世界已建高坝大库统计分析

为了解和掌握世界范围内的高坝大库建设情况,统计全球已建成的特大型高坝大库资料。在此基础上,根据地区、坝型和建成年代对高坝大库有关特征进行分析,总结了世界高坝大库的地区分布规律、主要坝型和历史建设趋势,得出如下结论:世界高坝大库工程主要分布于亚洲、欧洲、北美洲;高坝的坝型通常是混凝土拱坝、堆石坝和混凝土重力坝,而形成特大水库的大坝多为混凝土重力坝、堆石坝和混凝土拱坝;高坝大库工程基本上建成于1945年以后,目前世界高坝大库的建设中心已转移至中国。     

水闸底流消能计算公式的分析与改进

以上海市东风西沙水库下游水闸消能设计为例,对水闸消能计算中遇到的问题加以分析后发现,在上游水位不变、过闸单宽流量不变、下游水深较小的情况下,下游水深越小,采用《水闸设计规范》(SL265—2001)中的消能计算公式计算得到的消力池深度反而越小,这与实际情况有较大的出入。通过理论推算,对原计算公式进行了修正,并采用修正后的计算公式进行了消能计算,计算结果与实际情况相符。     

坐标转换在悬高测量中的应用

悬高测量是在目标点底部设置棱镜测量距离,再测定目标点的垂直角,计算出目标点的高程(高度)。但在目标点底部无法设置棱镜,悬高测量就无法进行。为此,文章介绍的悬高测量方法、计算原理和计算公式较好地解决了以上问题。同时讨论了其实际测量中的注意事项。     

Peirce机织物几何结构模型的探讨

织物几何结构就是纱线在织物内部的屈曲状态,它影响织物的外观效应和物理机械性能,必须精确计算.在被普遍使用的Peirce机织物几何结构模型中,暗含如下假设:1织物中经纬纱屈曲波高无论怎样变化,其和均等于经纬纱理论直径之和乘以压扁系数;2同一浮长覆盖下的纱线中心在同一水平面上,屈曲波高仅与织物密度和织造缩率有关.从两个方面对此进行验证,一是以经典教材多块织物样品为例,用Peirce公式计算结果评估自身的精确性;二是用Nedgraphics纹织系统设计同一经纬密度的各种结构的机织物,在电子提花机上织造后利用Keyence 3D共聚焦显微镜对织物正反面进行非破坏性测量,得到不同浮长织物的屈曲波高并进行分析.结果表明,Peirce机织物的几何结构模型存在不足,需进一步改进.     

Experimental investigation on the stability of bride girder against tsunami forces

Bridges are the most useful part in the transportation network. Any disruption of the bridge structures may hamper the whole transportation system. In the last recent tsunamis, numerous number of bridges were structurally damaged by the tsunami waves. Lack of proper provisions of tsunami forces in the design guidelines also contributes to the augmentations of the damage level. Therefore, proper evaluation of the tsunami forces on the bridge girder should be introduced in the design promptly. In this study, laboratory experiments were carried out to reveal the damage mechanism of the bridge girder by assessing the exerted tsunami forces. Both broken and unbroken waves were considered for the analysis. The results showed that measured forces were larger for broken waves than those of unbroken waves. Maximum force of the broken waves was 4.59 times as large as the hydrostatic pressure. Also, waves reached the peak value more rapidly for larger wave heights than those of smaller ones. Additionally, a girder that is placed at a higher position is much vulnerable to tsunami hazard.     

高精度小型无人机气压高度测量系统的设计

介绍了一种基于MPX4115传感器和C8051F352单片机的小型无人机高度测量系统的设计及实现过程,详细论述了系统软硬件的设计原理,对传感器性能进行了分析并利用压力校验仪对其压力、温度补偿系数进行修正,保证测量准确度;通过硬件设计增加抗干扰能力并设计软件滤波算法提高输出稳定性;对高度-气压公式进行了插值拟合,解决了单片机计算能力不足的问题,提高计算性能;该系统具有小型化、功耗低、结构简单、精度高,稳定性和抗干扰能力强等优点。     

空中无线电监测平台最佳工作高度探究

无线通信技术的快速发展使得无线电监测环境日益复杂,传统的无线电监测网很难满足日常无线电监测的需求,为了实现空中无线电全方位立体式的监测,实现覆盖范围内空中频率通信安全畅通,探究满足需求的最佳平台工作高度.在云南省昆明市呈贡大学城应用飞艇作为空中平台,搭载无线电监测设备,对发射的12个不同地点的监测信号进行信号强度的测试.飞艇飞行高度达到100m时,大部分监测信号能被监测得到,能满足无线电监测的日常需求.证明了建立云南省空中无线电监测的可行性,并得出了满足监测工作需求的最佳平台高度,为今后空中监测平台的部署提供了有力支撑.     

纺牵卷一体机牵伸辊上丝路调节方法的分析

分析了纺丝丝束在纺牵卷一体机双辊牵伸机上的丝路形状与牵伸辊直径、双牵伸辊的夹角、左牵伸辊的调节角度和入辊丝的分丝宽度的关系 ,并找到形成最佳丝路时的各辊最佳角度 ,可很快地调节丝路 ,不会产生大量废丝     

建筑工程测量中高差闭合差的计算与调整

在高程控制测量中，可以通过计算高差闭合差来检验观测成果的质量。而高差闭合差这一概念，在建筑工程测量的实际应用中容易混淆。文章从高差闭合差计算、调整和高程计算三个方面入手，给出了对高差闭合差理解的思路，以及在控制测量中高差闭合差平差的新方法。经实践验证，有益于工作效率的提高。     

Study on thermal infrared remote sensing of Yarlung Zangbo River and Bangong Co-Nujiang River suture belt in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The area change of heat abnormity is not in accordance with conclusions of former thermal infrared remote sensing studies of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which were that the temperature of Yarlung Zangbo River suture belt of the southern Plateau is high and the northern temperature is low. The study result in this paper shows that the highest temperature is found in the Bangong Co-Nujiang River suture belt, the Yarlung Zangbo River suture belt temperature is the second highest, and the northern Tibet temperature is the lowest. The study demonstration area was the suture belt areas of the Yarlung Zangbo River and the Bangong Co-Nujiang River in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where the land temperature of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the bore temperature of field land surface were measured and the emissivity of land surface was calculated. In addition, the authors explore the mechanism of the relationship between thermal infrared remote sensing and constructing thermodynamics and reach four new conclusions about the thermodynamics of the Tibet Plateau.