Control of floor heaves with steel pile in gob-side entry retaining

A new approach named as steel pile method is innovatively proposed in this study to control severe floor heaves in gob-side entry retaining. It is required that the steel piles be installed in the floor corners with a certain interval before the influence of the dynamic pressure induced by current panel extraction. Using numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, this study investigated the interaction between the steel piles and the floor rocks during the service life of the steel piles, and revealed the mechanism of the steel piles in controlling floor heaves. The effect of the steel pile parameters on the control of floor heaves was presented and elaborated. It is found that the effectiveness of the steel piles in controlling floor heaves can be enhanced with greater installed dip angle, longer length and smaller interval of the steel piles.Compared with traditional methods, e.g., using floor anchor bolts and floor restoration, the advantages using steel pile were successfully defined in terms of controlling effect and economic benefits. It is hoped that the proposed method can contribute to the development of gob-side entry retaining technique.     

考虑桩土相互作用的“品”字型抗滑桩计算方法

基于对抗滑桩在滑坡防治工程中的应用研究,提出一种新型组合式“品”字型抗滑桩,抗滑桩由3根单桩通过桩顶连梁连接组成空间结构,具有刚度大、变形小的特点;基于位移土压力模型,建立桩身挠曲线微分方程,后排桩在滑坡推力作用下发生变形并直接作用于桩间土上,引入Boussinesq解,通过对桩间土附加应力的求解进一步计算作用于前排桩的附加滑坡推力;将“品”字型抗滑桩应用于舟曲锁儿头滑坡,通过现场试验和现场监测与理论计算方法所得弯矩值和位移值的对比表明,所建立的计算方法合理可行,为进一步研究桩土相互作用的抗滑桩受力机理提供了一定的依据.     

锈蚀损伤混凝土管桩水平承载性状时变分析

为研究锈蚀损伤混凝土管桩的水平承载性状,依据Fick第二定律,建立了氯离子在混凝土管桩中的扩散方程,并结合初始和边界条件,得到扩散方程的解析解.依据厚壁圆筒模型,推导了钢筋混凝土管桩保护层锈胀开裂时的钢筋临界锈蚀深度.基于Faraday定律,对钢筋混凝土管桩保护层锈胀开裂时间进行了预测.并在此基础上,通过引入桩身抗弯刚度折减系数对海洋环境下锈蚀损伤钢筋混凝土管桩的桩身抗弯刚度的衰减规律进行了探讨,进而对海洋环境下锈蚀损伤钢筋混凝土管桩的水平承载性状的时变特性进行了分析.结果表明:海洋环境中氯离子侵蚀引起的钢筋锈蚀对钢筋混凝土管桩的水平承载性状有明显影响.随着暴露时间的延长,桩身抗弯刚度呈非线性衰减,桩身水平位移和桩身负剪力最大值逐渐增大,桩身弯矩逐渐减小.     

基于Mindlin解的单桩侧阻应力系数埋深效应初探

Geddes解采用的集中荷载,起始点在弹性半无限空间表面.应用于工程实践时,计算埋深较浅桩在土中产生应力的影响误差较小,随着建筑群桩基础埋置越深,有的已超35 m,误差会更大.此外基桩侧阻模式分布比较复杂,常常需要分解为几个基本侧阻形式,有的侧阻应力起点并不在地表.以Mindlin解为基础,参考Geddes解,将积分起点设在距离空间表面一定深度a处,从而得到具有埋深a的Geddes解析解,并与原Geddes解进行了简单比较.相对于沿袭Geddes解的做法,本计算式显然更为精确.     

