碳/碳复合材料表面的含氟磷灰石生物活性涂层

用超声电沉积与离子交换相结合的方法在碳/碳复合材料表面制备含氟磷灰石(FHA)生物活性涂层,研究了离子交换时间和氟化钠浓度对含氟磷灰石(FHA)生物活性涂层的形貌、结构和组成的影响.结果表明:离子交换后的涂层是羟基磷灰石(HA)和含氟磷灰石(FHA)混合物,离子交换前后其表面形貌均呈片状晶体.随着离子交换时间的延长或氟化钠浓度的增加,HA含量降低,FHA含量升高,涂层的晶粒尺寸和致密性均发生变化.离子交换后其涂层与基体的结合强度略有增强,其原因是FHA的热膨胀系数与碳/碳复合材料基体更为匹配,涂层的残余应力减小.     

微孔HA的制备及PLA/HA复合材料的性能研究

采用模板聚合法合成了具有微孔结构的羟基磷灰石（HA）,并用XRD和SEM对HA进行了结构和形貌分析,表明所合成的HA具有微孔结构;用熔融共混法制备了PLA／HA复合材料,测试了材料的弯曲强度并做了体外降解实验。HA含量为5％的样品弯曲强度最大,韧性最好,HA具有减缓PLA降解的作用,HA含量为15％的复合材料的分子量下降速度最慢。     

羟基磷灰石对大肠杆菌吸附铬(Ⅵ)的影响

以实际水体作为实验用水,探究羟基磷灰石(HA)存在下大肠杆菌(E.coli)对六价铬[Cr(Ⅵ)]的捕获吸附特性。结果表明,E.coli对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附符合假一级动力学,适宜pH值为6,该条件下E.coli对Cr(Ⅵ)的饱和吸附量为30.71 mg/g。纳米尺寸的HA释放和生物效应受浓度影响,当HA暴露浓度为5 mg/L时,正电性HA附着于细菌表面,促进E.coli与Cr(Ⅵ)接触,E.coli对Cr(Ⅵ)的饱和吸附量达到最高值55.98 mg/g。当HA暴露浓度为10~50 mg/L时,过量的HA附着在细菌表面,改变了细胞膜的通透性,因而吸附量略有降低,但依然高于E.coli单独对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附量。当HA暴露浓度高于100 mg/L时,团聚在一起的HA对Cr(Ⅵ)也产生吸附作用,提高了体系对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率。总体来说,HA和E.coli共同作用有助于提高对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附效率。     

In Vitro Corrosion and Cytocompatibility Properties of Nano-Whisker Hydroxyapatite Coating on Magnesium Alloy for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

We report here the successful fabrication of nano-whisker hydroxyapatite (nHA) coatings on Mg alloy by using a simple one-step hydrothermal process in aqueous solution. The nHA coating shows uniform structure and high crystallinity. Results indicate that nHA coating is promising for improving the in vitro corrosion and cytocompatibility properties of Mg-based implants and devices for bone tissue engineering. In addition, the simple hydrothermal deposition method used in the current study is also applicable to substrates with complex shapes or surface geometries.     

Selenium-Substituted Hydroxyapatite/Biodegradable Polymer/Pamidronate Combined Scaffold for the Therapy of Bone Tumour

The present study evaluated a new concept of combined scaffolds as a promising bone replacement material for patients with a bone tumour or bone metastasis. The scaffolds were composed of hydroxyapatite doped with selenium ions and a biodegradable polymer (linear or branched), and contained an active substance—bisphosphonate. For this purpose, a series of biodegradable polyesters were synthesized through a ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone or d,l-lactide in the presence of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) or hyperbranched 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid polyester-16-hydroxyl (bis-MPA) initiators, substances often used in the synthesis of medical materials. The polymers were obtained with a high yield and a number-average molecular weight up to 45,300 (g/mol). The combined scaffolds were then manufactured by a direct compression of pre-synthesized hydroxyapatite doped with selenite or selenate ions, obtained polymer and pamidronate as a model drug. It was found that the kinetic release of the drug from the scaffolds tested in vitro under physiological conditions is strongly dependent on the physicochemical properties and average molecular weight of the polymers. Furthermore, there was good correlation with the hydrolytic biodegradation results of the scaffolds fabricated without drug. The preliminary findings suggest that the fabricated combined scaffolds could be effectively used for the sustained delivery of bioactive molecules at bone defect sites.     

