Identification of Parametric Variations of Structures Based on Least Squares Estimation and Adaptive Tracking Technique

An important objective of health monitoring systems for civil infrastructures is to identify the state of the structure and to detect the damage when it occurs. System identification and damage detection, based on measured vibration data, have received considerable attention recently. Frequently, the damage of a structure may be reflected by a change of some parameters in structural elements, such as a degradation of the stiffness. Hence it is important to develop data analysis techniques that are capable of detecting the parametric changes of structural elements during a severe event, such as the earthquake. In this paper, we propose a new adaptive tracking technique, based on the least-squares estimation approach, to identify the time-varying structural parameters. In particular, the new technique proposed is capable of tracking the abrupt changes of system parameters from which the event and the severity of the structural damage may be detected. The proposed technique is applied to linear structures, including the Phase I ASCE structural health monitoring benchmark building, and a nonlinear elastic structure to demonstrate its performance and advantages. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed technique is capable of tracking the parametric change of structures due to damages.     

Performance of Alcohol and Safer Sex Change Rulers Compared With Readiness to Change Questionnaires.

As part of a larger intervention study, the authors hypothesized that change rulers created for alcohol and safer sex would be equivalent to longer questionnaires. Ninety-six male college students completed rulers and questionnaires for assessing behavior change readiness. Participants' scores on the rulers significantly correlated with their scores on the questionnaires (r = .77 for alcohol; r = .77 for safer sex). In both domains, the rulers outperformed the questionnaires in predicting behavioral intentions, suggesting that the rulers had at least comparable concurrent criterion validity. This finding is the first of its kind in the safe sex literature and suggests that quick assessments of readiness to change are possible. Because the rulers are a continuous measure, the results are consistent with the idea that the change process is continuous rather than a series of discrete stages. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

焦化锅炉检测保护系统改造

太钢公司对燃煤锅炉进行燃高炉煤气锅炉设计改造。在煤气保护没有快速切断的情况下,分析了多种可能发生的故障,最终改造成功。     

Behavior of Composite Unreinforced Masonry–Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Wall Assemblages Under In-Plane Loading

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the in-plane behavior of face shell mortar bedded unreinforced masonry (URM) wall assemblages retrofitted with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) laminates. Forty-two URM assemblages were tested under different stress conditions present in masonry shear and infill walls. Tests included prisms loaded in compression with different bed joint orientation (on/off-axis compression), diagonal tension specimens, and specimens loaded under joint shear. The behavior of each specimen type is discussed with emphasis on modes of failure, strength and deformation characteristics. Results showed that the application of FRP laminates on URM has a great influence on strength, postpeak behavior, as well as altering failure modes and maintaining the specimen integrity. The retrofitted specimens reached compressive strength of 1.62–5.64 times that of their unretrofitted counterparts, depending on the bed joint orientation, and joint shear strength increased by eightfold.     

Description of Structural Damage Caused by the Terrorist Attack on the Pentagon

On September 11, 2001, an airliner was intentionally crashed into the Pentagon. It struck at the first elevated slab on the west wall, and slid approximately 310?ft (94.5?m) diagonally into the building. The force of the collision demolished numerous columns and the fa?ade of the exterior wall, and induced damage to first-floor columns and the first elevated slab over an area approximately 90?ft (27.4?m) wide and 310?ft (94.5?m) long. None of the building collapsed immediately. The portion that remained standing, even after an intense fire, sustained substantial damage at the first-floor level.     

高放废物地质处置性能评价

为建立我国高放废物地质处置性能评价方法而系统地介绍了性能评价的研究目的、研究内容、研究方法、国内外研究现状；以此为基础，提出了关于开展我国性能评价的若干建议。性能评价方法的建立将有利于我国高放废物地质处置事业的协调发展。     

Review of Protecting Children from Domestic Violence: Strategies for Community Intervention.

Reviews the book Protecting children from domestic violence: Strategies for community intervention, edited by Peter J. Jaffe, Linda L. Baker, and Alison J. Cunningham (see record 2005-04430-000). The book emerged from the International Conference on Children Exposed to Domestic Violence that was held in London, Ontario in 2001. It begins with an excellent chapter by Jeffrey Edleson synthesizing the literature on the impact of exposure to domestic violence on children. Edleson's chapter is followed by two papers examining emerging assessments and treatment programs. The second section of the book addresses current thinking about individual and group intervention approaches. The third section of the book examines broader system level responses, including public awareness and school-based campaigns, as well as responses by the courts and police. This is a well-organized collection of papers that provides a good overview of the state of knowledge and innovative practice in an emerging field of practice. Protecting Children from Domestic Violence provides practitioners, policy makers, and researchers with an excellent overview of current knowledge and practices in working with children exposed to domestic violence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Assessment and Early Instruction of Preschool Children at Risk for Reading Disability.

Preschool children at familial risk for reading disability were assessed on cognitive and linguistic variables and compared with preschoolers without familial risk. Risk children displayed performance profiles resembling those of older children with reading disability. Each group received intensive instruction in phonemic awareness and structured book reading. Instructed risk children made somewhat smaller gains than the nonrisk and required more teaching sessions to reach criterion. Rhyme and phoneme awareness predicted instruction outcome levels, and vocabulary and verbal short-term memory predicted number of teaching sessions to criterion. In kindergarten, the nonrisk group outperformed the risk group on reading and spelling, although the risk group reached grade-appropriate levels. At-risk children can be helped by appropriate preschool instruction, but they require more sustained teaching than nonrisk preschoolers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Accountability in Child Welfare Services: Developing a Statewide Outcome Evaluation Program.

Questions are often raised regarding the effectiveness and value of treatment programs for children and families. Recently, programs have been increasingly held accountable for services offered. In response, the member agencies of IARCCA have developed a comprehensive outcome measurement program. This article describes the project, focusing on the conditions that led to its inception and how the measurement plan was developed. In addition, the article includes information on the selection of personnel, measurement instruments, and methods and on the process of data collection. Summary results are provided, including how these results are utilized to improve services. Finally, the continued expansion and future directions of the Outcome Project are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

船用核动力SGTR事故安全分析

本文论述了船用核动力装置蒸汽发生器传热管断裂事故（SGTR）安全分析的重要性。并以陆奥号核动力商船为例，运用事件树分析技术，对SGTR事故进行了安全分析。得出了事故后可能导致堆芯熔化的事故序列，确定了堆芯熔化数学模型，并进行了定量化分析。最后根据对支配性事故序列和各题头事件重要度的分析，提出了降低SGTR事故导致堆芯熔化发生概率应采取的相应措施。