元素碳含量检测在燃煤发电企业温室气体排放核算中的应用

元素碳含量检测是保障单位热值含碳量核算准确的必要步骤,对燃煤发电企业温室气体排放核算尤为重要。为深入理解元素碳含量检测对碳排放核算的影响,采用不重复抽样分析方法,就元素碳检测对单位热值含碳量的影响、元素碳检测推行存在的障碍进行定性分析,并提出了推动元素碳检测发展以及解决元素碳执行过程相关问题的建议。研究表明,元素碳检测的推广有利于发电企业合理争取碳排放权交易利益,并不会给企业带来过多经济负担。     

内循环式封闭空间膨胀珍珠岩除湿试验研究

设计了一种封闭空间膨胀珍珠岩除湿的吸附系统,进行了湿空气流速、吸附剂层数和吸附剂铺放密度的单因素试验和三因素三水平正交试验,分析了各因素对除湿系统除湿性能的影响关系。试验结果表明,随着气流速度的增加,除湿速度随之增大,单位能耗也相应地减少,在一定范围内可采用相对较高湿空气流速,提高除湿效率;随着吸附剂层数的增多,除湿能力提高;随着吸附剂铺放密度的增加,湿空气与吸附剂颗粒之间的传热传质能力得到提高,除湿速率增大,单位能耗相对减少。     

Innovative binder technology for masonry building

The construction variant ”cavity wall“ is a considerable trend in new building projects and has shown growth rates of more than 8 % in newbuild projects in the last two years. Energy‐saving building in combination with a great variety of design possibilities through various formats and colours in the selection of the facing bricks make this construction extremely popular, not only with architects, but also with building owners. Another important argument is based on the sustainability of this construction method and the materials used. This article is concerned with an innovation for the joint mortar in facing brick facades. The quick‐mix S‐FM mortar with its innovative and patented SECON binder technology combines both: ecology and a high degree of safety against leaching and efflorescence.     

玻化微珠相变保温蓄热材料在日光温室中的应用及其能耗分析

该文在玻化微珠保温材料的基础上,依据相变原理,采用石蜡为相变基材,研发了玻化微珠相变新型无机保温蓄热材料。对辽沈Ⅰ型和采用玻化微珠相变保温材料的低能耗温室的室内温度进行了模型试验,并采用以稳定传热理论为基础的计算方法对辽沈Ⅰ型温室和低能耗温室的耗煤量、二氧化碳等的排放量以及采暖费进行了计算。研究结果表明:该文研制的新型玻化微珠相变保温材料的热物理性能可满足节能型日光温室的使用要求;将该材料应用于日光温室中,不仅可以减小墙体厚度,节约土地,还可在消耗较低能量的基础上,满足冬暖型温室大棚室内温度要求,达到节能和环保的预期目标。     

大气污染与环境的治理迫在眉睫

我们赖以生存的条件——空气,正随着人类无节制地向空气中排放废气和固体废弃物而造成了污染,引起了气候的变化。介绍了大气和大气污染的定义,由人为因素所引起污染的来源、种类,大气污染源形成的主要原因;大气环境、温室气体的影响对人体健康所产生的危害。还介绍了我国关于环境污染监测的相关检测方法及标准的制定情况。阐述了大气环境治理的必要性以及计量对环境污染治理所起的作用。     

水库水域生态系统温室气体排放测量技术

基于国内外对全球温室气体排放监测研究的基础,总结并探讨了水库水域生态系统中温室气体排放通量常用测量分析技术的基本原理,对比分析了各种监测方法的适用性及优化措施,对我国形成系统的水库水域生态系统温室气体监测技术导则提供重要参考,为我国绿色水电和可持续发展水利水电建设提供重要的技术支撑。     

常压核供热——技术现实经济可行的清洁能源

为治理城市的燃煤污染和降低二氧化碳的排放量,我国需要开发大型清洁能源。核能是可供选择的清洁能源之一,核能不仅可以用于发电,而且可以替代燃煤为城市供热。在我国现在池式研究堆技术的基础上,设计出的常压供热反应堆,可以满足城市供热的需要,具有高度的安全性和可靠性,是一种技术现实和经济可行的解决方案。在我国发展城市集中供热的条件下,采用这种大型热源,将会以较大的规模来改善大气环境和降低温室气体的排放。     

Degradation assessment of LDPE multilayer films used as a greenhouse cover: Natural and artificial aging impacts

This article focuses on the assessment and understanding of the mechanism of natural and artificial aging processes of a triple‐layer film made of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) used as greenhouse cover. The film material contains color dye and ultraviolet–A (UV–A) and infrared (IR) stabilizers and antioxidant. The combined effect of temperature variations and UV–A radiations, of the natural and artificial aging, on the physical properties (free surface energy and yellow color measurements), mechanical behavior (tensile tests), thermal stability (TGA and DSC analysis), and structural stability (FTIR analysis) was investigated. The natural aging was conducted on a greenhouse, located in northern Algeria, over a period of 7 months. However, the artificial aging was performed at four different agricultural greenhouse simulating conditions of temperature and UV–A radiation (namely, at 40°C, 40°C with UV–A, 50°C, and 50°C with UV–A) for periods of aging up to 5486 h (7.6 months). The results revealed that, the maximum loss of the yellow color additives occurs at 2981 h under the natural aging process and at 2440, 1096, 1340, and 121 h under the four artificial aging conditions, respectively. There was an observed increase in the films free surface energy and a significant degradation in the mechanical properties with aging time. This can be correlated with the film material structural changes. The natural aging of the film in North Africa is almost equivalent to artificial aging at 40°C. The concurrent effect of temperature and UV–A radiations induced polymer chains scission leading to faster degradation in the film material and consequently a reduction in its durability and service lifetime. The results show also that the measured parameters are directly related to the limit of use criterion for evaluating the lifespan of agricultural greenhouse LDPE covers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Influence of storage conditions on pigment degradation in paprikas from different greenhouse pepper cultivars

A comparative study was made of the pigments and kinetics of pigment degradation in paprika from Ocal, Datler, Belrubí and L T Datler varieties of pepper cultivated in greenhouse conditions during storage in darkness and at different temperatures and degrees of humidity. Differences were established after fitting the experiment data to a first- or second-order kinetic model. The pigment degradation rate constants and half-lives were obtained for each variety and each storage condition. As expected, the speed of pigment degradation increased for all the paprika types at higher storage temperatures and decreased as relative humidity rose. The data obtained allowed the determination of the parameters involved in the respective Arrhenius equations which equate the pigment degradation rate constant (supposed first or second order) with absolute temperature in cases of zero humidity. Significant differences with respect to degradation rate and pigment content were found between the cultivars in most of the storage conditions assayed. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry.     

现代温室无线数据采集系统的研究

针对传统温室有线数据采集系统存在着成本较高、可靠性和移动性较差等问题,提出了一种应用无线技术组建温室数据采集系统的设计和应用方案,通过无线收发模块实现温室内各种生长环境检测传感器无线化,从而实现温室内作物生长环境的无线智能调控,为解决传统温室有线系统的局限性提供了技术措施;该系统操作简单,具有人性化,为提高温室环境信息管理自动化程度和设施农业种植决策提供依据,从而提高了温室生产的技术水平,减轻了劳动强度,提高了劳动效率.