豫西潭玉沟银多金属矿地质特征与勘查评价

潭玉沟银多金属矿床为构造蚀变岩型矿床,银矿石类型主要为多金属硫化物—钾长石型银矿石、多金属硫化物—石英脉型银矿石、多金属硫化物—白云石型银矿石等3类;矿石中的主要有用组分为银,以独立银矿物或含银铜矿物形式存在,矿石中有用组分银、铅(锌)分布不均匀且交互变化。在矿床勘查评价中,应加强综合研究,在科学论证的基础上,制定矿床综合工业指标,确定矿石的工业利用前景。     

Alternative work schedule interventions in the Australian construction industry: a comparative case study analysis

Project‐based construction workers in the Australian construction industry work long and irregular hours and experience higher levels of work‐to‐family conflict and burnout than office‐based workers, giving rise to an interest in alternative work schedules as a means of supporting work–life balance. Alternative work schedules were implemented in four case study construction projects in Australia. Interventions differed between projects, with two implementing a compressed work week, and the others introducing reduced hours schedules (one of which was optional). Data were collected from each case study project, using various combinations of focus groups, surveys, interviews and daily diary collection methods. The results were mixed. The compressed work week appears to have been favourably received where it was introduced. However, waged workers still expressed concerns about the impact on their weekly ‘take‐home’ pay. Attempts to reduce work hours by changing from a six‐ to a five‐day schedule (without extending the length of the working day between Monday and Friday) were less favourably received. Waged workers, in particular, did not favour reduced hours schedules. The results confirm the existence of two distinct labour markets operating in the Australian construction industry and markedly different responses to alternative work schedules, based upon whether workers are waged or salaried. The results clearly show that attempts to improve work–life balance must take the structural characteristics of the industry's labour markets into consideration in the design of interventions. The impact of alternative work schedules is likely to be moderated by institutional working time regimes within the construction industry.     

Effective construction planning

This paper examines the relationships between construction planning efforts and construction planning effectiveness. The influence of the project's environment and organizational characteristics of construction firms on planning efforts and planning effectiveness is also investigated. A sample of 26 building projects was studied and the results were analysed using simple correlations. Three factors were found to have a significant effect on improving construction planning effectiveness: increases in planning time prior to commencement of work on site, the extent to which emphasis is placed on the determination of construction methods during construction planning and the frequency of revision of construction plans after commencement of work on site. Significant relationships were also found between project environment variables and organizational characteristics of construction firms and planning efforts and planning effectiveness. Implications of the results are that construction planners should systematically evaluate alternative plans, sufficient time should be allowed for proper planning, thorough reviews are needed whilst work is in progress, the planning effort needs to be relevant to the environmental context of the project and the firm should be appropriately organized. Suggestions are given for future research studies.     

Energy decay characteristics of a non-circular supersonic jet

In this paper, we study the energy decay characteristics of the nozzle at supersonic velocity. We have taken three types of configuration: circular, square and elliptical. The results are compared to the circular exit design. The experimental data are compared in relation to the pressure ratio. The throat area assumed to be constant. The supersonic potential core length of the different orientations is calculated. From the results, we have found that the exit geometry plays an important role in mixing promotion. The core length of a non-circular jet is less intense than a circular jet. The core length of the nozzle is the same in both under and overexpanded case. In addition to that, there is no sign of axis switching due to weak shock. The results are obtained in two different categories, total pressure data and numerical simulation. An empirical relation is used to investigate the core length experimentally.     

北京郊外近地面风场特性实测研究

基于北京延庆县某一近地风剖面观测点,观测获得了近地面冬季季风剖面实测数据,研究了近地风剖面的平均风速和风向角、湍流度、阵风因子、相干函数、湍流积分尺度和功率谱密度等风场特性参数,并与现行欧洲、美国、日本等相关国家规范进行了对比分析。研究结果表明：实测风速沿高度的变化规律除3.5m高度外,12.5m高度范围内实测结果与各国规范值基本符合;随着高度的增加,湍流度和阵风因子呈逐渐减小的趋势;实测湍流度结果与欧洲、美国、日本等相关规范湍流度取值较为接近,而与GB 50009-2012《建筑结构荷载规范》差异较大;10m高度范围内顺风向、横风向湍流积分尺度随着高度增加而增大,随着平均风速增大而增大,实测湍流积分尺度结果与国外规范值存在一定差异;随着测点间距增大,竖向相关性的衰减系数明显增大,且实测衰减系数结果与Davenport建议的衰减系数有明显差异;10m高度范围内各高度处的实测功率谱密度曲线基本一致,与已有经验谱有一定差异,但与Devenport谱接近。     

