滑坡应急治理充气截水方法

大多数滑坡的降雨入渗汇水区在滑坡后缘山坡,后缘的地下水入渗才是导致滑体地下水上升的关键因素。通过气驱水理论分析,并依据土体具有随饱和度降低导水性迅速降低的特性,提出利用充气驱水法在入渗路径上形成含有压气体的非饱和区截水帷幕的构想,并通过数值模拟分析和物理模型试验,得出充气截水减渗效果明显的结论。     

福州闽江——乌龙江岸线变化及稳定性分析

采用福州市2000年、2004年、2009年有代表性的卫星影像图进行对比,分析其岸线的变化情况。结合定性与定量分析将岸坡稳定性程度划分为四个等级,将闽江-乌龙江岸坡稳定性进行分段分级,对影响闽江-乌龙江岸坡稳定性的地质因素、水动力条件及人为因素进行了探讨,最后提出了若干岸坡治理的有效措施。     

考虑变形影响的致密砂岩油藏非线性渗流特征

致密砂岩油藏水驱渗流特征体现非线性渗流规律,存在启动压力梯度,且水驱过程中多孔介质会产生变形,岩石渗透率降低。通过电镜扫描试验研究致密砂岩纳米级微观孔隙特征,结合岩石颗粒分布特征,建立致密砂岩变形引起应力敏感理论模型,得到岩石介质变形系数,并与试验测试结果进行对比分析;建立考虑致密砂岩岩石变形影响的渗流数学模型,研究启动压力梯度及介质变形共同作用对油、水两相非线性渗流特征影响。算例结果表明,启动压力梯度与介质变形的耦合作用造成水驱渗流阻力增大,地层压降损失增大;介质变形系数越大,相同生产时间内原油采出程度越低,随着生产时间增加,地层压降损失幅度增大。     

大坡度屋面梁板结构施工技术

着重介绍泰兴市警示教育中心屋面大坡度梁板结构模板体系施工技术,混凝土浇筑施工技术,以及关键的安全预防措施及成品保护措施等。     

高陡岩石边坡护坡机理及应用研究

以宜昌市某工程为例,对城市山体开挖形成的高陡岩石边坡加固及景观防护的特点进行了分析,并结合工程的地质条件及气候条件提出了三种边坡防护与加固的方案,通过比选,得出了最佳的方案,以达到最优的施工效果.     

坡地对建筑火灾烟气流动的影响分析

从紧靠建筑的坡地对烟气流动的作用、烟气分布特性等方面分析不同坡度的坡地对建筑烟气流动的影响,得到不同楼层窗口温度变化及着火层室内烟气层高度变化。提出此类建筑火灾烟气的控制方法、工程实践中存在的问题,提出提高建筑消防安全性的措施。     

江岸回填高边坡施工质量问题分析

通过江岸回填高边坡工程施工实践,对出现的边坡崩塌、填筑体与母体分离以及面层空鼓等质量问题进行了分析,提出了确保边坡质量的控制重点。     

The shrinkage properties of red pine wood assessed by image analysis and near-infrared spectroscopy

This work focused on the shrinkage and drying stress of red pine (Pinus densiflora) wood during kiln drying and investigated transverse shrinkage and moisture changes in thin specimens using digital image analysis and near-infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The effect of specimen thickness, which ranged from 1 to 10?mm on shrinkage, was analyzed under drying conditions with restrained stresses. The shrinkage due to moisture content was presented in the form of an exponential function and a linear function above and below the fiber saturation point, respectively. A shorter existence of the moisture gradient increased the transverse shrinkage. The tangential and radial shrinkage at the tissue level in 30-µm (longitudinal) thick slices was measured and compared with the shrinkage of above specimens with difference thicknesses. The transverse shrinkage of 1-mm-thick specimen is similar to the shrinkage measured using 30-µm-thick slice.     

高温自蔓延合成复合涂层的研究现状

高温自蔓延合成技术因其节约能源、生产效率高、投资少、产品纯度高等特点,已用于制备特种性能陶瓷,是一种潜在的制备高性能涂层的方法 .介绍了由传统高温自蔓延合成技术延伸发展起来的自蔓延铸造涂层技术、自蔓延气相传输涂层技术、自蔓延烧结涂层技术和自蔓延反应喷涂涂层技术,重点分析了各种自蔓延合成涂层技术的基本原理、工艺特点、涂层特点、应用情况、研究现状及存在的主要问题.针对自蔓延合成涂层技术存在的问题,如孔隙率高(一般达5%~20%)、结合强度差(低于50 MPa)、反应速度快、过程难以控制等,提出了高温自蔓延合成复合涂层技术的研究方向:优化反应体系组分设计,设法避免低气化点反应生成相的形成,减轻自蔓延合成反应过程中的飞溅;加入添加剂延长液态停留时间和增强液相流动性;选择反应生成相与相之间以及生成相与基体金属都具有良好润湿性的反应体系;优化涂层结构设计,设计复合结构和梯度结构的涂层体系,提高涂层与金属基体的结合质量.     

Nondestructive testing and characterization of residual stress field using an ultrasonic method

To address the difficulty in testing and calibrating the stress gradient in the depth direction of mechanical components, a new technology of nondestructive testing and characterization of the residual stress gradient field by ultrasonic method is proposed based on acoustoelasticity theory. By carrying out theoretical analysis, the sensitivity coefficients of different types of ultrasonic are obtained by taking the low carbon steel(12%C) as a research object. By fixing the interval distance between sending and receiving transducers, the mathematical expressions of the change of stress and the variation of time are established. To design one sending-one receiving and oblique incidence ultrasonic detection probes, according to Snell law, the critically refracted longitudinal wave (LCR wave) is excited at a certain depth of the fixed distance of the tested components. Then, the relationship between the depth of LCR wave detection and the center frequency of the probe in Q235 steel is obtained through experimental study. To detect the stress gradient in the depth direction, a stress gradient LCR wave detection model is established, through which the stress gradient formula is derived by the relationship between center frequency and detecting depth. A C-shaped stress specimen of Q235 steel is designedto conduct stress loading tests, and the stress is measured with the five group probes at different center frequencies. The accuracy of ultrasonic testing is verified by X-ray stress analyzer. The stress value of each specific depth is calculated using the stress gradient formula. Accordingly, the ultrasonic characterization of residual stress field is realized. Characterization results show that the stress gradient distribution is consistent with the simulation in ANSYS. The new technology can be widely applied in the detection of the residual stress gradient field caused by mechanical processing, such as welding and shot peening.