新型水基薄膜润滑剂在高强度螺栓连接副上的应用研究

介绍一种新型水基薄膜润滑剂。仅利用该润滑剂对高强度螺栓连接副中的螺母表面进行润滑处理,即能够达到以下目的:处理后的磷化大六角头螺栓连接副,在0～60℃时,其扭矩系数及标准偏差均满足GB/T1231—2006《钢结构用高强度大六角头螺栓、大六角螺母、垫圈技术条件》的要求,且温度每变化10℃,扭矩系数的变化率仅为2.7%;处理后的磷化扭剪型螺栓连接副,在0～60℃时,其紧固轴力均满足相关标准要求,且其标准偏差远低于标准允许范围;处理后的达克罗大六角头螺栓连接副,其扭矩系数及标准偏差亦能够满足相关标准要求。     

大跨度曲面屋盖风压分布特性的试验研究

通过某机场航站楼的刚性模型风洞试验研究,得到了上下屋盖表面的平均、脉动风压系数,对其风压分布特性进行了研究。结果表明:上表面屋盖主要呈现负压,在屋盖迎风面边缘出现较大气流分离;下表面屋盖迎风面出现正压,背风面主要为负压,风压系数变化梯度较大,风荷载特性更加复杂。     

有压溶液作用下混凝土中氯离子浓度分布研究

为探索测定混凝土中钢筋锈蚀临界氯离子浓度的快速测定方法,本文对有压溶液作用下混凝土内部的氯离子浓度分布进行了测定。试验测定了0.65水灰比、1 MPa压强作用下混凝土的渗透系数以及不同加压时间条件下的自由氯离子浓度和总氯离子浓度,得到了不同加压时间下自由氯离子沿混凝土深度的浓度分布曲线。结果表明,随着加压时间的增长,在同一混凝土渗透深度处,自由氯离子浓度呈上升趋势。数值模拟的结果也较好的反映了这一规律。这为钢筋锈蚀临界氯离子浓度的快速测定方法的提出提供了理论及实验基础。     

Effect of soft‐storey mechanism caused by infill elimination on displacement demand in nonlinear static procedure using coefficient method

In recent earthquakes, many buildings have been damaged due to the soft‐storey mechanism failure. The seismic design codes for buildings do not contain enough criteria to predict the real displacement of such buildings. This paper focuses on evaluating the nonlinear displacement of buildings that fail in soft‐storey mechanism form. Results show that the nonlinear static procedure with coefficient method, which is described in Chapter 3 of ASCE/SEI 41‐06, does not have sufficient accuracy for estimation of structure displacement demand in such buildings. In this paper, the coefficient methodology is used for evaluating the target displacement for 5‐storey, 8‐storey and 15‐storey special moment resisting steel frames. For this purpose, dynamic nonlinear time‐history analysis has been applied for the mentioned structures having a soft‐storey mechanism failure form. The numerical results of storey displacement and interstorey drift were compared with those values obtained from the coefficient method described in Chapter 3 of ASCE/SEI 41‐06. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

摩擦摆隔震支座在地震反应中的影响分析

本文以一座7层框架结构作为研究对象,运用有限元分析软件SAP2000,对摩擦摆基础隔震结构进行地震反应分析,输入地震波EI-Centro波,通过调整摩擦摆支座的摩擦系数,分析在不同的摩擦系数下结构的周期、基底位移、楼层加速度的影响变化,表明随着支座摩擦系数的增大,结构自振周期逐渐变小,楼层的滑动位移反应也呈减小的趋势,但楼层加速度反应会逐渐变大,为滑移隔震技术应用到实际工程提供了参考依据。     