软土地基上高层隔震结构模型振动台试验研究

通过对高层隔震结构模型在刚性地基和软土地基条件下进行对比振动台试验,研究软土地基上高层隔震结构的地震反应特性和隔震效果。采用叠层剪切型土箱以减小边界影响,采用粉质黏土作为模型土,考虑基底压力的相似,采用高宽比为4的5层钢框架作为上部隔震结构模型,设计了软土地基上高层隔震结构、非隔震结构以及刚性地基上隔震、非隔震结构的振动台试验模型。试验结果表明：土-结构相互作用（SSI）效应对隔震结构的影响程度较非隔震结构轻;SSI效应显著降低了隔震结构模型的自振频率、增加了体系的阻尼;软土地基上隔震结构能够有效减轻结构的地震反应,但是相对于非隔震结构的加速度反应比值增大,隔震效果降低;SSI效应可能增加也可能减小隔震结构的地震反应,不仅与地震动类型有关还与输入地震动强度相关;软土地基上高层隔震结构基础输入地震动与自由场地震动在反应谱水平上基本一致,采用自由场地震动确定基础输入地震动是可行的,且偏于安全,而非隔震结构基础输入地震动则与地基更深层的地震动接近。     

高强超薄壁冷弯型钢低层住宅抗震设计方法

结合国内外已完成的冷弯薄壁型钢龙骨式复合墙体静力和动力试验研究成果,提出了冷弯薄壁型钢复合墙体的骨架曲线和恢复力模型。基于已经完成的屈服强度550 MPa高强超薄壁冷弯型钢足尺结构模型振动台试验,对结构在多遇和罕遇地震作用下的抗震分析方法进行了对比。结果表明：多遇地震作用下结构的弹性分析可采用底部剪力法、反应谱法和弹性时程分析法;罕遇地震作用下结构分析可采用静力非线性（推覆）分析和非线性时程分析法。依据GB 50011-2010《建筑抗震设计规范》的基本规定,提出了低层冷弯薄壁型钢龙骨体系结构的抗震设计实用方法建议。     

动静加载下煤的破坏特性及机制的试验研究

动静加载下煤的破坏特性及机制是研究动载冲击地压机制的基础问题,利用改进的霍普金森杆对该问题进行试验研究。首先,通过试验结果的回归分析发现煤在动静加载下有其不同于均质致密岩石的独特的破坏特性。然后,通过对试验结果的讨论对动静加载煤的破坏机制进行分析,发现较多裂隙的存在是导致独特破坏特性的主要原因。破坏模式以裂隙脆性扩展为主;动载的作用主要是使裂隙扩展,进而发生破坏;而静载的作用主要是改变原生裂隙的数量和裂隙尖端的蓄能。最后,基于试验结果对动静加载下煤的冲击危险性进行分析,得出动静加载下煤具有临界静载和最优动载;并将动静载荷下煤的强度作为动载抵抗指数,用来反映抵抗动载能力的强弱;将碎片的分维值作为动载冲击能量指数,用来衡量动载冲击破坏的剧烈程度。     

纪录片在桥涵水文课程教学中的应用探索

桥涵水文课是土木工程类专业的一门重要专业基础课,起着连接前期基础理论课和后续专业课的关键作用。本文探索将视频资料中的一类——纪录片引入桥涵水文课堂教学中,通过启发式引导学生思考和学习。教学效果表明,纪录片教学不仅能够调动学生的学习积极性,拓展其视野和分析问题的角度,同时还可以培养学生的社会责任感和爱国情操,是一种很好的课堂教学补充方式。但同时这种方式也存在一定的局限性,需进一步的完善和提高。     

江苏省地域性民用建筑装饰工程室内环境污染特征与控制

文章在对江苏省地域性室内环境污染大量监测数据统计分析基础上,全面分析了江苏省室内环境污染的新特征,提出了民用建筑室内装饰工程室内环境污染控制新措施,提请全社会重视建筑装饰工程室内环境污染,确保民众身体健康.