熔融浸渍法制备PE-HD/黄麻纤维复合材料工艺及性能研究

采用特殊设计的天然纤维熔融浸渍模具制备黄麻长纤维颗粒,通过注塑工艺,制备了长黄麻纤维增强高密度聚乙烯（PE-HD）复合材料。研究了纤维含量、浸渍模具温度对PE-HD/黄麻纤维复合材料力学性能、微观断面形貌的影响。结果表明,利用熔融浸渍工艺制备PE-HD/黄麻纤维复合材料,有效地保障了黄麻纤维的长度,可显著提高复合材料的力学性能;当黄麻纤维含量为45 %,浸渍模具温度为210 ℃时,PE-HD/黄麻纤维复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度最优,相对纯PE-HD分别提高了49.1 %和137 %。     

Preparation and mechanical properties of Ti3SiC2/SiC functionally graded materials

Ti₃SiC₂/SiC functionally graded materials (FGMs) were prepared via hot-pressing sintering followed by positioning impregnation. Positioning impregnation is a novel technique for local impregnation targeted at graded layers that exhibit poor sintering behaviour. The positioning impregnation process significantly densified layers with SiC volume fractions of more than 70% while only slightly affecting the densities of the other layers and preserving sufficiently weak interfaces between layers. FGMs that were hot pressed at 1600 and 1700 °C and then subjected to impregnation showed not only high flexural strengths but also zigzag load-displacement behaviour. The flexural strengths of these FGMs were 436 and 485 MPa, respectively; in comparison, the values for the FGMs without impregnation that were hot pressed at 1600, 1700 and 1800 °C were 235, 268 and 328 MPa, respectively. Moreover, the fracture toughnesses of these FGMs were 8.23 and 7.15 MPa m^1/2, respectively; in comparison, the values for the FGMs without impregnation that were hot pressed at 1600, 1700 and 1800 °C were 6.77, 7.05 and 4.65 MPa m^1/2, respectively.     

用于合成4-(反-4′-正丙基环己基)环己酮催化剂的研究

环己酮衍生物作为一种重要的液晶中间体,其制备方法尤其是催化加氢合成法的研究受到关注。以质量分数55%HNO₃处理的工业椰壳活性炭为载体,采用等体积浸渍与沉积-沉淀结合的方法制备0.9%Au-5%Pd/C-IM-DP催化剂,并应用于选择性加氢制备4-(反-4′-正丙基环己基)环己酮的反应。以环己烷作为溶剂,在反应温度150 ℃和反应压力0.8 MPa条件下反应2 h,原料转化率为98.7%,目标产物选择性达91.2%。相比于单金属5%Pd/C催化剂,0.9%Au-5%Pd/C-IM-DP催化剂具有较高的活性和选择性。通过XRD和TEM等对催化剂组成和形貌进行表征分析,结果表明,Au和Pd均以单金属颗粒形式存在,而Pd和Au之间的氢溢流作用可能是催化剂具有优异性能的原因。     

超临界CO_2萃取与浸渍法提取白刺果油化学成分的分析与比较

为了促进白刺属植物在医药和精细化工等领域中的应用,该研究采用超临界CO2萃取法和溶剂浸渍法提取唐古特白刺果油,并用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其化学成分进行了分析,从超临界CO2萃取出的白刺果油中分离鉴定出51种化学成分;从浸渍法提取出的白刺果油中鉴定出22种成分;两种方法提取的果油共有14种相同化学成分,含量较高的主要有:二十九烷、二十七烷、亚油酸乙酯、γ-生育酚、VE(α-生育酚)、γ-谷甾醇、菜油甾醇、等。该研究工作的新颖性,已为新疆维吾尔自治区科委石河子大学图书馆2007年1月15日出具的第20070000000005号《科技查新报告》所证实。     