生物可降解梯度多孔Fe-3Ag/HA复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用粉末冶金技术制备梯度多孔Fe-3Ag/HA复合材料,研究了造孔剂分布、烧结温度、HA含量对梯度多孔Fe-3Ag/HA复合材料的孔隙度和力学性能的影响。观察了梯度多孔Fe-3Ag/HA复合材料的显微组织及腐蚀后的微观形貌,测量了梯度多孔Fe-3Ag/HA复合材料的物相组成和耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,随着造孔剂和HA含量增加,烧结产物的孔隙度增加,抗压强度减少。提高造孔剂含量,梯度多孔Fe-3Ag/HA复合材料的耐腐蚀性能明显降低;提高HA含量,该复合物的耐腐蚀性能比梯度多孔Fe-3Ag略有增加,但是其腐蚀速率明显高于梯度多孔纯Fe试样。在模拟人工体液中浸泡3天后,梯度多孔Fe-3Ag/HA复合材料比梯度多孔Fe-3Ag合金表面沉积了更多的HA,这表明HA相有诱导模拟人工体液中Ca和P离子沉积的能力,与Fe基合金相比该复合材料具有更好的生物相容性。     

脉冲激光沉积羟基磷灰石薄膜的研究现状

羟基磷灰石(HA)具有优良的生物相容性,被用作植入体涂层材料广泛应用于整形外科、神经外科和牙科方面,利用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)技术制备的HA薄膜具有高的结晶度和结合强度,受到人们的关注。综述了PLD技术制备HA薄膜的研究现状,系统地阐述了沉积过程中工艺参数对薄膜性质的影响,包括靶材的性质、气氛、衬底温度、激光波长和能量密度、缓冲膜等,分析了薄膜的力学特性和生物活性,展望了该项技术的应用前景。     

反相微乳液法制备纳米羟基磷灰石及其表征

采用水溶液(W)/环己烷(O)/Triton X-100(S)/正戊醇(A)反相微乳液体系制备出粒径为20～60nm的球状羟基磷灰石(Hap)颗粒,并用TEM、XRD、IR和动态激光散射等手段对合成的样品进行形貌和结构表征.研究结果表明,合成的Hap具有弱结晶性,与人骨结构较相似.改变水油比可实现对纳米Hap颗粒尺寸的控制.微乳液经超声处理后,可制得尺寸为80nm×(5～15)nm的Hap纳米针状晶体.增加Hap微乳液的搅拌时间对纳米Hap的颗粒度、粒度分布影响不大.     

微乳液法合成羟基磷灰石纳米微晶及其性能研究

在一定的pH值条件下,以DTAC为表面活性剂、正辛醇为助表面活性剂、环己烷为油相形成的微乳液模板,诱导Ca(NO3)2和(NH4)2HPO4在其形成的微反应器中反应,反应物经混合陈化后即可生成片状和长柱状等多种微观形貌的羟基磷灰石纳米微晶(HA).将所得产物在不同温度下焙烧,分别用FTIR、XRD和TEM等对其结构及形貌进行表征,对不同表面活性剂浓度和反应物浓度条件下所得HA的微观形貌分别进行了分析对比.     

反应温度对合成纳米羟基磷灰石粉体的粒度和相结构的影响

采用化学沉淀法在Ca（OH）2／H3PO4／H2O体系下合成了纳米羟基磷灰石（HA）粉体,研究了影响纳米羟基磷灰石生成的重要参数——反应温度对粒度和相结构的影响,用FT-IR、XRD、TEM等对HA的粒度、相结构和形貌进行了表征。结果表明,反应温度不仅影响纳米卧粉体的粒度、结晶度,而且影响纳米结晶的生长习性。在25％。90℃范围内合成了纳米HA粉体,随反应温度的提高,纳米羟基磷灰石颗粒的结晶尺寸呈先增加后减小的趋势,形状由针状变为短棒状。