Use of climate scenarios to aid in decision analysis for interannual water supply planning

This work addresses the issue of climate change in the context of water resource planning on the time scale of a few years. Planning on this time scale generally ignores the role of climate change. However, where the climate of a region has already shifted, the use of historical data for planning purposes may be misleading. In order to test this, a case study is conducted for a region, the Australian Capital Territory, where long term drought is raising concerns of a possible climate shift. The issue is cast in terms of a particular planning decision; the option to augment water supply in the next few years to hedge against the drought persisting. A set of climate scenarios are constructed for the region corresponding to the historical climate regime and to regimes where progressively greater levels of change are assumed to have already taken place (5%, 10%, 20% reductions in mean rainfall). Probabilities of the drought persisting are calculated for each of the scenarios. The results show substantial increases in the probability of the drought persisting for even moderate reductions in mean rainfall. The sensitivity of the decision to augment supply to the scenario results depends ultimately on the planners tolerable thresholds for the probability of the drought persisting. The use of different scenarios enables planners to explore the sensitivity of the decision in terms of their risk tolerance to ongoing drought and to their degree of belief in each of the scenarios tested.     

Contamination of the Chalk Aquifer by Chlorinated Solvents: A Case Study of the Luton and Dunstable Area

A detailed investigation of contamination by chlorinated solvents of the Chalk Aquifer underlying the towns of Luton and Dunstable was undertaken to assess the extent, causes and mechanisms of pollution. The research programme incorporated land-use surveys, regional groundwater surveys, monitoring of groundwater abstraction points and aquifer profiling by means of the drilling of observation boreholes, the analysis of the recovered core material and the depth sampling of these and other boreholes.
Low-level solvent contamination of the Chalk Aquifer was found to be widespread with 'hotspots'of higher concentrations. At the drilling sites, both the saturated and unsaturated zones were contaminated with solvents, although free product was not observed. The presence of an additional contaminant, oil, at some sites was noted to influence the distribution of solvents within the aquifer.
Clean-up of the aquifer is not a practical option, and treatment of the groundwater at the abstraction points has been adopted.     

用环境水利理念和方法建设富锦市城市防洪工程

本文结合富锦市城区堤防建设论述了城市防洪建设应从单一防洪目标逐步过渡到区域性多目标治理。以水利工 程为载体,推动促进环境的改善,实现防洪、水资源、生态环境以及城市景观建设的协调统一。     

海南省水资源配置决策的层次分析模型研究

海南省特殊的地理位置决定了其水资源配置问题的独特性,在水资源配置方案中,呈现出多阶段、多层次、多目标、多决策主体的特点,使得水资源配置模型难以确定并给决策带来了很大的风险性。本文研究了适合于海南省水资源优化配置所需的评比指标,对层次分析法加以改进,结合海南省水资源配置问题的决策要求,用改进后的层次分析法进行评价指标优化计算,最终得出了较为满意的结果。     

IT资源整合、共享与质量标准化管理的研究

针对IT资源的特殊性，以校园为例，论证了提高IT资源利用率的重要意义，以及在资源规划中考虑资源贬值、需求锁定、冗余的必要，同时，阐述配置管理规范化与技术平台一致性对提高校园IT资源利用率和降低管理风险的价值和现实意义。     

网络环境下开发期刊信息资源的策略

论述了在信息技术高度发达的今天,图书馆期刊信息的特征和资源保障;提出在网络环境中开发期刊信息资源的主要策略,包括开展期刊目次报道、开展定题服务、网上期刊信息资源的开发、以及利用网络开展文献传递服务等.     

察尔汗盐湖镁资源的开发及展望

察尔汗盐湖不仅具有丰富的镁资源，而且具有开发盐湖的能源，政策优势，由脱水氯化镁可制得多种镁产品。氯化镁脱水技术，氯化镁制金属镁技术是综合开发盐湖水镁资源的关键技术，将纳米技术应用于盐湖镁资源的开发，使镁产品高值化，精细化，将是察尔汗盐湖镁资源的开发方向。     

《联合国气候变化框架公约》与我国水电资源开发

《联合国气候变化框架公约》旨在将大气中的温室气体浓度稳定在防止气候系统受到危险的人为干扰的水平上，使生态系统能够自然地适应气候变化，确保粮食生产免受威胁并使经济发展能够可持续地进行。该公约对我国控制高污染煤炭能源的生产消费，发展清洁可持续利用的替代能源，特别是发展水电资源，制订国家中长期能源战略将产生深远的影响。     

对我国石油可采资源量的预测研究

回顾了世界上现行的可采资源量预测方法,总结分析了在我国石油勘探开发过程中大型油气田的发现规律及储采比变化规律,探讨了累积发现可采储量、累积产量与可采资源量三者之间的内在关系及储采比的变化对它们的影响.在此基础上,利用累积发现的可采储量与累积产量建立了预测可采资源量的有效方法———全程历史拟合法和储采比递减阶段曲线拟合法.利用上述两种方法预测出中国石油的经济可采资源量为107.8×10⁸t,次经济的可采储量约为(27～36)×10⁸t,还对部分油区的可采资源量进行了预测.预测结果表明,两种方法对比使用,能获得较好的预测效果.     

Impacts of green roofs and rain water use on the water balance and groundwater levels in urban areas

Ohne Zusammenfassung

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Impacts of green roofs and rain water use on the water balance and groundwater levels in urban areas