) particles as templates for BNT. Calcined compacts were composed of matrix grains with random orientation and 〈100〉-oriented grains transformed from aligned BIT particles, and the texture developed by the growth of oriented grains during sintering. Ceramics with extensive texture were obtained by using the starting mixture containing the maximum concentration of platelike BIT to form the maximum volume fraction of oriented grains.     

连云港海域悬沙和表层沉积物交换研究

采用粒度谱计算方法分析连云港及邻近海域悬沙和表层沉积物交换特征,为徐圩防波堤口门布置和连云港港航道回淤研究提供理论支撑。连云港港主航道和徐圩航道5 m等深线以外的区域悬沙和表层沉积物交换率为0.1~0.2,表明航道回淤强度将处于较低水平,对今后航道维护有利;5 m等深线以内区域的交换率为0.3~0.4,悬沙落淤对航道回淤有一定贡献,表明该航道段回淤量相对较大,计算结果与实测航道回淤强度分布特征基本一致。灌河口沙嘴正常天气条件下交换率小于0.2,说明悬沙落淤对沙嘴的影响较小;5 m等深线以内破波带水域交换率大于0.5,表明悬沙和表层沉积物交换频繁。连云港港及邻近海域悬沙和表层沉积物交换主要为粒径小于62 μm的细颗粒组分。分析结果表明,为减少泥沙回淤对徐圩港区港池正常运行的影响,兴建防浪挡沙堤并将堤头布置在破波带之外十分必要。     

Grain-Boundary Wetting-Dewetting in z= 1 SiAlON Ceramic

The grain-boundary structure of a model SiAlON polycrystal with nominal composition Si₅AlON₇ was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) both in an equilibrium (as-processed) state at room temperature and after quenching from elevated temperature. In addition, low-frequency (1–13 Hz) internal friction data were recorded as a function of temperature, showing a pronounced grain-boundary sliding peak positioned at 1030°C. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) of the equilibrated low-temperature microstructure revealed residual glass only at multigrain junctions, but no amorphous intergranular films were observed. The detection of clean interfaces in the as-processed sample contradicts the internal friction data, which instead suggests the presence of a low-viscosity grain boundary phase, sliding at elevated temperatures. Therefore, a thin section of the as-sintered material was heated to 1380°C and rapidly quenched. HRTEM analysis of this sample showed, apart from residual glass pockets, wetted grain boundaries, which is in line with the internal friction experiment. This wetting-dewetting phenomenon observed in z = 1 SiAlON is expected to have a strong impact not only on high-temperature engineering ceramics but also on geological, temperature-activated processes such as volcanic eruptions.     

溶液中钙离子对玻璃颗粒电泳沉积的影响

研究了玻璃颗粒在乙醇溶液中对Ca^2 的选择吸附，反转了玻璃颗粒在乙醇中的荷电性质，使玻璃颗粒能够在乙醇中与羟基磷灰石发生共沉积。讨论了不同离子浓度下电泳沉积的沉积量与沉积电流的变化情况，并以此对Ca^2 在电泳沉积中的作用进行了分析。实验结果证实：悬浮液中Ca^2 或吸附到玻璃颗粒上，改变其荷电性质；或留在溶液中，作为电泳沉积过程中电流的主要承载者。离子浓度对电泳沉积的效果有重要的影响，离子浓度太低或太高都易使涂层出现缺陷。分析了不同沉积条件下电泳沉积所得涂层的各种缺陷及其成因。     

Admittance—Frequency Response in Zinc Oxide Varistor Ceramics

The lumped parameter/complex plane analysis technique revealed several contributions to the terminal admittance of the ZnO—Bi₂O₃ based varistor grain-boundary ac response. The terminal capacitance has been elucidated via the multiple trapping phenomena, a barrier layer polarization, and a resonance effect in the frequency range 10⁻²≤ f ≤ 10⁹ Hz. The characterization of the trapping relaxation behavior near ∼ 10⁵ Hz (∼ 10⁻⁶ s) provided a better understanding of a previously reported loss-peak. The possible nonuniformity in this trapping activity associated with its conductance term observed via the depression angle of a semicircular relaxation in the complex capacitance ( C *) plane has been postulated.     

采用加压-真空两段热缩聚法制备中间相沥青炭纤维的原料

以深度裂解石油渣油为原料，采用两段热缩聚法可制得软化点为268℃，可编性良好的中间相沥青。本文详细考察了温度，时间对中间相沥青软化点，可编性，中间相沥青形态及碳化收率的影响，并初步探讨了两段热缩聚反应的机理。研究结果表明反应温度，时间对中间相沥青的结构和性能影响较大，选择适宜石油渣油，采用加压－真空两段热缩聚法，调整反应条件，可制得可纺性良好的中间相沥青。     

工艺因素影响焦炭颗粒耐压强度的试验研究

焦炭颗粒的耐压强度一直是焦炭颗粒最重要的性质之一。利用最近提出的表征焦炭颗粒耐压强度的新方法，就模压压力、加压方式、粒度组成范围、粒度大小、粒度配比等因素对单粒度或多粒度组成焦炭颗粒耐压 强度的影响进行了较为详细的试验研究。结果表明：（1）焦炭颗粒的粒度大小和粒度范围均可用其原始平均细度来表征。焦炭颗粒的原始平均细度越大，其耐压强度系数也就越高；（2）多粒度组成焦炭颗粒混合料的耐压能力比单粒度组成混合料的耐压能力要高得多。对多粒度组成焦炭颗粒而言，模压压力及粒度组成配比对其耐压强度系数的影响不甚明显；（3）分阶段缓慢加压到位比一次快速加压到位有利于提高焦炭颗粒的耐压强度系数。     

过量TiO2助烧剂对Ba0.998La0.002TiO3陶瓷晶粒生长的影响

采用电性能测定和微观结构分析等方法研究了过量TiO2助烧剂对Ba0.998La0.002TiO3陶瓷晶粒生长的影响.结果表明:对于Ba0.998La0.002TiO3陶瓷在有液相参与烧结的晶粒溶解-淀析过程中,晶粒生长的必要条件是不仅要有液相的形成,而且BaTiO3晶粒必须在液相中有一定的溶解度.由于BaTiO3晶粒在Ba6Ti17O40和Ba2TiSi2O8液相中有足够的溶解度,促进了晶粒的生长,同时旌主掺杂离子进入晶格而释放氧,形成半导性的陶瓷,而BaTiO3晶粒不能溶解于Ba2Ti2SiP2O13液相中,抑制了晶粒的生长.     

Effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and soil and crop residues management practices on maize (Zea mays L.) yield in ultisol of eastern Cameroon

The shortening of fallow period in several areas in tropical Africa has reduced soil fertility and exposed soils to erosion and run-off. Fertilizer application and crop conservation practices are needeed to sustain high crop yield and to conserve the natural resource base for upland crop production in the continent. Field trials were carried out to evaluate the effect of fertilizer application and soil and crop residues management practices on yield of maize (Zea mays L.) planted on a Plinthudult soil at Bertoua, Eastern Cameroon. Maize yields increased significantly with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application. Under the rainfall pattern prevailing in the area, the amount of nitrogen required for maximum yield was higher in the second season. On the other hand, the amount of phosphorus required for maximum yield appeared to decrease with time. The burning of crop residues and weeds prior to planting together with no-till practive gave higher yield of maize than other soil and crop residues management practices.