Numerical Simulation of Energy Saving Potential in Dispersing Process of Blasted Smoke in Mines

The dispersing process of the blasted smoke in underground mines by ventilation is very important for the safety of personnel, and its energy consumption is also worthy of concern. In this study, the impact of supply air flow rate on the decay process of harmful gases and fan energy, and the role of harmful gases buried by blasted pile in the smoke dispersing process is analyzed with three-dimensional numerical simulation. According to the results, air flow facilitates quick smoke dispersion and the gas emits from the blasted pile is only significant at the beginning of ventilation. It is thus recommended that large amount of air supply is taken to disperse the smoke quickly until the concentration of harmful gases reaches relevant standards, and reduce the amount of air in the remain time with frequency conversion technology to save energy. In the given study, 12 m/s air flow rate is taken for dispersing smoke and 3 m/s air flow rate is taken for the waiting time. The energy consumption for ventilation is reduced by about 50％. In addition, due to the gases in the blasted pile remains very high concentration after the dispersing process, it is recommended to keep suitable amount of ventilation in the consequent process.     

忽略回填料与岩土热物性差异对桩基埋管换热计算的影响

桩基埋管换热器具有桩径大、埋深浅的特点,适用于桩基埋管特点的系列导热解析解模型被不断提出,但是该类模型均忽略了回填料与岩土热物性的差异。对于桩径较大的桩基埋管而言,较大的热物性差异将引起较大的计算误差。建立了区别回填料与岩土热物性差异的导热数值解模型,对比分析忽略热物性差异对桩基埋管换热计算的影响,研究表明:导热系数差异对桩基埋管长时间运行的换热热阻计算影响甚小;容积比热差异将引起桩基埋管较大的设计容量误差;桩径越大,热物性差异引起的计算误差越显著。     

边坡工程中抗滑群桩工程特性的数值分析

针对建立抗滑群桩的设计方法问题,分析了抗滑群桩在水平推力作用下的力学行为.以重庆江东边坡的典型断面为例,应用有限元程序CORE3D分析了群桩的桩间颗粒土的土拱区域,结合桩的荷载位移曲线、土拱效应解释了土体应力传递到抗滑桩的规律,通过对影响土拱效应的参数,如桩间距、土体厚度、抗滑桩嵌入深度和桩径等的深入研究,提出了相应的群桩布置参数估算公式.研究成果在重庆江东边坡的防护工程设计中得到了应用,并取得了较好的效果.     

加筋劲性水泥土桩的应力应变与极限承载力研究

通过1个水泥土模型桩和2个劲性水泥土组合模型桩以及2个加筋劲性水泥土组合模型桩的静载荷试验,分析了组合桩的极限承载力、Q-S曲线及应力-应变曲线.分析表明:1土工格栅围箍面积越大,模型桩的应力应变变化速度越缓慢;2围箍面积越大,提高承载力的作用越明显;3加筋劲性水泥土组合桩的4根芯桩离桩心距离为40mm时,土工格栅的作用最明显,其极限承载力提高12.5%.     

包头某越冬基坑桩锚支护结构受力变形监测分析

近几年基坑支护深度H不断增加,施工周期也不断变长,在北方一些寒冷地区,一些基坑工程不得不进入越冬期.由于基坑渗水和地下水的影响,基坑土体的冬季冻胀和春季融陷容易对支护结构产生一些不良作用.针对包头某越冬基坑进行了监测,总结了桩锚支护结构在越冬时锚杆轴力变化和基坑位移变化,并提出了一些防治冻胀的措施,为类似工程提供参考.     

A simplified approach for negative skin friction calculation of special-shaped pile considering pile-soil interaction under surcharge

A simplified approach was proposed to analyze the negative skin friction calculation of special-shaped pile considering pile-soil interaction under surcharge. Based on the concentric cylinder shearing theory, considering the changes of pile shape（such as, taper angle and diameters of pile base, etc.）, the load-transfer of special-shaped pile was built. The accuracy of the developed simplified approach was verified by numerical simulation model with the same condition. Then, the influence factors, such as, taper angles, the diameter of pile base, surcharge, and pile-soil interface parameters were analyzed and discussed. The results show that the developed simplified approach can calculate NSF of special-shaped pile under surcharge effectively. A limited parametric study indicates that in many practical situations special-shaped piles（such as belled wedge pile shown in this work） offer a design option that is more economical than traditional uniform cross-section piles.