花岗岩残积土-土工格栅界面的后循环剪切行为研究

花岗岩残积土在华南、东南沿海、南岳、新疆等地区广泛分布,前人的研究多集中在结构性及微观特性上,后循环加载、位移演化、土壤密度等因素对筋-土界面的剪切特性及加筋作用效果的影响评估研究较少。从循环试验剪切刚度这一重要参数入手,以加载次数、加载频率值、位移振幅值、土壤重度值为自变量,应用控制变量法,通过设计循环直剪试验,得到加筋花岗岩残积土的剪切应力与剪切位移、垂直位移与剪切位移关系曲线进行观察对比,结果表明:花岗岩残积土土工格栅界面剪切刚度受位移半振幅、土壤干重度影响很大,受加载频率影响很小,循环加载并没有弱化后循环界面剪切强度,剪切位移与位移半振幅呈负相关关系。     

高压旋喷锚杆在黄土深基坑支护中的模拟研究

为了研究高压旋喷锚杆支护体系在黄土深基坑工程中的工作性状,选取西安某深基坑支护工程为研究对象,运用MIDAS/GTS软件对该支护体系进行了有限元数值模拟,并与二次注浆锚杆支护体系的模拟结果进行了对比分析。结果表明:两种基坑支护方式均可满足该基坑支护的技术要求,但采用高压旋喷锚杆支护时,需要锚杆的总长度为二次注浆锚杆长度的62%,且高压旋喷锚杆筋体可实现回收,降低了锚杆施工对周围土层的干扰,其在黄土地区高边坡及深基坑支护工程中有着广阔的应用前景。     

某坝肩边坡开挖优化设计方案研究

为了研究前坪水库右坝肩边坡在设计方案和优化设计方案开挖下的边坡稳定性分析,采用数值分析和极限平衡法进行研究,首先针对边坡典型剖面进行了数值分析,研究边坡的位移和应力分布规律,然后运用极限平衡法得出边坡的安全系数,两种方法结合不仅可以反映边坡的稳定性和位移场之间的关系,而且可以用工程界所熟悉的安全系数来评价边坡的稳定性。结果表明边坡开挖优化设计方案满足边坡稳定性规范要求,且优化方案减少了开挖量,节省了工程投资,使得工程尽早发挥效益。     

重力坝深层抗滑稳定设计初探

针对某水库重力坝坝基地层倾角平缓(8°~15°),基岩为薄层状结构,坝基深层抗滑设计是工程关键技术,在利用抗剪断强度理论进行坝基抗滑稳定计算的基础上,通过分析比较常见的坝基基础处理措施,最终确定重力坝坝基采用坝趾处设置混凝土深齿墙措施,可同时提高坝基浅层及深层抗滑稳定安全系数。     

基于弯道二次流修正模型的大辽河潮流界时空变化模拟

基于ELADI算法的平面二维水环境模型WESC2D,定量研究大辽河潮区界与潮流界的时空变化规律。在模拟和验证大辽河潮位变化过程基础上,通过数值试验系统地模拟分析了上游径流量及汇流比、下游潮差和海平面上升对大辽河潮区界与潮流界的影响规律,并以1999年—2009年水文过程为条件定量研究大辽河潮流界的年、月变化及潮流界位置出现频率。结果表明,径流是影响大辽河潮区界与潮流界位置的主要因素,大辽河潮流界远远超过三岔河。     

土体固结粉在软土地基加固中的应用研究

针对上海地区软土地基特点,利用工业废渣为主要原料配制成新型土体固结材料——土体固结粉。通过室内的无侧限抗压强度及XRD试验得出其固化土的强度性能及加固机理;再通过室外原位搅拌桩施工及芯样试验进行分析,研究了土体固结粉在软土地基加固实际工程中的适用性。     

高效液相色谱分析除草净

本文采用Ｌｉｃｈｒｏｓｏｒｂ Ｓｉ－６０色谱柱，以正二十二烷为内标，高效液相色谱分析除草净粉剂有效成分扑草净，乙草胺，苄嘧黄隆含量的方法，扑草净，乙草胺，苄嘧黄隆变异系数分别为０．４７，０．３９，０．４５，线性相关系数分别为０．９９８１，０．９９９２，０．９９９７。     

新型离子液体气相色谱固定相研究

合成了一种用作新型气相色谱固定相的室温离子液体[C7H17NO] [(CF3SO2)2N]-,并考察其色谱性能。该固定相具有较好的成膜性、较高的柱效、较强的极性,对正构烷烃、芳香族化合物以及一些位置异构体具有良好的分离效果。     

水稻全生育期应用腐植酸液肥的效果初报

腐植酸液肥——科力素(KLS)对水稻生长发育影响较大。试验表明,水稻苗床施用KLS明显刺激秧苗生长,处理区根长、根数、地上地下百株鲜重及带蘖率都好于对照区。不同生育时期喷施KLS,水稻发育加快,自返青期开始到成熟期都有不同程度提前,一般早熟3～5d。产量增加幅度为4.7%～21.1%,平均增产11.3%,亩增效37.44～204.48元,平均为99.2元,产投比约为12∶1。     

Nitrogen transformations during hydrolysis and nitrification of urea

Nitrogen transformations occurring in ten soils fertilized with urea were determined during incubation in the laboratory for four weeks. Urea was applied at one rate, but with different placement methods. Urea was applied in solution, as prills with a 1 cm grid spacing and as prills with no spacing. Unfertilized soils and soils amended with KNO₃ solution were included as controls.Nitrite accumulated in the majority of soils treated with urea, and the maximum nitrite concentration measured was directly related to initial soil pH. Cumulative gaseous N losses as percentages of applied N were: NH₃, 0-59.6; N₂, 0-4.9; N₂O, 0-9.9; KMnO₄-N, 0-1.3; CH₃ONO, 0-<0.1. No gaseous N evolution was detected in control treatments. Gaseous N losses were correlated with soil pH (NH₃) maximum NO ₂ ^- concentration (N₂, N₂O, KMnO₄-N) and organic C content (N₂, N₂O). Fertilizer placement effects were generally not significant and were small in comparison with differences between soils.

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Resumo Foram determinadas, durante incubação em laboratório por quatro semanas, as transformações do nitrogênio ocorridas em dez solos fertilizados com uréia. A uréia foi aplicada a um só nivel, mas com diferentes métodos de aplicação: em solução e em grânulos com 1 cm de espaçamento de grade e em grânulos sem espaçamento. Solos não fertilizados e solos corrigidos com solução de KNO₃ foram incluidos como controles.O nitrito acumulado na maioria dos solos tratados com uréia e a concentração máxima de nitrito medido foram diretamente relacionados ao pH inicial do solo. As perdas cumulativas de N gasoso tomadas em percentagens de N aplicado foram: NH₃, 0-59.6; N₂, 0-4.9; N₂O; 0-9.9; KMnO₄-N, 0-1.3; CH₃ONO, 0-<0.1. Não foi detectada liberação de N gasoso nos tratamentos de controle. As perdas de N gasoso foram relacionadas com o pH do solo (NH₃), concentração máxima de NO ₂ ^- (N₂, N₂O, KMnO₄-N) e teor de C orgânico (N₂, N₂O). Efeitos da aplicação de fertilizante não foram de um modo geral significativos e foram pequenos em comparação com as diferenças entre os solos.