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71.
基于图像的建模和绘制方法与基于传统的几何绘制方法相比有很多优点,但是在场景几何参数未知的情况下,要实现单幅图片和图像序列的漫游,难度很大.TIP(tour into a picture)技术使得在一幅图像中漫游成为可能.为了实现场景几何参数未知情况下的场景漫游,在对TIP技术进行扩展的基础上,提出了一种能够在未知视点路径的图像序列中实现场景漫游的方法.这种算法在相机未定标的情况下,不仅解决了图像序列建模和场景漫游过程中前后图像场景不能平滑过渡的问题,并且扩大了TIP中视线方向变化的动态范围,从而在保证图像质量的情况下,实现了由图像序列到场景的无限制漫游.实际图像序列的实验结果表明,该算法是有效的,具有实际应用价值. 相似文献
72.
73.
水电开发对旅游的影响及其对策--以华光潭水电站和浙西大峡谷为例 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
浙西大峡谷风景区内已建有不少小水电站,又将建一中型水电站,大峡谷景区中的昌化溪将几近断流,通过以此为案例,探讨了山区河流引水式水电开发对旅游的影响以及保护旅游水资源的相应对策。 相似文献
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Recent advances in versatile automated gauging have enabled accurate geometric tolerance assessment on the shop floor. This paper is concerned with the uncertainty evaluation associated with comparative coordinate measurement using the design of experiments (DOE) approach. It employs the Renishaw Equator which is a software-driven comparative gauge based on the traditional comparison of production parts to a reference master part. The fixturing requirement of each production part to the master part is approximately ±1 mm for a comparison process with an uncertainty of ±2 μm. Therefore, a number of experimental designs are applied with the main focus on the influence of part misalignment from rotation between master and measure coordinate frames on the comparator measurement uncertainty. Other factors considered include measurement mode mainly in scanning and touch-trigger probing (TTP) and alignment procedure used to establish the coordinate reference frame (CRF) with respect to the number of contact points used for each geometric feature measured. The measurement uncertainty analysis of the comparator technique used by the Equator gauge commences with a simple measurement task using a gauge block to evaluate the three-dimensional (3D) uncertainty of length comparative coordinate measurement influenced by an offset by tilt in one direction (two-dimensional angular misalignment). Then, a specific manufactured measurement object is employed so that the comparator measurement uncertainty can be assessed for numerous measurement tasks within a satisfactory range of the working volume of the versatile gauge. Furthermore, in the second case study, different types of part misalignment including both 2D and 3D angular misalignments are applied. The time required for managing the re-mastering process is also examined. A task specific uncertainty evaluation is completed using DOE. Also, investigating the effects of process variations that might be experienced by such a device in workshop environments. It is shown that the comparator measurement uncertainties obtained by all the experiments agree with system features under specified conditions. It is also demonstrated that when the specified conditions are exceeded, the comparator measurement uncertainty is associated with the measurement task, the measurement strategy used, the feature size, and the magnitude and direction of offset angles in relation to the reference axes of the machine. In particular, departures from the specified part fixturing requirement of Equator have a more significant effect on the uncertainty of length measurement in comparator mode and a less significant effect on the diameter measurement uncertainty for the specific Equator and test conditions. 相似文献
76.
Coupled Hydrological/Hydraulic Modelling of River Restoration Impacts and Floodplain Hydrodynamics
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H. M. Clilverd J. R. Thompson C. M. Heppell C. D. Sayer J. C. Axmacher 《河流研究与利用》2016,32(9):1927-1948
Channelization and embankment of rivers has led to major ecological degradation of aquatic habitats worldwide. River restoration can be used to restore favourable hydrological conditions for target species or processes. However, the effects of river restoration on hydraulic and hydrological processes are complex and are often difficult to determine because of the long‐term monitoring required before and after restoration works. Our study is based on rarely available, detailed pre‐restoration and post‐restoration hydrological data collected from a wet grassland meadow in Norfolk, UK, and provides important insights into the hydrological effects of river restoration. Groundwater hydrology and climate were monitored from 2007 to 2010. Based on our data, we developed coupled hydrological/hydraulic models of pre‐embankment and post‐embankment conditions using the MIKE‐SHE/MIKE 11 system. Simulated groundwater levels compared well with observed groundwater. Removal of the river embankments resulted in widespread floodplain inundation at high river flows (>1.7 m3 s?1) and frequent localized flooding at the river edge during smaller events (>0.6 m3 s?1). Subsequently, groundwater levels were higher and subsurface storage was greater. The restoration had a moderate effect on flood peak attenuation and improved free drainage to the river. Our results suggest that embankment removal can increase river–floodplain hydrological connectivity to form a more natural wetland ecotone, driven by frequent localized flood disturbance. This has important implications for the planning and management of river restoration projects that aim to enhance floodwater storage, floodplain species composition and biogeochemical cycling of nutrients. © 2016 The Authors. River Research and Applications Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 相似文献
77.
Future bottlenecks in international river basins: where transboundary institutions,population growth and hydrological variability intersect 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using global data, this article examines the nexus of transboundary flood events and future social vulnerability. Which international river basins are forecast to experience an increase in both hydrological variability and population in the future, but currently lack institutional provisions to deal with these shared events? Concentrations of elevated risk are found in several basins in Central Asia, Central America and Central Africa. The article ends by highlighting transboundary basins that merit further investigation and possibly additional institution building to reduce urban flood risk. 相似文献
78.
Online data acquisition, data assimilation and integrated hydrological modelling have become more and more important in hydrological science. In this study, we explore cloud computing for integrating field data acquisition and stochastic, physically-based hydrological modelling in a data assimilation and optimisation framework as a service to water resources management. For this purpose, we developed an ensemble Kalman filter-based data assimilation system for the fully-coupled, physically-based hydrological model HydroGeoSphere, which is able to run in a cloud computing environment. A synthetic data assimilation experiment based on the widely used tilted V-catchment problem showed that the computational overhead for the application of the data assimilation platform in a cloud computing environment is minimal, which makes it well-suited for practical water management problems. Advantages of the cloud-based implementation comprise the independence from computational infrastructure and the straightforward integration of cloud-based observation databases with the modelling and data assimilation platform. 相似文献
79.
针对传统透水混凝土工作性能不佳和强度偏低的问题,研究了纳米二氧化硅改性透水混凝土的新拌流变性能与硬化性能.结果表明:纳米二氧化硅能够改善新拌透水混凝土中浆体的黏聚性并减少振动时浆体的向下流动,当纳米二氧化硅质量分数达到1.00%时,透水混凝土中浆体的塑性黏度和触变环面积分别提高了64.74%和235.96%;纳米二氧化硅能够通过提高浆体强度来改善透水混凝土的抗压强度,当纳米二氧化硅质量分数超过0.50%后,其对透水混凝土抗压强度的增强效果不再明显;纳米二氧化硅还可以略微提高透水混凝土的透水性能,推测与纳米二氧化硅使得透水混凝土在竖直方向上的孔隙均匀分布有关. 相似文献
80.