间位芳纶溶解及凝固性能研究

以二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)为溶剂,分别加入LiCl和CaCl_2制备溶解体系,研究了间位芳纶在这几种溶解体系中的溶解性能。再以H_2O-DMAc、H_2O-DMF、H_2O-DMSO、H_2O-NMP为凝固浴,研究了溶剂种类、芳纶溶液质量分数、离子浓度等对间位芳纶溶液的凝固性能的影响。结果显示:Li Cl-DMAc溶解体系具有更强的溶解性能;凝固值随凝固浴中凝固剂H_2O的含量的增加不断减小,而临界浓度几乎没有变化;随着凝固浴温度的增加,凝固值增大,临界浓度减小;凝固值随凝固浴中离子浓度的升高而增大,但临界质量分数则不断降低。另外,间位芳纶溶液的扩散系数随着凝固浴中H_2O的含量的减少不断减小,随着芳纶浓度的增加不断减小。     

Effect of TiO2 addition on the properties of Ti3Si(Al)C2 based ceramics fabricated by reactive melt infiltration

In this paper, Ti₃Si(Al)C₂ based ceramics were fabricated by reactive melt infiltration (RMI) of TiC/TiO₂ preforms with liquid silicon. The microstructure, phase composition, and mechanical properties of the Ti₃Si(Al)C₂ based ceramics have been investigated to understand the effect of phase composition of the preforms on the formation mechanisms of Ti₃Si(Al)C₂. The preforms with different content of TiO₂ infiltrated at 1500 °C with liquid silicon for 1 h were composed of Ti₃Si(Al)C₂, Al₂O₃, TiC, TiSi_xAl_y and residual Al. The prior generated Al₂O₃ phases inhibited the dispersion of Ti₃Si(Al)C₂ phases, resulting in the drastically grain growth of Ti₃Si(Al)C₂. Subsequently, the microstructure with gradually increasing Ti₃Si(Al)C₂ grain size resulted in the decrease of the bending strength and fracture toughness of samples. When the content of TiO₂ reached 20 wt%, the bending strength reached the maximum, 326.6 MPa. The fracture toughness attained the maximum, 4.3 MPa m^1/2, when the content of TiO₂ was 10 wt%.     

Microstructure and ablation behaviors of a novel gradient C/C-ZrC-SiC composite fabricated by an improved reactive melt infiltration

An improved reactive melt infiltration (RMI) route using Zr, Si tablet as infiltrant was developed in order to obtain high-performance and low-cost C/C-ZrC-SiC composite with well defined structure. Two other RMI routes using Zr, Si mixed powders and alloy were also performed for comparison. Effects of different infiltration routes on the microstructure and ablation behavior were investigated. Results showed that C/C-ZrC-SiC composite prepared by Zr, Si tablets developed a dense gradient microstructure that content of ZrC ceramic increased gradually along the infiltration direction, while that of SiC ceramic decreased. Composites prepared by Zr, Si mixed powders and alloy showed a homogeneous microstructure containing more SiC ceramic. In addition, two interface patterns were observed at the carbon/ceramic interfaces: continuous SiC layer and ZrC, SiC mixed layers. It should be due to the arising of stable Si molten pool in the tablet. Among all as-prepared samples, after exposing to the oxyacetylene flame for 60 s at 2500 °C, C/C-ZrC-SiC composite infiltrated by Zr, Si tablet exhibited the best ablation property owing to its unique gradient structure.     

并网双馈风力机感应发电机效应研究

中国大型风电场的建立,使得大容量风功率需交流输电系统远距离输送。风力机通过含串联电容补偿的交流输电系统外送功率时,可能诱发感应发电机效应(Induction Generator Effect,IGE),威胁系统的安全稳定运行。建立了双馈风力发电系统模型,从理论角度分析了影响感应发电机效应的因素;采用复转矩系数法,计算了串补度、输电线路电阻及风速变化时,系统的电气阻尼,最后进行了时域仿真验证。研究结果表明,串补度的增大、风速的减小及输电线路电阻的减小可以增大系统的电气负阻尼。当系统等效电气负阻尼大于定子和输电系统等效正阻尼之和时,将导致输出功率发散振荡,即产生感应发电机效应。