液相浸渍法制备C／C复合材料

介绍了液相渍炭纤维坯体的两种方法。探讨了沥青浸渍和树脂浸渍的浸渍过程和增密效果,比较了两种浸渍方法的相似之处和不同之处。     

粉末浸渍长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯的注塑

采用粉末浸渍的方法制备连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯预浸料,经切割获得长纤维增强聚丙烯粒子,探索了材料的注塑工艺,研究了注塑后材料的力学性能及其影响因素。结果表明,粉末浸渍的长纤维增强聚丙烯经注塑后可获得力学性能的制品;随着预浸料切割长度的增长、纤维含量的增加,材料的力学性能提高;在基体聚丙烯中添加接枝极性基团的功能化聚丙烯,可改善体系的界面结合,提高材料的力学性能,但功能化聚丙烯的含量超过一定值后,材料的冲击强度有所下降;控制注塑时的模具温度,可以改变材料的一些力学性能。     

连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料制备与熔融浸渍机理研究

介绍了4种连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料制备技术及这些方法的优缺点,针对具有工业化前景的熔融浸渍法,根据流体力学理论和Darcy定律,建立了基于物性参数、工艺参数和结构参数的连续纤维束熔融浸渍模型,并对模型进行了求解;结合理论研究和实验研究,分析了物性参数、工艺参数和结构参数对纤维浸渍效果的影响。分析结果表明,聚合物黏度和模具结构参数是影响纤维浸渍效果的关键参数。     

连续玻纤增强聚丙烯预浸带熔融浸渍过程纤维断裂研究

为提高连续玻纤增强聚丙烯预浸带（PP/GF）性能,采用熔融浸渍法制备连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯预浸带,研究了PP熔体浸渍连续GF束过程。基于Weibull分布函数建立了纤维断裂数学模型,预测预浸带生产过程中纤维断裂率并描述实验结果。结果表明,模型与实验数据吻合较好,能够为工业化生产提供指导;纤维束在浸渍模具中受到树脂熔体的作用,及纤维与设备之间的摩擦是影响纤维断裂的主要因素,适当提高浸渍模具温度,降低纤维束牵引速度,增大浸渍模具间隙能有效降低纤维断裂率,提高工艺稳定性。     

Study on mechanical properties of powder impregnated glass fiber reinforced poly(phenylene sulphide) by injection molding at various temperatures

The prepreg of continuous glass fiber reinforced poly(phenylene sulphide) (PPS) was prepared using the powder impregnation technique and cut into the pellets, in which the length of glass fibers was the same as the pellets. After injection molding, the mechanical properties were tested and the effects of the pellet length, fiber content, and thermal treatment on the mechanical properties at different temperatures were studied. It is found that the tensile strength and flexural strength of 6‐mm pellet sample are slightly higher than that of 3‐ and 12‐mm pellet samples. The tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus decrease significantly with increasing the temperature. The notched Izod impact strength at 85ºC is higher than both at 25ºC and 205ºC. At 205ºC, the glass fiber reinforced PPS composites can still keep better mechanical properties. When the fiber content ranges from 0 to 50%, the mechanical properties increase with increasing the fiber contents at different temperatures, except the notched Izod impact strength do not further increase at 145 and 205ºC with raising the fiber content from 40 to 50%. Thermal treatment could improve the mechanical properties of the composites at higher serving temperature. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Performance of large-scale anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells with impregnated La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ+Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 composite cathodes

Anode-supported planar solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with an active area of 81 cm² (9 cm × 9 cm) and nano-structured La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3−δ + Y₂O₃ stabilized ZrO₂ (LSCF + YSZ) composite cathodes are successfully fabricated by tape casting, screen printing, co-firing and solution impregnation, and tested using H₂ fuel and air oxidant at various flow rates. Maximum power densities of 437 and 473 mW cm⁻² are achieved at 750 °C by loading 0.6 and 1.3 mg cm⁻² of LSCF in the composite cathodes, respectively. The gas flow rates, particularly the air, have a significant effect on the cell performance. Cell performance degradation with time is also observed, which is considered to be associated with the growth and coalescence of the nanosized LSCF particles in the composite cathode. The use of the LSCF cathode in combination with YSZ electrolyte without a Gd-doped CeO₂ (GDC) buffer layer is proved to be applicable in large cells, even though the thermal stability of the nanosized LSCF needs to be further improved.